skid steer hydraulic pump problems in stock

The hydraulic pumps on construction equipment are critical components of the machines and even though they are often designed to work under vigorous and intense conditions, no pump will last forever. Discovering a problematic pump can be complicated as the effects might seem to originate in other connected parts, and, if failures are gradual, the cascading effects of a pump failure can spread throughout a machine.

To help in your diagnosis — and with a small dash of preventive maintenance — we’ve put together this basic, short list of common pump problems and their causes.

Not every hydraulic pump on a machine is simple to inspect, but this Volvo main hydraulic pump on a EC220B-LC excavator sits behind a quick access door so an operator can check it often.

A failing hydraulic pump can be a long and subtle process, a sudden and catastrophic calamity, and all shades in-between, but often a perceptive operator will notice the signs of a pump failure in advance. It might take a few minutes of stopping and inspecting, but knowing what to watch for and taking the time to inspect your hydraulic pumps can often pay off in the long run and lead to fast and simple fixes, instead of prolonged and labor-intensive downtimes.

A hydraulic pump is often secured behind a door or guard or integrated deeply into the body of a machine, but taking the time to inspect the pump for the presence of oil (or oil and dirt clumping) can lead to the early discovery of problems. If the issue is simply a loose connection, a quick tightening can often stop a small issue from growing.

Since a hydraulic pump has both seals to prevent fluid from exiting the pump and also fluid from prematurely entering from one chamber to the next, failing seals can be both internal and external. Spotting an exterior leak is, of course, simpler, but being aware of where seals exist inside the pump can also help you diagnose a failing internal seal.

The most frequently noticed indication of a failing pump is often the start of a new sound coming from the hydraulic pump. An experienced operator will often immediately know and recognize a pump that is indicating issues through sounds, but for many it can be harder to pinpoint.

A problem with a pump can cause it to simply become louder in its operations, develop a whining sound, or even create a knocking sound. The sounds can indicate a number of problems, but often the cause is either cavitation or aeration in the pump.

Over long spans of work and under intense conditions, a hydraulic pump will often heat up, but excessive heating is often a sign of internal issues in the hydraulic pump. Checking a hydraulic pump for excess heat should always be done with safety in mind and with a secure machine and proper protective equipment. Periodically ensuring a hydraulic pump isn’t overheating allows an operator to discover if the pump is under undue strain and on a path to failure.

Overheating in a hydraulic pump can also cause fluid to thin, cause internal components to more rapidly degrade, and introduce dangerous working conditions to the machine. Overheating in a pump is both a sign of current trouble and a cause of other growing problems.

Unexpected and non-fluid movement of parts can be caused by issues with the hydraulic pump, but since the culprit can be a number of other parts in the system, diagnosing pump issues from these movements isn’t always simple. Still, if you do notice non-uniform movements in your machine, taking time to rule out the hydraulic pump is important.

A main hydraulic pump, like this one from a Komatsu PC400LC-6 excavator, comes with a working life and will need to be replaced or rebuilt at some time. This one is fresh from an H&R Recon and Rebuild shop and is headed to a customer.

Knowing some of the common causes of hydraulic pump failures is a proven way of proactively discovering developing issues and correcting them before they become disastrous to the pump and the machine.

The internals of a hydraulic pump are designed to work with fluid that meets exacting specifications. When hydraulic fluid is contaminated it can lead to issues developing in the pump, force the pump to work harder, and cause the pump to work erratically. One common culprit for contamination is water, and it can quickly lead to increased corrosion, changes in viscosity that lead to inefficiencies, and the inability to properly regulate heat in the pump.

Other debris, either introduced from outside or from the degradation of internal elements, can also lead to issues in the pump and signal failing seals or other parts.

A hydraulic pump is often containing a high level of pressure and as this pressure exerts force on seals in the pump, the seals can begin to leak or fail. Even minor leaks in seals can lead to loss of fluid and create issues in the system. Leaks can be both external and internal. For an internal leak, fluid will move from one part of the pump to another in unintended ways and force inefficiencies into the pump as it has to work harder to compensate.

While many hydraulic pumps are built to stand up to tough and continuous working conditions, every hydraulic pump is designed with an upper limit. Every time a hydraulic pump is subjected to overpressuring and overloading beyond what the manufacturer has specified, the pump is more prone to damage.

All hydraulic oil has a defined amount of air dissolved in it, but increases to this amount can lead to inefficiencies in the pump and force the pump to work harder or erratically. An increase in air can also happen inside the pump and create similar problems. Even though the pump and hydraulic system have mechanisms in place to regulate air in the system, if excess air is introduced the system should be returned to a balanced system before prolonged use of the pump.

The hydraulic system on a construction equipment machine is designed to work within defined parameters. Operating a machine with too little oil or too much oil for even the briefest amount of time can cause the pump to overwork, lead to increases in working temperatures, or create conditions for non-uniform movement. The exact type of oil used — matched to the machine and the working environment — can also impact how the hydraulic pump operates.

The operator’s guide of your machine will define the hydraulic oil change schedule and adhering to that schedule can extend the life of your hydraulic pump. When oil is changed, take time to examine the spent oil for signs of debris

Keeping a pump on a hard-working machine looking new every day is nearly impossible, but routinely peeling back dirt, grime, and oil can help catch issues early.

No one wants to take a machine out of work for cleaning, but keeping the machine clean and ensuring pumps are not covered in mud, dirt, or other debris can allow them to be inspected more easily and avoid contamination and overheating.

The hydraulic hoses connected to a hydraulic pump can wear out over time and ensuring they are well-maintained can help you avoid the introduction of debris and even catastrophic issues in the case of sudden failures.

If a hydraulic pump fails on your machine, taking time to ensure you properly diagnose why and how the failure occurred will help you avoid repeating the failure with your replacement pump. Even if the pump failed simply from prolonged use and age, taking time to confirm that can lead to insights about how to extend the life of the next pump.

A hydraulic pump on an excavator, wheel loader, dozer, or articulated truck can be an often ignored component of the machine — until it starts to act up and cause issues. If problems have brought a pump to the forefront of your mind, hopefully, this short guide has helped simplify your pump problem solving.

If you find yourself in need of a replacement hydraulic pump, our Parts Specialists are always here to help. As a supplier of new, used, and rebuilt hydraulic pumps and with our deep inventory of parts, our Parts Specialists can often find the perfect solution to get a customer back up and running quickly. Simplify your search and give them a call.

The look and design of a hydraulic pump is customized to fit the machine and the available space. This main hydraulic pump is freshly reconditioned from a Kobelco SK160LC-VI excavator.

Hydraulic pumps come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. This large Volvo main hydraulic pump requires assistive overhead cranes and forklifts to move around the warehouse.

Pumps are the heart of hydraulic systems, and when they quit working, your equipment is dead. That’s why it is so important for you to know the four key signs of an impending pump failure!

Right before a pump completely fails, operators usually notice a loss of power or change in how the machine behaves. For example, the arms on a skid steer loader might not have their normal lifting power or the arm on a compact excavator may behave erratically. The arms on an excavator or a skid steer may be moving much more slowly.

Another bad sign is a pump that suddenly starts making some new noises or exhibiting excessive vibration. That can point to quite a few different causes, from loose set screws to failed bearings.

Another bad sign for pumps is when they start running hotter than normal. That can point to quite a few things, such as contamination in the system or a dirty heat exchanger. It can also point to issues within the pump, too.

Leaks are another bad sign, and when ignored they can lead to a host of problems for your pump. A leak indicates that a seal is wearing out and needs to be replaced -- and this makes sense, because seals will eventually wear out.

If you ignore the leak, then dirt, grit, dust, grease, and moisture can make their way into the pump. This type of contamination will cause the pump components to wear out faster than they should, and lead to clogged filters.

If you see any of these symptoms, then you need to schedule some time to have your pump repaired. The solution might be as simple as replacing a seal or bearing, or it could be a more troubling issue like cavitation. Regardless of the

Many customers having problems with the lift and tilt hydraulics on their skid steer ask “Will a new hydraulic pump fix the problem I am having with my bucket not lifting or tilting?”

- Another hard to find problem happens sometimes to pumps that are directly mounted to the back of drive pump. The gear pumps often have ahole drilled through the mounting flange to allow the drive pump case to drain oil into the gear pump suction. Any air that leaks into the drive pumpcase can then be sucked into the gear pump. Check the drive pump control shaft seals for wetness. This indicates a leak. Also check the gear pump mounting, sometimes people forget to install a mounting o-ring. This can leak air in as well.

­- If not you will need to check and possibly readjust the relief valve setting. Please don’t do this without a gauge or you may end up blowing a hose or pump.

- If lift is stronger at high rpm this indicates internal leakage. The more speed you have the more oil flow you have, this additional flow at high rpm can make up for the internal leakage and mask the problem. You most likely have a bad pump, but before your spend the money on a replacement, let’s check a couple of last items that could also be theproblem.

­There you have it. 99% of the time these simple checks will correctly pinpoint the problem. However the only way to know for sure exactly what condition your pump is in is to hook a flow meter to the outlet and measure the flow under load. This will generally cost you about $100 in shop labor, so at this point you can decide if you want to spend money for a definite diagnosis or just go ahead and replace your pump. If you decide to replace the pump, please check out our pump installation precautions to avoid costly mistakes that others have made.

The pump is probably the component most subject to wear in a hydraulic system, and the one most likely to cause a sudden or gradual failure in the system.

Hydraulic pumps are used in almost every type of production system, from plastic mold injection machines to the common conveyor belt. With proper maintenance, most hydraulic pumps will operate smoothly for years, but eventually, the pressure inside these devices will cause failures that need to be addressed as soon as possible. Below are a few signs you should have your pump taken to a machine shop for repairs.

If your system is suffering from any of these symptoms, then that could be a clear sign that you need to repair, clean, or replace parts of your system. Never let your system run if it’s suffering from any of these problems – they are a real indicator that something is wrong and could result in serious damage to your hydraulics.

Hydraulic pumps are designed to work quietly, but as parts wear down and seals deteriorate, you may begin to notice unusual noises. Banging and knocking sounds usually indicate air in the system or cavitation caused by insufficient pressure, which can have serious consequences if not corrected immediately. In many cases, these problems can be eliminated by identifying the point at which air is entering the system and taking steps to correct it.

Many hydraulic leaks occur inside the machine, with no exterior signs of a malfunction. However, you may notice decreased performance, sudden drops in pressure, or oil on the outside of the pump in the case of exterior leaks. In many cases, tightening or replacing a valve or seal may correct the problem before it leads to system-wide failure.

If your seals continuously leak and fail, your pump may be operating with a bent or misaligned rod. Depending on the extent of the damage, a skilled machine shop may be able to repair your existing equipment, allowing you to get the most out of your equipment and minimizing costs.

We are a full service Hydraulic Contractor. We provide field services to Marine and Industrial customers. We provide shop services including, manufacturing, machining, welding, fabrications, remanufacturing of components, and have years of experience in the repair, replacement, and rebuilding of hydraulic components including hydraulic cylinders, hoses, hydrostatic, pumps, etc.

Whether it"s your construction vehicle or another piece of heavy machinery, the failure of a hydraulic pump can mean the failure of a project. However, before a hydraulic pump fails, it will often give a lot of warning signs first. Don"t ignore these signs of a failing hydraulic pump.

Hydraulic pumps make noise as they operate. You will grow accustomed to whatever noise you hear, which can help when the noises start to change. If you hear unusual noises, you may have a problem. At no time should your hydraulic system create banging or rattling noises.

A major cause of noise is aeration, which is what happens air becomes trapped within the system. Noises can also occur because the pump isn"t getting enough fluid. When there"s a lack of fluid, corrosion can take place which will contaminate the little fluid still in the system.

As that fluid circulates it can cause damage to every part of a hydraulic system. If you"re hearing odd noises from your hydraulic pump, then cease operating your heavy equipment or vehicle. You need to have the pump looked at to determine if you should repair or replace it.

Any leaking of hydraulic fluids should give you some concern. In larger hydraulic equipment, leaking is sometimes considered inevitable. However, when heavy equipment and vehicles show signs of leaking, you should immediately do what you can to mitigate the issue.

A leak that occurs inside or around the pump should prompt you to seek a repair. Equally, if you see signs of leaking outside the vehicle, then you can assume an interior leak has taken a turn for the worse. With a leak, the hydraulic system cannot maintain pressure, which can lead to issues with performance or outright system failure.

Sometimes, the leak doesn"t begin with the pump itself, but rather with a loose seal or a break in a line. Even when this is the case, the leak can lead to poor pump performance. Starting the investigation from the pump can often help to spot an issue with some other hydraulic component.

If your hydraulic system overheats, there"s a good chance a buildup of dirt and debris is causing the issue. Your hydraulic pump will have a hard time dissipating heat if the filters become clogged. The inability to release heat will cause temperatures to rise even higher.

As the heat increases, so does the temperature of the fluid. Hot fluid can weaken seals and degrade a lot faster than it should. Both those outcomes can mean further trouble for your hydraulic pump.

A bad hydraulic pump will lead to poor or sluggish performance. All the aforementioned issues can lead to a hydraulic pump that isn"t performing as it should. Nevertheless, even if you don"t experience any other issues, the drop in performance is a key sign you need to have your hydraulic pump repaired or replaced.

If your equipment depends on a functioning hydraulic system, you must stay diligent about keeping that system healthy. Monitor your hydraulic system and pay attention to any signs that something isn"t working as it should. Routine maintenance of your hydraulic system will help to keep its performance intact while also helping you find potential issues before they become problems.

Often, protecting the viability of your hydraulic pump only requires that you keep up with changing the fluid and replacing smaller components when necessary. You can often save a hydraulic pump with an issue by having it repaired or rebuilt by a professional service.

AtCarolina Hose & Hydraulics, we specialize in high-quality hydraulic components for heavy equipment and vehicles. Contact us for any of your hydraulic pump concerns immediately.

Any time your Bobcat skid steer loader is leaking, there is definitely a problem that needs to be addressed. If you have a leak of hydraulic motor fluid, that is an indication that there may be trouble with either the seals or the bearings. In addition to allowing essential fluids to escape, leaks can also let damaging contaminants inside like sand or grit. These factors together can do a lot of damage quickly to the seals and bearings. If these parts fail, it can result in an expensive total hydraulic motor replacement, so it is imperative that you address leaks immediately. Be sure to make checking for leaks part of your regular Bobcat maintenance.

When a hydraulic system fails, finding the source of the problem can be a challenge. Though hydraulic systems primarily consist of a sump, motor, pump, valves, actuators and hydraulic fluid, any of these parts could be the source of failure. That"s not to mention the additional potential for failure through human error and faulty maintenance practices. If your system fails, you need to know why it fails, how to find the failure and how to keep it running smoothly in the future, all while keeping personnel safe.

It"s often easy to tell when a hydraulic system fails — symptoms can include high temperatures, low pressure readings and slow or erratic operation are glaring problems. But what are the most common causes of hydraulic systems failures? We can trace most hydraulic issues back to a few common causes, listed below.

Air and water contamination are the leading causes of hydraulic failure, accounting for 80 to 90% of hydraulic failures. Faulty pumps, system breaches or temperature issues often cause both types of contamination.

Air contamination is the entrance of air into a hydraulic system and consists of two types — aeration and cavitation. Both can cause severe damage to the hydraulic system over time by wearing down the pump and surrounding components, contaminating hydraulic fluids and even overheating the system. Although we are not pump manufacturers, we know it is essential to be aware of these types of contamination and how to identify their symptoms.

Cavitation:Hydraulic oil consists of about 9% dissolved air, which the pump can pull out and implode, causing pump problems and damage to the pump and to other components in a hydraulic system over time. You can identify this problem if your hydraulic pump is making a whining noise.

Aeration:Aeration occurs when air enters the pump cavity from an outside source. Usually, loose connections or leaks in the system cause this issue. Aeration also creates a sound when the pump is running, which sounds like knocking.

Water contamination is also a common problem in hydraulic systems, often caused by system leaks or condensation due to temperature changes. Water can degrade hydraulic components over time through oxidation and freeze damage. A milky appearance in hydraulic fluid can help you identify water contamination.

Fluid oxidization: Extreme heat can cause hydraulic fluid to oxidize and thicken. This fluid thickening can cause buildups in the system that restrict flow, but can also further reduce the ability of the system to dissipate heat.

Fluid thickening:Low temperatures increase the viscosity of hydraulic oil, making it harder for the oil to reach the pump. Putting systems under load before the oil reaches 70 degrees or more can damage the system through cavitation.

Fluid levels and quality can affect hydraulic system performance. Low fluid levels and inappropriate filtration can result in air contamination, while fluid contamination can cause temperature problems. Leaks can further exacerbate both issues.

Using the correct type of fluid is also essential, as certain hydraulic oils are compatible with specific applications. There are even oil options that offer higher resistance to temperature-related problems. Some oils even offer anti-wear and anti-foam additives to help prevent against wear and air contamination, respectively.

Human error is the base cause of many hydraulic system problems. Some of the most common errors that may result in your hydraulic pump not building pressure include the following.

Faulty installations: Improper installation of any component in a hydraulic system can result in severe errors. For example, the pump shaft may be rotating in the wrong direction, negatively affecting pressure buildup, or pipes may be incorrectly fitted, resulting in leaks.

Incompatible parts: An inexperienced installer may put mismatched components together, resulting in functional failures. For example, a pump may have a motor that runs beyond its maximum drive speed.

Improper maintenance or usage:Using systems outside their operational capabilities or failing to perform regular maintenance are some of the most common causes of hydraulic system damage, but are easy to rectify through updated maintenance policies and training.

The sources of system failures can be tricky to identify, but some hydraulic troubleshooting steps can help narrow down the options. So how do you troubleshoot a hydraulic system? Here are some of the fundamentals.

Check the pump: Take the pump assembly apart and assess all parts to ensure that they are functional and installed correctly. The most common problem areas include the pump shaft, coupling and filter.

Check the fluids:Check the level, color and viscosity of the hydraulic oil to ensure it meets specifications and has not become contaminated. Low hydraulic fluid symptoms include pressure or power loss. When in doubt, drain and replace the fluids.

Check the seals: Look for evidence of any fluid leakage around your hydraulic system"s seals, especially the shaft seal. Leakage can indicate worn-out or blown seals that can cause malfunctions with pumps, motors and control valves.

Check the filters: Ensure filters are clear of plugs and blockages. Common clogged hydraulic filter symptoms include sluggish operation and noisy operation.

Hydraulic system issues are inevitable at some point. However, simple steps can help you avoid these issues and increase the longevity of your hydraulic system. On top of effective troubleshooting, you can prevent hydraulic system failure by taking the following steps.

Follow specifications: We can trace the most common hydraulic system issues back to fundamental system problems like incompatible or improperly installed parts. For this reason, it"s essential to always double-check specifications to ensure your purchased parts can work together seamlessly.

On top of these steps, look into hydraulic system products that are specifically designed to help prevent failures. One such product is Bear-Loc® by York Precision. This innovative locking actuator is a safe, reliable feature for hydraulic components, automatically locking when sleeve pressure is relieved, preventing movement if a hydraulic system fails. This way, your can protect your personnel from injuries related to hydraulic failures. Even better, York Precision offers in-house design, engineering expertise and machining and manufacturing capabilities to produce a hydraulic locking device that meets your exact specifications.

Regularly review hydraulic system maintenance, always following manufacturer recommendations and industry best practices. Also, consider the storage condition, external influences, working pressure and usage frequency of your system to tailor your maintenance schedule and procedures.

Daily tasks:Take care of a few simple daily checks to avoid issues. For example, personnel should check the oil levels, hoses and connections and listen to the pump for abnormal sounds.

Be mindful of location:Do not stand at endpoints while working on hydraulic systems. This safety measure can help prevent loss of limb and life, as there is a lot of pressure built up in these areas that can release and result in life-threatening situations.

The best safety measures, however, are to perform excellent maintenance and use high-quality parts. If you"re looking for a quality hydraulic component manufacturer, York Precision Machining & Hydraulics can help.

The diesel engine isn’t really the heart of a skid steer. When it comes to a heart (the machine’s pumps), a skid steer or track loader actually has three or four hydraulic hearts. These pumps power fluids — compressed oil — to move, spin, lift the boom, curl the bucket and run a zillion different attachments. This set of hydraulic pumps (gear, hydrostatic, tandem, back to back, variable displacement) come in many configurations, brands and power ranges. Over the last decade in particular, the science and technology behind these systems has made them smaller, more efficient and more sophisticated.

“Probably one of the biggest innovations in the last five to 10 years has been the advent of electronically controlled hydraulic systems. We call them EH systems,” explains Nathan Wood, hydraulics system engineer for John Deere Construction and Forestry. “You’re controlling the hydraulic system precisely with electronic signals. It leads to a lot more controllability and a lot more ability to do different types of automated controls and functionalities.”

“Originally the first skid steers were hydrostatic controlled by mechanical linkages,” says Kevin Scotese, product manager of sales support, compact equipment, at Volvo Construction Equipment. “The next step in the evolution was the implementation of pilot controls, and the last step has been in the improvements of electro hydraulic controls, which provide the possibility to customize the feel, speed and responsiveness. Another technology to maximize the power and reduce parasitic losses is the implementation of state-of-the-art closed center load-sensing systems in combination with the variable axial displacement piston pumps.”

Pretty high-tech stuff, eh? Today, fluid power is being used to control everything from the tracks to the attachments to the cooling fan to automated features such as creep mode, return to dig and settable attachment speeds — all built right into the joystick. But as you might expect, skid steer and track loader hydraulic systems have gotten quite complex, and just like any oil system in a machine, it will definitely require routine maintenance, testing and proper seasonal oil.

Well, that all depends on the size and configuration of each skid steer or track loader. Every brand is somewhat similar, but each unit is engineered uniquely. Let’s break the system down into two parts: 1) the hydraulics powering the boom, bucket and auxiliary circuit and 2) the hydrostatics powering the wheels or tracks. The hydraulic system powering the boom, attachment, automation features and even cooling usually uses up to three pumps — a main hydraulic pump, a charge pump, which provides control pressure, cooling and fan power, and if you get the high-flow option, a third high-flow pump. Without that option, there are two.

“For the pumps powering the arm, bucket and auxiliary hydraulics, smaller machines run a gear pump, but on the larger models this is a load-sensing axial variable displacement pump limiting the parasitic losses and providing better power to the loader functions and auxiliary,” says Scotese. “For the auxiliary, high-flow option on the smaller models, an additional gear pump is utilized in tandem to provide the required flow. On larger models, a higher-capacity load sensing axial variable displacement pump is providing the higher flow. Charge pressure and flow for the transmission and hydraulic fan motor is usually provided by a smaller PTO-mounted gear pump.”

When it comes to powering the tracks or wheels, there is a bigger, double-pronged hydrostatic pump that powers the machine’s mobility. There is a hydrostatic pump that provides flow and pressure to one motor on the right-hand side and one motor on the left-hand side. On a skid steer or track loader, it’s usually one tandem pump or back to back, providing dual power to two motors for each set of wheels or tracks.

Manufacturers use lots of different brands of pumps — Danfoss,Turolla, Rexroth, Concentric, Eaton and Parker Hannifin. These pumps combined with the overall hydraulic systems come with three main specifications — system pressure (psi), gallons per minute flow to the attachment (gpm) and overall hydraulic horsepower (which tops off about 100 hp). Each manufacturer will engineer and market those specs differently.

“Starting with the hydrostatic system, the transmission and drives system, pressures are pretty high, upward of 6,000 psi,” explains Woods. “These are heavy-duty components to get the speed and torque you want. When it comes to the hydraulic system, bucket, boom and aux, typically you’re running between 3,000 and 5,000 psi. We run right around the 3,500-psi range. We find that that allows us to use reasonably sized cylinders and boom geometry to get the breakouts we need, while still maintain the speed we require.”

Hydraulic flow to the auxiliary circuit and the attachment will be determined in gpm and as standard- and high-flow configurations. Bobcat’s tiny S70 skid steer uses 9.8 gpm for its standard flow system. The optional high-flow on the Takeuchi TLV12V2 (the biggest track loader on the market) is 40.4 gpm. The price difference between standard and high flow usually falls right around the $3,500 range (5 to 7 percent more), and the high-flow option is usually more common on the largest skid steers and track loaders.

Let’s start off with this ubiquitous warning: It’s very important to review your owner/operator’s manual before attempting to perform any maintenance to the hydraulic system, taking special care to review the safety procedures listed in the manual. With the variety of options available today such as high flow, bucket self-leveling, ride control and hydraulic quick-attach brackets, there may be up to five or six control valves as well as pumps. All of these components are designed with very tight tolerances, which may fall below 0.001 in. Because of this, keeping the hydraulic system clean is critical to the life of these components.

“Keeping the system clean and cool is the No. 1 objective,” explains Wake. “ASV has the largest cooling packages and hydraulic tank capacities in their respective classes. That combined with double and triple filtering assures the oil is kept both clean and cool. Owners can help by following the maintenance guidelines in the machine’s owner’s manual, as well as making sure to clean around the hydraulic cap before removing. Be sure any hose fitting is cleaned before removal, and wipe off quick-coupler ends before hooking attachments to the machine.”

Contamination can enter the system in a variety of ways. Before removing the hydraulic oil reservoir cap, clean the area around it to prevent dirt from entering the tank. If using a bucket, make sure that there is no loose dirt on the lip. While all machines will have at least one hydraulic filter to remove debris from the system, this filter might be in the return side of the hydraulic system. There is a screen inside the tank to prevent large material from getting into the pumps, but it won’t catch small particles. Make sure you look for features from brands that make using and cleaning the hydraulic system easier.

“A very important feature which is standard on Volvo skid steers is the case drain on the auxiliary block and the pressure relieving by simply pushing in the quick-connect couplers on the manifold which simply vents pressurized oil in the main lines to the tank. This is a very well-liked feature to ease the hookup of hydraulic lines,” says Scotese.

In order to further prevent contamination, make sure to follow the OEM’s service interval for hydraulic filter replacement. This may fall anywhere between 500 to 1,000 hours depending on manufacturer and operating conditions. A plugged up hydraulic filter may cause a variety of issues such as loss of speed or power, overheating of the hydraulic oil and damage of components. What type of hydraulic oil should be used in your loader?

Just as important as the type of hydraulic oil used is the amount in the tank. The operator’s manual will show where the level should be within the sight glass and where the boom and bucket should be located while checking the hydraulic oil level. Most machines should be checked on a level surface while having the boom all the way down and the bucket flat on the ground. Hydraulic oil should be checked daily, if not before every time the machine is operated. If the level is low, look around carefully for leaks. Given the dusty and dirty conditions that skid steer loaders and compact track loaders operate in, it is not uncommon for debris to damage the hydraulics and thus affect things like “feeding speed.”

“Brushcutting and cold planing are a couple examples of demanding applications on a hydraulic system,” says Wake. “Both can use 100 percent power at nearly 100 percent of the time. In demanding applications like this, the key to maximum production is feeding speed. Feeding the attachment at a rate to use 100 percent of the power — but not exceeding it to the point the engine bogs, the attachment slows greatly or the attachment stops — will give the most production with the least demand on the machine and operator. A feed pace with the engine pulling a few hundred rpm off peak, tends to be the sweet spot.”

The accumulation of debris from an application like brush cutting can harm the hydraulic cooler. The oil cooler might use engine coolant or outside air to cool the oil. It is vital that the oil remain within the acceptable operating temperature range. Make sure the oil cooler is free of debris and the cooling fins are fairly straight. “John Deere has an electronically controlled hydraulic fan that can vary the speed based on the required cooling,” says Wood. “It’ll also automatically reverse at a set interval to expel the debris built up on the coolers to help limit the number of times you actually have to physically clean out the cooling package.”

Another common way for contamination to enter the hydraulic system is by using hydraulically powered attachments. Before connecting any of the auxiliary hoses, be sure to wipe off the connectors to get rid of any water, dust or other debris. If an attachment was used on a loader that had a hydraulic failure and spread contamination into the attachment, that contamination may enter the next machine it’s connected to.

“That’s probably one of the more concerning things,” says Gregg Zupancic, product marketing manager of skid steers and compact track loaders with John Deere Construction and Forestry. “When you rent attachments, the question is: Who rented that machine last, and what types of materials are in their hydraulic systems and sitting in that attachment unused for a long period of time? That’s why you do things like hydraulic fluid sampling.”

The Cool Flow hydraulic oil cooler from Loftness Specialized Equipment greatly reduces the risk of overheating in skid steers and hydraulically powered attachments when operating in demanding applications and hot work environments. The automatic thermostat-controlled fan provides adequate cooling to the system whenever needed to boost machine efficiency, even when an attachment is not being used. Unlike most other hydraulic coolers that are mounted near the attachment, the Cool Flow attaches to the roof of a skid steer cab where it is less susceptible to vibration, back pressure, debris and potential impact damage. It is specially engineered to allow full hydraulic flow to the attachment in either direction without risk of damage to the cooler. The Cool Flow has up to 40-gpm flow capacity and is compatible with all brands of skid steers.Concentric, Danfoss, Eaton, home, John Deere, March 2016 Print Issue, Parker Hannifin, Rexroth, Turolla, Volvo Construction Equipment

Cat skid steer hydraulics not working solutions are not very common, sometimes they can be quite pricey to fix. There are a few things that can cause this problem. This article will attempt to solve common problems like the one you have now and some more minor problems. It won’t give you a guaranteed fix for your problem but I will share with you some solutions that have worked for me in the past.

A Cat Skid Steer is a machine that helps farmers with their farm equipment. It has a set of tracks that allow it to move along the ground, and it can also move along a skid plate. This machine helps farmers with things like moving their tractor around, and it is also used for things like harvesting crops.

One of the problems that people have with their Cat Skid Steers is that they may not be working correctly. There are a few possible solutions to this problem, and it all depends on the specific situation.

A cat skid steer is an agricultural machine that helps farmers to move large loads of crops or livestock. It works by using hydraulics to move the loader’s weight while the tractor skids on the ground. This allows the machine to move over obstacles and around corners with ease. It’s a great machine to use on the farm, and if you want to buy a skid steer, here are some tips that will help you.

A good skid steer for sale should be well built. You want to look for one that has been well made as it will last for years. It should also be easy to operate so that you can do it without any problems. If it’s too complicated, then you won’t be using it regularly and this will lead to a lot of maintenance.

One common symptom of a low hydraulic fluid level is that the skid steer will not move. A few common solutions to this problem are to check the fluid level and top off as necessary, or replace the hydraulic system altogether. true 6. The Hydraulic pump is not working properly. If the skid steer consistently stalls, the hydraulic pump may be bad or need to be replaced.

If your cat hydraulic system is not working, there are a few solutions you can try. First, check to see if the system is kinked or bent. If it is, you can have a professional repair the system. If the system does not appear to be kinked or bent, then you may be able to fix the problem yourself. Here are some tips on how to fix a cat hydraulic leak:

1. Check for clogs and debris in the lines. This is a common cause of hydraulic leaks. Remove any clogs or debris that you find using a plunger or a snake.

5. Replace the pump and motor if you have a leak. The most common place to find oil leaks is at the corners of the impeller, so inspect these areas first.

7. Water damage is another frequent cause of failed systems, so look for signs of water damage, such as rust in the pump housing and hoses, which are exposed to water when the system is not running.

Cat skid steer hydraulic systems have been known to break down over time. If the hydraulic system is not working properly, there are a few solutions that may work. One solution is to try and determine the cause of the problem and fix it accordingly. Another solution is to replace the hydraulic system.

There are a number of possible causes for a cat skid steer mechanical system not working. Below are some solutions to common problems. If the problem is not listed, please contact your Cat dealer for assistance.

If your cat skid steer is not working, there are a few steps you can take to troubleshoot and fix the problem. Here are some common electrical problems and solutions:

2. Check the wiring – Make sure all of the wires are connected properly and that they are not twisted or damaged. Damaged wiring can cause problems with the engine and control system.

3. Test the engine – Turn on the engine and check for any errors or malfunctions in the engine. If there are problems, your cat skid steer may need to be repaired or replaced.

If your cat engine is not working, there are a few solutions that you may try. One common problem with cat engines is the hydraulic system. If this system is not working correctly, it can cause the engine to not start or run properly. Here are some common problems and solutions for cat engines that are not working due to a failing hydraulic system.

1. Check the fluid levels – Make sure the hydraulic fluid is at the correct level and that the skid steer is getting enough of it. Make sure the hoses aren’t kinked or twisted.

If your Cat skid steer hydraulic quick attach isn’t working, there are a few solutions you can try. If it’s not, you can try tightening the nut on the end of the pin or using a wrench to twist it. If that still doesn’t work, you may need to replace the quick attach.

Solution 1: Check the hydraulic fluid levels. Ensure that there is enough hydraulic fluid in the system. If there is not enough hydraulic fluid, add more until the skid steer maneuvers as desired.

Solution 3: Try different attachments. If attaching the skid steer to a different type of linkage is not working, try attaching it to a cable instead of a chain.

Are you having trouble activating your cat skid steer auxiliary hydraulics? Don’t worry, we’ve got a solution for you. Here are some tips to help activate your cat skid steer hydraulics:

1. Check the fluid level. Make sure the hydraulic fluid is full and at the correct level by checking the dipstick or reservoir. If the fluid is low or empty, add more using a syringe or pump.

2. Clean the area around the hydraulic lines. Use a degreaser or brake cleaner to clean away any dirt, grease, or debris that may be blocking the hydraulic lines.

5. Try activating your cat skid steer auxiliary hydraulics again. If everything appears to be working properly, you can skip to step 6 below. If not, continue on to step 6 below to find out how to fix your cat skid steer hydraulic issues.

6. Check the hydraulic oil level in your cat skid steer auxiliary hydraulic system. If the oil is low, you can add a few drops of oil to top it off. Make sure the oil level does not drop below the fill line on your reservoir cap.

The first solution is to check the fluid levels in the hydraulic system. Make sure that the fluid levels are correct and that the hoses are connected properly. If the fluid levels are low, you may need to add more fluid to the system.

If the hydraulic system is not working at all, you may need to replace the machine. This is a more complex repair that should only be attempted by a qualified mechanic.

If your cat skid steer hydraulics are not working, there are a few solutions that you can try. One solution is to check the fluid levels in the hydraulic system. Make sure that the reservoir is full and that there is no water seeping into the system. Another solution is to clean out any debris or clumps that may have formed in the hydraulic lines. Finally, if all else fails, you can have a technician come out and look at the system.

Check that the pump shaft is rotating. Even though coupling guards and C-face mounts can make this difficult to confirm, it is important to establish if your pump shaft is rotating. If it isn’t, this could be an indication of a more severe issue, and this should be investigated immediately.

Check the oil level. This one tends to be the more obvious check, as it is often one of the only factors inspected before the pump is changed. The oil level should be three inches above the pump suction. Otherwise, a vortex can form in the reservoir, allowing air into the pump.

What does the pump sound like when it is operating normally? Vane pumps generally are quieter than piston and gear pumps. If the pump has a high-pitched whining sound, it most likely is cavitating. If it has a knocking sound, like marbles rattling around, then aeration is the likely cause.

Cavitation is the formation and collapse of air cavities in the liquid. When the pump cannot get the total volume of oil it needs, cavitation occurs. Hydraulic oil contains approximately nine percent dissolved air. When the pump does not receive adequate oil volume at its suction port, high vacuum pressure occurs.

This dissolved air is pulled out of the oil on the suction side and then collapses or implodes on the pressure side. The implosions produce a very steady, high-pitched sound. As the air bubbles collapse, the inside of the pump is damaged.

While cavitation is a devastating development, with proper preventative maintenance practices and a quality monitoring system, early detection and deterrence remain attainable goals. UE System’s UltraTrak 850S CD pump cavitation sensor is a Smart Analog Sensor designed and optimized to detect cavitation on pumps earlier by measuring the ultrasound produced as cavitation starts to develop early-onset bubbles in the pump. By continuously monitoring the impact caused by cavitation, the system provides a simple, single value to trend and alert when cavitation is occurring.

The oil viscosity is too high. Low oil temperature increases the oil viscosity, making it harder for the oil to reach the pump. Most hydraulic systems should not be started with the oil any colder than 40°F and should not be put under load until the oil is at least 70°F.

Many reservoirs do not have heaters, particularly in the South. Even when heaters are available, they are often disconnected. While the damage may not be immediate, if a pump is continually started up when the oil is too cold, the pump will fail prematurely.

The suction filter or strainer is contaminated. A strainer is typically 74 or 149 microns in size and is used to keep “large” particles out of the pump. The strainer may be located inside or outside the reservoir. Strainers located inside the reservoir are out of sight and out of mind. Many times, maintenance personnel are not even aware that there is a strainer in the reservoir.

The suction strainer should be removed from the line or reservoir and cleaned a minimum of once a year. Years ago, a plant sought out help to troubleshoot a system that had already had five pumps changed within a single week. Upon closer inspection, it was discovered that the breather cap was missing, allowing dirty air to flow directly into the reservoir.

A check of the hydraulic schematic showed a strainer in the suction line inside the tank. When the strainer was removed, a shop rag was found wrapped around the screen mesh. Apparently, someone had used the rag to plug the breather cap opening, and it had then fallen into the tank. Contamination can come from a variety of different sources, so it pays to be vigilant and responsible with our practices and reliability measures.

The electric motor is driving the hydraulic pump at a speed that is higher than the pump’s rating. All pumps have a recommended maximum drive speed. If the speed is too high, a higher volume of oil will be needed at the suction port.

Due to the size of the suction port, adequate oil cannot fill the suction cavity in the pump, resulting in cavitation. Although this rarely happens, some pumps are rated at a maximum drive speed of 1,200 revolutions per minute (RPM), while others have a maximum speed of 3,600 RPM. The drive speed should be checked any time a pump is replaced with a different brand or model.

Every one of these devastating causes of cavitation threatens to cause major, irreversible damage to your equipment. Therefore, it’s not only critical to have proper, proactive practices in place, but also a monitoring system that can continuously protect your valuable assets, such as UE System’s UltraTrak 850S CD pump cavitation senor. These sensors regularly monitor the health of your pumps and alert you immediately if cavitation symptoms are present, allowing you to take corrective action before it’s too late.

Aeration is sometimes known as pseudo cavitation because air is entering the pump suction cavity. However, the causes of aeration are entirely different than that of cavitation. While cavitation pulls air out of the oil, aeration is the result of outside air entering the pump’s suction line.

Several factors can cause aeration, including an air leak in the suction line. This could be in the form of a loose connection, a cracked line, or an improper fitting seal. One method of finding the leak is to squirt oil around the suction line fittings. The fluid will be momentarily drawn into the suction line, and the knocking sound inside the pump will stop for a short period of time once the airflow path is found.

A bad shaft seal can also cause aeration if the system is supplied by one or more fixed displacement pumps. Oil that bypasses inside a fixed displacement pump is ported back to the suction port. If the shaft seal is worn or damaged, air can flow through the seal and into the pump’s suction cavity.

As mentioned previously, if the oil level is too low, oil can enter the suction line and flow into the pump. Therefore, always check the oil level with all cylinders in the retracted position.

If a new pump is installed and pressure will not build, the shaft may be rotating in the wrong direction. Some gear pumps can be rotated in either direction, but most have an arrow on the housing indicating the direction of rotation, as depicted in Figure 2.

Pump rotation should always be viewed from the shaft end. If the pump is rotated in the wrong direction, adequate fluid will not fill the suction port due to the pump’s internal design.

A fixed displacement pump delivers a constant volume of oil for a given shaft speed. A relief valve must be included downstream of the pump to limit the maximum pressure in the system.

After the visual and sound checks are made, the next step is to determine whether you have a volume or pressure problem. If the pressure will not build to the desired level, isolate the pump and relief valve from the system. This can be done by closing a valve, plugging the line downstream, or blocking the relief valve. If the pressure builds when this is done, there is a component downstream of the isolation point that is bypassing. If the pressure does not build up, the pump or relief valve is bad.

If the system is operating at a slower speed, a volume problem exists. Pumps wear over time, which results in less oil being delivered. While a flow meter can be installed in the pump’s outlet line, this is not always practical, as the proper fittings and adapters may not be available. To determine if the pump is badly worn and bypassing, first check the current to the electric motor. If possible, this test should be made when the pump is new to establish a reference. Electric motor horsepower is relative to the hydraulic horsepower required by the system.

For example, if a 50-GPM pump is used and the maximum pressure is 1,500 psi, a 50-hp motor will be required. If the pump is delivering less oil than when it was new, the current to drive the pump will drop. A 230-volt, 50-hp motor has an average full load rating of 130 amps. If the amperage is considerably lower, the pump is most likely bypassing and should be changed.

Figure 4.To isolate a fixed displacement pump and relief valve from the system, close a valve or plug the line downstream (left). If pressure builds, a component downstream of the isolation point is bypassing (right).

The most common type of variable displacement pump is the pressure-compensating design. The compensator setting limits the maximum pressure at the pump’s outlet port. The pump should be isolated as described for the fixed displacement pump.

If pressure does not build up, the relief valve or pump compensator may be bad. Prior to checking either component, perform the necessary lockout procedures and verify that the pressure at the outlet port is zero psi. The relief valve and compensator can then be taken apart and checked for contamination, wear, and broken springs.

Install a flow meter in the case drain line and check the flow rate. Most variable displacement pumps bypass one to three percent of the maximum pump volume through the case drain line. If the flow rate reaches 10 percent, the pump should be changed. Permanently installing a flow meter in the case drain line is an excellent reliability and troubleshooting tool.

Ensure the compensator is 200 psi above the maximum load pressure. If set too low, the compensator spool will shift and start reducing the pump volume when the system is calling for maximum volume.

Performing these recommended tests should help you make good decisions about the condition of your pumps or the cause of pump failures. If you change a pump, have a reason for changing it. Don’t just do it because you have a spare one in stock.

Conduct a reliability assessment on each of your hydraulic systems so when an issue occurs, you will have current pressure and temperature readings to consult.

Al Smiley is the president of GPM Hydraulic Consulting Inc., located in Monroe, Georgia. Since 1994, GPM has provided hydraulic training, consulting and reliability assessments to companies in t...

Things like restrictions and blockages can impede the flow of fluid to your pump. which could contribute to poor fluid flow. Air leak in suction line. Air present in the pump at startup. Insufficient supply of oil in pump. Clogged or dirty fluid filters. Clogged inlet lines or hoses. Blocked reservoir breather vent. Low oil in the reservoir

Now that we’ve ensured that the directional control is not reversed, it’s time to check that the drive motor itself is turning in the right direction. Sometimes incorrect installation leads to mismatched pipe routings between control valves and motors, which can reverse the direction of flow. Check to see that the motor is turning the pump in the right direction and if not - look at your piping.

Check to ensure that your pump drive motor is turning over and is developing the required speed and torque. In some cases, misalignment can cause binding of the drive shaft, which can prevent the motor from turning. If this is the case, correct the misalignment and inspect the motor for damage. If required, overhaul or replace motor.

Check to ensure the pump to motor coupling is undamaged. A sheared pump coupling is an obvious cause of failure, however the location of some pumps within hydraulic systems makes this difficult to check so it may go overlooked

It is possible that the entire flow could be passing over the relief valve, preventing the pressure from developing. Check that the relief valve is adjusted properly for the pump specifications and the application.

Seized bearings, or pump shafts and other internal damage may prevent the pump from operating all together. If everything else checks out, uncouple the pump and motor and check to see that the pump shaft is able to turn. If not, overhaul or replace the pump.

If your pump is having problems developing sufficient power, following this checklist will help you to pinpoint the problem. In some cases you may find a simple solution is the answer. If your pump is exhibiting any other issues such as noise problems, heat problems or flow problems, you may need to do some more investigation to address the root cause of your pump problem. To help, we’ve created a downloadable troubleshooting guide containing more information about each of these issues. So that you can keep your system up and running and avoid unplanned downtime. Download it here.

When a hydraulic cylinder system works optimally, pressure, power, and overall productivity work concurrently without issue. Whereas when a system falters and show increased operational issues such as high temperatures or excessive vibration, troubleshooting the problem can often create additional headaches beyond the system failure itself.

Due to the inherent structure of a hydraulic system, troubleshooting is a fundamental step that can help pinpoint the problem and get your hydraulic system back on track. A thorough assessment might take longer than expected, but it can also help find the root of the hydraulic system failure to ensure all parts of the system have been properly evaluated and operationally sound.

Having multiple parts within a hydraulic system, finding the cause of the system failure often means assessing all parts that could potentially cause failure. Causes of hydraulic system failure include:

Slow Operation.Common causes of slow operating hydraulic systems include thickened fluids, air trapped in the hydraulic system, and worn out hydraulic components.

One of the easiest ways of troubleshooting an inefficient hydraulic system is to divide the system into 2 categories: volume or pressure. From there, you can identify the problem and fix the issue. Basic troubleshooting procedures can include:

Preventing a hydraulic system failure can mean keeping your mobile equipment up and running efficiently. While some system failures are unavoidable, one of the biggest ways to prevent a complete system failure is to implement a maintenance schedule. Taking the time for maintenance can provide peace of mind, in addition, to also potentially helping you detect issues before they spiral out of control.

Troubleshooting hydraulic system failures can be a time-consuming process. Just when you think you have found the root of the problem, it is entirely possible that another problem presents itself.  Decrease your downtime and contact the hydraulic system experts at Hydraulic Cylinders Inc. today.

A weak charge pump can make it seem like you"ve got problems with your final drive motors. That means you could replace your drive motors and not see any change in their performance. And to complicate things further, a weak charge pump that is ignored can lead to irreparable damage to your brake assembly. So what is a charge pump and how does it affect your final drives?

When the charge pump starts to go out, it won"t have enough pressure and force to release the brakes on your drive motors. In the beginning, the brake disc packwill be the first component to be damaged. If ignored, the final drive brake assembly can be seriously damaged leading to costly repairs. Eventually, the final drive motor itself can be affected and suffer damage.

Of course, these symptoms can also be related to other issues (e.g., aleaking brake seal, worn out bearings). However, before sending your final drive motor in for repairs, its a good idea to check out the condition of the charge pump.

If you don"t have a service manual for your machine, find a copy or borrow one. Go to the section that talks about pump/charge pump -- it may be under hydraulic charge pump pressure. This section will have the information on how to check the pressure. And it well tell you what the pressure readings should be if the charge pump is working correctly. Based on the results you get from testing, you can determine whether your problem is the charge pump or the final drive(s). Another quick test you can run is to check the pressure on both the brake lines. If they aren"t the same, then the problem likely the charge pump.

Charge pumps can affect the performance of your final drives, and can even cause damage if they don"t have the pressure and flow needed to release the brakes on your motors. If you have any questions about charge pumps and how to tell if they are the source of your problems, you can give us a call at 877-751-1854.

Both the poppet and the seat of the relief valves were inspected. Further investigation revealed that the real problem was the relief valves. The relief valves (there are four in the pump) were popping where they shouldn’t be popping, but also jammed where they shouldn’t be. They became the main suspect in what was causing the loss of pressure in the hydrostatic pump.

The pump itself only required repairs, and did not need to be replace