gas bottle safety valve manufacturer

Distributor of gas valves including natural gas valves, gas compressor valves, gas cylinder valves & 2-way sub-miniature diaphragm isolation valves. Types include modular design valves & 4-port floating seal direct acting valves. Modular design valves are available orifice sizes ranging from 1/32 in. to 3/16 in. with operating pressures ranging from 15 psig to 400 psig. 4-port floating seal direct acting valves are available in orifice sizes of 1/16 in. with gas pressure ratings of 124 psig, liquid pressure ratings of 100 psig & power ratings of 10 kW & 15 kW. Applications for 2-way sub-miniature diaphragm isolation valves include analytical instrumentation, mass spectography & gas chromatography. JIT delivery available.

compressed gas solutions serving blue-chip bulk and specialty gas manufacturers, distributors and storage & delivery system providers (OEMs). The Sherwood brand includes valves and accessories for all segments including industrial gases, acetylene, medical, hydrogen, refrigerant recovery, propylene, alternative energy and more.

Evergreen Midwest Co. is dedicated to serving the manufacturing industry with the highest quality industrial valves available today. Valves, being critical machinery components, need to be built with maximum dexterity and strength. All valves available for sale on our website are manufactured by well-known & trusted brands Sherwood ValveandRego Products. After decades of industry experience, we are proudly a leading supplier of exceptional valves from these manufacturers. These include globe valves, gate valves, ball valves, pressure regulators, safety relief valves, check valves - the list goes on. We serve a complete range of these critical cylinder components for almost all subcategories of the compressed gas industry, cryogenic markets, and specialty gas markets, as well as the medical, chemical, welding, life-support, cryogenic, and semi-conductor fields.

All the valves that we sell are manufactured in the United States and follow strict and automated manufacturing and testing processes. Our valves also adhere to the necessary international industrial valve standard regulations, therefore meeting the safety levels required for a variety of applications. We are teamed up with technology experts and experienced professionals to guide users with the functioning and repair mechanisms.

Residual Pressure Valve (RPV) valves have been cycle tested to conform to GCE´s own stringent standards exceeding ISO 10297 and ISO 15996 to provide a Class Leading 15 year maintenance-free Service Life

Laser marked Batch and Part Numbers on the valve body, for easy identifi cation and traceability, all provide Operational Ease of Use for GCE´s customers

SMARTOP cylinder valves for industrial and specialty gases have built-in caps and easy-to-use on/off levers to help stop gas loss, improve safety, save time and money.

Now you can simplify your cylinder gas use while improving safety with innovative SMARTOP cylinder valve technology, from Airgas, an Air Liquide company. SMARTOP has a built-in cap, easy-to-use on/off levers, at-a-glance pressure valves and more for the enhanced safety and performance you want.

Are you tired of wasting gas, losing cylinder caps and all of the ergonomic and safety risks associated with daily cylinder use and handling? Now you can get the most out of every cylinder with SMARTOP, our innovative cylinder pressure relief valve developed exclusively for ARCAL™ premium welding gases and ALPHAGAZ™ pure analytical gases.

Our supply chain management solutions can enhance efficiency, continuity and safety — especially when managing your gas supply. EZ-GAZ™ is a unique digital gas monitoring service that alerts you when your preset gas pressure level is detected, no matter where you are.

Call your Airgas account manager or provide your information below to have an Airgas representative contact you about SMARTOP™. Ready to talk now? Contact us at 800-909-8058.

PTEC – the company for innovative products PTEC GmbH – a Worthington Industries company since Jan. 2021 – stands for comprehensive and reliable project supervision in mobile and stationary natural gas and hydrogen applications. We are a single source for consultation, engineering, prototyping, type approval, ...

ABOUT GAS INNOVATIONS Gas Innovations has become a world leading provider of high purity hydrocarbons in the refrigerant, pharmaceutical, industrial, electronics, and agricultural chemical industries. Ancillary services and products offered are technical consultation, equipment and turnkey logistics to satisfy your business needs by being strategically located at the ...

SS Gas Lab Asia (SSGLA) is a leading manufacturer-exporter of carbon dioxide (CO2) generation and recovery, biogas generation and upgradation, nitrous oxide generation and dry ice process plants.  SSGLA also supplies allied systems like CO2 storage tanks &transportation tankers for CO2 vaporizers, manifold systems etc. for ...

Cyl-Tec, Inc.® has come to be known as a prominent leader and innovator in the compressed gas industry who really understands and fulfills what matters most to customers – on-time delivery, reliable products, and personal service. This family-owned business began in 1991 as a gas ...

MATAR Srl. is a high pressure gas containers player, updated to the most modern technologies. Cylinders selling, testing and refurbishing – Valves and caps – Ultra light rolls-on, modules and trailers for compressed gas transport. Family owned company, MATAR is born in 1982 as aluminium ...

Since 1999 we’ve been bringing our extensive knowledge, great service and an unrivalled safety record to the global valve and ancillaries market. Herose supply the top international industrial gas companies and original equipment manufacturers (OEM), and our products are used in over 100 countries. You’ll ...

MSR-Electronic is a manufacturer of fixed gas warning systems with decades of experience in the field of building automation and gas measurement technology. The international company with headquarters in Germany has a wide range of methods for the detection of toxic and combustible gases. On ...

FasTest’s high-pressure, gas filling connectors have a proven track record with over two decades of service in the field. FasTest gas quick connectors provide a simple single handed approach to filling cylinders. Under pressure, a secure, leak-tight seal is established with our patented safety locking ...

The GCE Group is Europe’s leading gas equipment company. We are proud member of ESAB Corporation and our today’s extensive product portfolio service our customers in following business areas: -Cutting & Welding Technologies -Valves -Central Gas Systems -Healthcare -Homecare  The GCE Group headquarter is located ...

NingBo ZhengXin(ZX) pressure vessel Co., Ltd. is a leading manufacturer of high pressure gas cylinders and valves located in No.1 JinHu East Road, HuangJiaBu Town, YuYao City, China, with its sales office in Shanghai, China. Over 20 million reliable cylinders are made by ZX and in ...

Tekno Valves, established in 1971, is an ISO 9001 and TPED certified cylinder valve manufacturer of industrial, medical, and specialty gases. Our cylinder valves are tested and approved to global standards. Our integrated design and manufacturing facility in India is equipped with state-of-the-art CNC equipment ...

RealGaz operating on the gas sales market of Azerbaijan since 2003 year. Sales and services of industrial, technical, medical and specialty gases, as well as gas mixtures. Accredited laboratory for the analysis of all gases, which we produce at our plant and have for sale. With a higher ...

Established in 1949, with over 70 years of experience, Habonim is committed to engineering, manufacturing, and supplying superior products and providing excellent personal service to our customers. We take pride in incorporating quality, innovation, reliability, and safety into our products. We provide the best professional ...

Founded in 1963, Control Devices is a leading designer and manufacturer of specialty valves and other high-quality flow control products. Control Devices’ ISO 9001:2008 certified facility boasts a dedicated and skilled work force utilizing automatic machining, assembly and final test equipment to support our production ...

The GCE Group is Europe’s leading gas equipment company. We are proud member of ESAB Corporation and our today’s extensive product portfolio service our customers in following business areas: -Cutting & Welding Technologies -Valves -Central Gas Systems -Healthcare -Homecare  The GCE Group headquarter is located ...

M/s. Vadilal Chemicals Limited is a part of Vadilal Group (Known for Vadilal Ice-Cream in worldwide) which have over 30 years of experience in specific Gas Industry. Our presence in INDIA as a leading company with 10 plant / branches. Calibration gases are traceable to ...

Cavagna Group is a key industrial partner and enabler for the treatment, distribution, control, and metering of all types of gases. Founded in 1949 in Italy, and still run as a family business, for over 70 years Cavagna Group has been operating globally, with eleven ...

The Cavagna Group™ offers the most complete and reliable line of products in the sector, supported by a never-ending commitment to research and engineering. We design, manufacture and distribute a wide range of valves and regulators for different types of high-pressure gas applications worldwide. From ...

Dayan Gas Co. is member of Dayan Chemical Group. Dayan Gas is supplier and producer of cylinders, CNG tanks, industrial gases, pure gases, gas mixture, liquid gases, refrigerant gases and regulators.  Dayan gas Co. is a private company which imports & exports industrial gases and ...

Equigas Group is dedicated to providing customers with impeccable service, high quality products, and customer minded warranties for the Americas and the Caribbean. Equigas International, Inc. is the subsidiary of the group that serves the Cryogenic & Compressed Gas, Specialty Gases, Medical Gases and LNG ...

Almost all compressed gas containers are fitted with pressure relief devices. A pressure relief device is a pressure- and/or temperature-activated device used to prevent the pressure from rising above a predetermined maximum, and thereby prevent rupture of a normally charged cylinder when subjected to a standard fire test as required by Title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (49CFR 173.34(d)), or equivalent regulations of Transport Canada.

The Compressed Gas Association, in pamphlet CGA S-1.1, has classified pressure relief devices according to type using the letter designation CG followed by a numeral. Each of these types described are in the following subsections (reference CGA S-1.1).

Rupture disk devices installed on compressed gas cylinders may be either an integral part of the cylinder valve assembly or may be installed on the cylinder as an independent attachment. The materials of construction selected must be compatible with the fluid in the cylinder as well as the cylinder valve materials with which the rupture disk device comes in contact in order to minimize corrosion.

One of the most common types of rupture disk devices consists of a gasket and a rupture disk and a rupture disk holder. These components are only supplied as factory-assembled devices designed to be replaced as a unit. The gasket is the part which provides the proper seal to prevent leakage of the cylinder contents past the rupture disk assembly and may be constructed of metallic or nonmetallic materials.

The rupture disk holder is the part of the pressure relief device which contains the opening, against which the rupture disk mates. The rupture disk holder usually also contains the discharge porting or passages, beyond the operating parts of the device, through which fluid must pass to reach the atmosphere. In many cases, the discharge holder is provided with radial vent holes through which the fluid in the cylinder vents to the atmosphere. This radical discharge design provides an anti-recoil feature, which minimizes rocketing of compressed gas cylinders during discharge of the contents through the pressure relief device. Other types of discharge ports may also be provided in rupture disk holders to suit specific application requirements.

B. Tightening of the rupture disk assembly to the cylinder valve or to the cylinder itself should be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Tightening to a torque less than the manufacturer’s recommendations may result in a leaking device or a device that may rupture at a lower pressure than specified. Conversely, over tightening can also result in disk actuation at a lower pressure than specified due to excessive twisting action, which may create wrinkles or distortions in the disk, which may cause premature failure of the disk and inadvertent release of the pressure contents. Either of these premature releases could cause serious injury or death.

A rupture disk is a pressure-operated device which affords protection against excessive pressure. It protects against excessive pressure when the properties of the gas, cylinder design, and percentage of charge in the cylinder are such that exposure to excessively high temperatures will cause an increase in internal pressure sufficient to actuate the rupture disk before the cylinder loses its integrity and weakens. The rupture disk also

Fusible plugs can be installed on the cylinder as independent devices or fusible alloy can be cast directly into a suitable orifice in the cylinder valve body. In some cases, a fusible plug may be installed as a separate device

WARNING No attempt should be made to repair fusible plug devices. They are not repairable and attempts to repair will destroy the integrity of the fusible alloy causing leakage of gases that may lead to fire, personal injury or death.

A pressure relief valve is a spring-loaded pressure-operated device designed to relieve excessive cylinder pressure, reclose, and reseal to prevent further release of product from the cylinder after excessive pressure is removed and valve resealing pressure has been achieved.

The primary advantage of using the pressure relief valve is that functioning of this type of device may not release all of the contents of the cylinder but is designed to reseal after resealing pressure has been achieved. This characteristic, in fire conditions, will minimize feeding the fire in the case of flammable or combustible cylinder contents.

Pressure relief valves are designed to maintain the pressure in the cylinder at a limit as determined by the spring force. Therefore, such devices do not protect the cylinder against possible rupture when continued application of external heat or direct flame impingement weakens the cylinder wall to the point where its rupture pressure is less than the operating pressure of the relief valve.

If you require assistance in selecting a Pressure Relief or Safety device for a specific application, please contact Sherwood Customer Service at 888-508-2583 with the following information: Part number of the valve assembly being repaired, if applicable; Type of gas service in which cylinder will be used; and service or test pressure of the cylinder.

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There are many uses of valves - mainly controlling the flow of fluids and pressure. Some examples include regulating water for irrigation, industrial uses for controlling processes, and residential piping systems. Magnetic valves like those using the solenoid, are often used in a range of industrial processes. Whereas backflow preventers are often used in residential and commercial buildings to ensure the safety and hygiene of the water supplies. Whether you are designing a regulation system for irrigation or merely looking for a new replacement, you will be able to find whatever type of gas bottle safety valve that you need. Our products vary from check valves to pressure reducing valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, thermostatic mixing valves, and a lot more.

Lintgen, Luxembourg 10 August 2021 – Rotarex SRG a business unit of Rotarex SA announced that the entire Cryotec range including the Refrigerant Valves and Components is taken over and managed by Rotarex SRG in Gladenbach, Germany.

SRG Schulz + Rackow Gastechnik has a long history and experience of more than 85 years in the design and manufacturing of valves, regulators and equipment for various applications, such as Cylinder and Bulk Tank Storage, Automotive solutions, Cont...

Searching for tools to control the flow of your piping system? Explore one of the largest featured collections of products and discover a range of wholesale gas bottle safety valve on Alibaba.com. When you search for gas bottle safety valve and related items, you will be able to find many types of gas bottle safety valve varying in size, shape, use, and quality, all at prices in which are highly reasonable!

There are many uses of valves - mainly controlling the flow of fluids and pressure. Some examples include regulating water for irrigation, industrial uses for controlling processes, and residential piping systems. Magnetic valves like those using the solenoid, are often used in a range of industrial processes. Whereas backflow preventers are often used in residential and commercial buildings to ensure the safety and hygiene of the water supplies. Whether you are designing a regulation system for irrigation or merely looking for a new replacement, you will be able to find whatever type of gas bottle safety valve that you need. Our products vary from check valves to pressure reducing valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, thermostatic mixing valves, and a lot more.

Searching for tools to control the flow of your piping system? Explore one of the largest featured collections of products and discover a range of wholesale safety valve gas cylinder on Alibaba.com. When you search for safety valve gas cylinder and related items, you will be able to find many types of safety valve gas cylinder varying in size, shape, use, and quality, all at prices in which are highly reasonable!

There are many uses of valves - mainly controlling the flow of fluids and pressure. Some examples include regulating water for irrigation, industrial uses for controlling processes, and residential piping systems. Magnetic valves like those using the solenoid, are often used in a range of industrial processes. Whereas backflow preventers are often used in residential and commercial buildings to ensure the safety and hygiene of the water supplies. Whether you are designing a regulation system for irrigation or merely looking for a new replacement, you will be able to find whatever type of safety valve gas cylinder that you need. Our products vary from check valves to pressure reducing valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, thermostatic mixing valves, and a lot more.

All Safe Global operates two nationally recognized, DOT-authorized service centers, providing ultrasonic and hydrostatic gas cylinder recertification, refurbishment, and recycling services. We also provide mobile fire protection and life safety offerings and on-site inspections. Both of our service centers requalify high- and low-pressure cylinders for numerous gas applications including acetylene, oxygen, inerts, and more.

In addition to products and services, we deliver outstanding customer support to multiple business-critical sectors. With over 45 years of industry experience, superior technical expertise, our own trucking fleet, volume purchasing power, and rapid turnaround, All Safe Global is the premier compressed gas equipment distributor for demanding businesses.

If you have been searching for a safety release valve that you can use to reduce short-term pressure surges successfully and diminish the effects of gas leaks, this is the product for ...

... regulators have safety valves which will slam shut in the event of emergencies, such as the gas reaching too high a pressure level. The valve works to protect any fittings ...

This product has hydraulically actuated class A gas safety valves to EN 161 used for automatic shut-off. It shuts off when unstimulated for gas and air, ...

The S 104 Safety Shut Off valve is mainly used to avoid any damage to components as well as to avoid too high or too low pressure in the gas train. This could cause high financial losses ...

The S50 Safety Shut Off valve is mainly used to avoid any damage to components as well as to avoid too high or too low pressure in the gas train. This could cause high financial losses ...

The S100 Safety Shut Off valve is mainly used to avoid any damage to components as well as to avoid too high or too low pressure in the gas train. This could cause high financial losses ...

... Pressure Safety Valve + Rupture Disk is protected and may be utilized autonomously as essential security gadgets or in conjunction. There are 3 possible combinations. The first combinations ...

It"s a Safety valve in according with Directives ATEX 20K/34/EU. Technical Norm Fire Prevention 41/256 31/10/2019. d.P.R. 10/520 19/03/1955 and subsequent amendments.

130 Series Safety valves are also available as Relief valves. Relief valves, identified by the letter R after the type number, are devices with an operational function, ...

V651 Series safety relief valves are produced as safety and relief type. Safety valves are pressure relief elements used to evacuate excessive pressure ...

PVS type slam shut valves are pilot-operated relief valves in which the opening and the closing of the main plug is controlled by a pilot device which is very ...

This range of spring loaded conventional and balanced safety relief valves is specifically designed for overpressure protection of unfired pressure vessel (ASME Section VIII application). ...

The EMERSON BM7 SERIES is a disk slam-shut valve characterized as automatic isolating elements, which are suitable for installation as safety devices in regulating stations. This device has a high operation ...

... control and regulate the gas, air flow to burners and other combustion devices. HMV is a unique safety valve that can be supplied for the requiremen of handling higher ...

Type 50 is a safety valve for universal use. It can be used for nearly any industrial application, e.g. in shipping and pipeline construction, the chemical and petrochemical industries, ...

The RIEGER Safety valve Type SH prevents excessive pressure in steam and gaseous media in plant components and tanks. The set pressure is generally higher than the operating pressure of the system.

... sewage, gas, glycol, diathermic oil, industrial water, steam and other natural and aggressive media, depending on theresistance of materials usedfor the construction ofthe valve.

WITT is a manufacturer of Pressure relief valvesor Safety relief valves for technical gases. They are designed to protect against overpressure by discharging pressurized gases and vapors from pipelines, pressure vessels and plant components. Safety relief valves (SRV) are often the last line of defense against explosion – and such an explosion could be fatal. Other common names for safety relief valves are pressure relief valve (PRV), safety valve, pressure safety valve, overpressure valve, relief valve or blow-off valve.

WITT safety valves are very precise. They are individually preset to open at a predetermined pressure within the range 0.07 to 652 Psi. Their small size and orientation-independent installation allow a wide range of connection options. WITT relief valves also stand out due to their high blow-off flow rates of up to 970m³/h. They can be used within a temperature range of -76° F to +518°F and even with very low pressures.

For maximum safety, WITT undertakes 100 % testing of each safety relief valve before it is delivered. In addition, WITT offers individual testing of eachsafety valveby the TÜV, with their certificate as proof of the correct set pressure.

WITTsafety relief valvesare direct-acting, spring-loaded valves. When the preset opening pressure is reached, a spring-loaded element in the valve gives way and opens, and the pressure is relieved. Once the pressures are equalized, the valve closes automatically and can be reactivated any time the pressure rises again. Depending on the application and the nature of the gas, the safety relief valvescan either discharge to atmosphere, or via a connected blow-off line. The opening pressure of the safety valves is preset by WITT at the factory according to the customer’s requirements.

Safety relief valvesare used in numerous industries and industrial applications where, for example, gases pass through pipelines or where special process vessels have to be filled with gas at a certain pressure.

For most industrial applications using technical gases, brass is usually the standard material of construction of thesafety relief valvebody/housing. For the use of pressure relief valves with aggressive and corrosive gases, the housings are made of high-quality stainless steel (1.4541/AISI 321, 1.4404/AISI 316L, 1.4305/AISI 303 or 1.4571/AISI 316Ti). The use of aluminium as a housing material is also possible.

Depending on the type of gas used and individual customer requirements, various sealing materials and elastomers are available to ensure the safety of your systems under even the most difficult conditions.

WITT pressure relief valves are available with different connections. In addition to the standard versions with the usual internal or external threads, special versions with KF or CF flanges, VCR or UNF threads can also be ordered. Special adapters for connecting the safety relief valve to a blow-off line are also available.

For the mechanical devices used to impart a force from a pressurized gas, see pneumatic cylinder. For the large structures used to store town gas, see gas holder.

A gas cylinder is a pressure vessel for storage and containment of gases at above atmospheric pressure. High-pressure gas cylinders are also called bottles. Inside the cylinder the stored contents may be in a state of compressed gas, vapor over liquid, supercritical fluid, or dissolved in a substrate material, depending on the physical characteristics of the contents. A typical gas cylinder design is elongated, standing upright on a flattened bottom end, with the valve and fitting at the top for connecting to the receiving apparatus.

In the United States, "bottled gas" typically refers to liquefied petroleum gas. "Bottled gas" is sometimes used in medical supply, especially for portable oxygen tanks. Packaged industrial gases are frequently called "cylinder gas", though "bottled gas" is sometimes used. The term propane tank is also used for cylinders with propane.

The United Kingdom and other parts of Europe more commonly refer to "bottled gas" when discussing any usage, whether industrial, medical, or liquefied petroleum. In contrast, what is called liquefied petroleum gas in the United States is known generically in the United Kingdom as "LPG" and it may be ordered by using one of several trade names, or specifically as butane or propane, depending on the required heat output.

Design codes and application standards and the cost of materials dictated the choice of steel with no welds for most gas cylinders; the steel is treated to resist corrosion. Some newly developed lightweight gas cylinders are made from stainless steel and composite materials. Due to the very high tensile strength of carbon fiber reinforced polymer, these vessels can be very light, but are more difficult to manufacture.

Metal-free liner from plastics, fully wrapped with fibre material. The boss, the centre of the head(s) of the cylinder is still from metal and includes the thread for the valve.

Pressure vessels for gas storage may also be classified by volume. In South Africa, a gas storage cylinder implies a refillable transportable container with a water capacity volume of up to 150 litres. Refillable transportable cylindrical containers from 150 to 3,000 litres water capacity are referred to as tubes.

The transportation of high-pressure cylinders is regulated by many governments throughout the world. Various levels of testing are generally required by the governing authority for the country in which it is to be transported. In the United States, this authority is the United States Department of Transportation (DOT). Similarly in the UK, the European transport regulations (ADR) are implemented by the Department for Transport (DfT). For Canada, this authority is Transport Canada (TC). Cylinders may have additional requirements placed on design and or performance from independent testing agencies such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Each manufacturer of high-pressure cylinders is required to have an independent quality agent that will inspect the product for quality and safety.

A gas regulator attached to a nitrogen cylinder. From right — cylinder valve, cylinder pressure gauge, pressure control valve (yellow) on regulator (green), outlet pressure gauge, 3-way outlet terminated by needle valves.

Gas cylinders usually have a stop angle valve at one end, and the cylinder is usually oriented so the valve is on top. During storage, transportation, and handling when the gas is not in use, a cap may be screwed over the protruding valve to protect it from damage or breaking off in case the cylinder were to fall over. Instead of a cap, cylinders sometimes have a protective collar or neck ring around the valve assembly.

The valves on industrial, medical and diving cylinders usually have threads of different handedness, sizes and types that depend on the category of gas, making it more difficult to mistakenly misuse a gas. For example, a hydrogen cylinder does not fit an oxygen regulator and supply line, which could result in catastrophe. Some fittings use a right-hand thread, while others use a left-hand thread; left-hand thread fittings are usually identifiable by notches or grooves cut into them.

In the United States, valve connections are sometimes referred to as CGA connections, since the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) publishes guidelines on what connections to use for what gasses. For example, an argon cylinder has a "CGA 580" connection on the valve. High purity gases sometimes use CGA-DISS ("Diameter Index Safety System") connections.

In the UK, the British Standards Institution sets the standards. Included among the standards is the use left-hand threaded valves for flammable gas cylinders (most commonly brass, BS4, valves for non-corrosive cylinder contents or stainless steel, BS15, valves for corrosive contents). Non flammable gas cylinders are fitted with right-hand threaded valves (most commonly brass, BS3, valves for non-corrosive components or stainless steel, BS14, valves for corrosive components).

When the gas in the cylinder is to be used at low pressure, the cap is taken off and a pressure-regulating assembly is attached to the stop valve. This attachment typically has a pressure regulator with upstream (inlet) and downstream (outlet) pressure gauges and a further downstream needle valve and outlet connection. For gases that remain gaseous under ambient storage conditions, the upstream pressure gauge can be used to estimate how much gas is left in the cylinder according to pressure. For gases that are liquid under storage, e.g., propane, the outlet pressure is dependent on the vapor pressure of the gas, and does not fall until the cylinder is nearly exhausted, although it will vary according to the temperature of the cylinder contents. The regulator is adjusted to control the downstream pressure, which will limit the maximum flow of gas out of the cylinder at the pressure shown by the downstream gauge. For some purposes, such as shielding gas for arc welding, the regulator will also have a flowmeter on the downstream side.

Because the contents are under pressure and are sometimes hazardous materials, handling bottled gases is regulated. Regulations may include chaining bottles to prevent falling and damaging the valve, proper ventilation to prevent injury or death in case of leaks and signage to indicate the potential hazards If a compressed gas cylinder tips over, causing the valve block to be sheared off, the rapid release of high-pressure gas may cause the cylinder to be violently accelerated, potentially causing property damage, injury, or death. To prevent this, cylinders are normally secured to a fixed object or transport cart with a strap or chain. They can also be stored in a safety cabinet.

In a fire, the pressure in a gas cylinder rises in direct proportion to its temperature. If the internal pressure exceeds the mechanical limitations of the cylinder and there are no means to safely vent the pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the vessel will fail mechanically. If the vessel contents are flammable, this event may result in a "fireball".boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE).

Medical gas cylinders in the UK and some other countries have a fusible plug of Wood"s metal in the valve block between the valve seat and the cylinder.

Gas cylinders found in hot air balloons have to be checked once a year as part of an annual inspection by a CAA approved inspector ensuring no dents or scratches pose a risk to the cylinder. Pressure relief valves on balloon cylinders are replaced after 10 years or sooner if there are signs of damage to them along with an internal inspection of the cylinders to check for corrosion and foreign elements within the cylinder.

More common pressure relief devices are a simple burst disc installed in the base of the valve between the cylinder and the valve seat. A burst disc is a small metal gasket engineered to rupture at a pre-determined pressure. Some burst discs are backed with a low-melting-point metal, so that the valve must be exposed to excessive heat before the burst disc can rupture.

There is a wide range of standards relating to the manufacture, use and testing of pressurised gas cylinders and related components. Some examples are listed here.

Gas cylinders are often color-coded, but the codes are not standard across different jurisdictions, and sometimes are not regulated. Cylinder color can not safely be used for positive product identification; cylinders have labels to identify the gas they contain.

For larger volume high pressure gas storage units, known as tubes, are available. They generally have a larger diameter and length than high pressure cylinders, and usually have a tapped neck at both ends. They may be mounted alone or in groups on trailers, permanent bases, or intermodal transport frames. Due to their length, they are mounted horizontally on mobile structures. In general usage they are often manifolded together and managed as a unit.

Groups of similar size cylinders may be mounted together and connected to a common manifold system to provide larger storage capacity than a single standard cylinder. This is commonly called a cylinder bank or a gas storage bank. The manifold may be arranged to allow simultaneous flow from all the cylinders, or, for a cascade filling system, where gas is tapped off cylinders according to the lowest positive pressure difference between storage and destination cylinder, being a more efficient use of pressurised gas.

A gas quad is a group of high pressure cylinders mounted on a transport and storage frame. There are commonly 16 cylinders, each of about 50 litres capacity mounted upright in four rows of four, on a square base with a square plan frame with lifting points on top and may have fork-lift slots in the base. The cylinders are usually interconnected as a manifold for use as a unit, but many variations in layout and structure are possible.

11 Gas Cylinder Safety Guidelines E. General use requirements Gas Cylinder Use • Never apply excessive force when trying to open valves. • Never allow flames or concentrated heat sources to come in contact with a gas cylinder. • Never allow a gas cylinder to become part of an electrical circuit. • Never partially open a cylinder valve to remove dust or debris from the cylinder inlet. • Never use cylinder gas as a compressed air source. • Never use adapters or exchange fittings between tanks and regulators. • Never use Teflon TM tape on Compressed Gas Association (CGA) fittings (straight thread) where the seal is made by metal- to-metal contact. Use of Teflon TM tape causes the threads to spread and weaken, increasing the likelihood of leaks. Small pieces of tape can also become lodged in the valve mechanism resulting in possible valve failure. • Never attempt to open a corroded valve; it may be impossible to reseal or it may break and release the cylinder’s contents. Valve and Regulator Use • Ensure the regulator pressure control valve is relieved (i.e., closed) before attaching it to cylinders. • Close valves on gas cylinders when a system is not in use. • Remove all pressure from regulators not currently used (by opening equipment valves downstream after the regulators are closed). • Use pressure relief valves in downstream lines to prevent high pressure buildup in the event that a regulator valve does not seat properly and a tank valve is left on. • Vent relief valves to a fume hood or ventilated gas cabinet, when using flammable or toxic gases. • Pressurize regulators slowly and ensure that valve outlets and regulators are pointed away from all personnel when cylinder valves are opened. • Leave the wrench in place on the cylinder valve, when needed, to open the main valve. Use adequately sized wrenches (12 inches long) to minimize ergonomic stress when turning tight tank valves. Cylinders with “stuck” valves should be returned to suppliers to have valves repaired. • Fully open valves during cylinder use. A fully open valve