mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

Tired of changing mud pump pistons? We have your solution. The TD will work in all types of drilling mud including oil based, synthetic and water based. It was specifically designed to work in applications where water based mud is used or in situations where WBM is used on the top side & OBM is used on the bottom end. This eliminates the need for changing the piston midway through the drilling program. The “TD” or “Total Depth” name reflects our commitment to make a single piston that will last from “spud” to “TD”. This piston has been engineered with a unique friction reducing material bonded into the urethane of the sealing lip. Because the TD is built to withstand friction in the liner, wear on your parts is minimized and savings is maximized. The Patriot™ TD is also designed to meet pressures of 7500 psi as well as temperatures up to 220 degrees.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

Manufactured 1998, 1602 hours, 4" plungers with hydraulic charge pump, Detroit Series 50 (rebuilt), 5 speed, Skid mounted with fuel tank, Rebuilt expendables with seals, valves, seats, packings and gaskets.  Price:  $72,500

Complete without traction motors.  9” bore x 15” stroke, single acting, working pressure up to 7500 psi, (3) interchangeable forged steel fluid end modules with separate suction and discharge sections, Premium grade fluid end expendables with 6-1/2” pistons and liners, suction manifold with (3) 12” flanged inlets, SD8 suction desurger, pressure manifold with (2) 5-1/8” 10,000# API flanged outlets, liner wash system, 1 x 1-1/2” mission centrifugal pump p/b 3 hp electric motor, external power end lubrication pump, steel skid, suction line pressure relief valve, set of standard service tools  Price:  $675,000

CENTERLINE 7-1/2 X 10 MUD PUMP(Ref#14556Tb)  high pressure, no engine, needs retaining liner cage and (1) side suction manifold needs replacing, unmounted  Price:  $39,500

3 available in India. 1600 HP, rated pump speed 140 strokes per minute, maximum fluid cylinder liner bore 6-3/4", stroke 10", 10,000 PSI hydrostatic pressure of standard cylinder. 2.853 ratio of gears. 10" suction connection, 6" discharge connection. Valve pot mod .7., steel fluid ends, 5,000 psi pulsation dampener. Oilfield skid mounted. Performance Data: at 120 strokes per minute with 6-3/4" liners, pump will produce 4305 PSI and 574gpm. Set up for electric power. Dimensions and weight: 84,000 lbs, 209"L x 113"W x 75"H. Built 1976. Located India, removed from offshore drilling rig. Price: $75,000 each

approx. 7000 hours, Cat 3512C (1476 hp), 5000 psi fluid end cylinder, 5-1/2" piston cylinder, antifreeze heaters, WPT W21-CG-300 Type 1 PTO clutch, 16 grooove drive sheave, 16 groove bullwheel, 16 groove Kevlar belt with necessary guards, 5 x 6 x 11 charge pump c/w 50 hp@1200 rpm electric motor.  Discharge plumbing: 2" 5M XXH B/W Oteco gate valve, 4" 5M XXH b/w Oteco gate valve, 3" 5M Oteco popoff valve w/1502 connection, 2" 5M type D Oteco mud gauge with 1502 connection, Hydril 20 gal 5M pulsation damper.  Mounted on oilfield skid with separate, with expendables cabinet, knowledge box and removable engine skid for breaking the engine and pump into separate smaller loads.  Winterization package, oilfield lighting, explosion proof starters for charge pump, rod oiler pump and liner wash pumps.  Price:  $695,000 - Make Offer

Two Available, each complete with Cat 3508 diesel engines, pulsation dampener, and mud tanks with desander, desilter, etc.  Price for Package:  $110,000

Cat 3408 engine air start with pump drive and belt guard, PD55 Hydril dampener, 750 gallon fuel tank, mounted on heavy duty drop deck tandem trailer,  low hours  Price:  $87,500

14" stroke, 2" rod size, 400 hp, 75 strokes per minute, cast fluid ends, unitized on oilfield skid with Cat 3406 diesel engines, air start, new filters, oil and coolant, air receiver on deck, fluorescent lighting, drive belts with air clutch.  Gone over and in good operating condition, ready to be put into service.  Pumps currently have new 6" liners with production being 480 gpm @ 1000 psi.  All fluid end parts are brand new and never used, including the valves, gears, liners, pistons, rods, head gasket, and rod packing, equipped with pulsation dampener.  32" long x 11" wide x 7" high 50,000# weight

Manufactured 1996, new condition of gear and fluid ends, no engine, new 4" liners, new pistons, new chrome rods, new valves, new liner studs in head, new suction flange and gasket, new 2" steel discharge flange  Price:  $13,500

GARDNER DENVER TEE MUD PUMP(Ref#6440T)  New, unused, manufactured 2014, 4 available, bare pumps  Price:  $39,500 each  New Cat C7 engines available at additional cost

Pump only.  5" stroke, 300 hp, steel billet fluid end, 2-3/4" ceramic plungers, Delrim disc valves, 838 packing, 6" RF suction connection, 3" RTJ discharge connection, 231 gpm max, 2020 psi, max 360 rpm  Price:  $82,500

Two available, rebuilt, cast ductile iron fluid ends, used for oil service, bare pumps, no engines, unmounted, one is flanged for suction/discharge, one is threaded  Price:  $20,000 each

Cummins 150 hp reconditioned engine with snap-in clutch, 90 gal diesel tank with lock cap, Dayton oiler pump system and tank, 4” suction hose and winch boom, 4’ back up drill pipe bumper guard, front and rear loading hitches, epoxy primer and enamel paint, 44” bull wheel with power band belt, large belt guard Price: $82,500

5 x 8, drive shaft included, new gears and bearings 2019, new pistons and piston sleeves 2021, new valve rubber inserts and valve cup gaskets 2022, very good condition  Price:  $18,500

Detroit 671 engine with Snap-In clutch (Gen Set approx. 1500 hours),  replaced fluid end parts with 4” liners,  mounted on 8’ x 12’ trailer with adjustable pintle and DOT lighting, 75 gal diesel tank with lock cap, Dayton oiler pump system and tank, 4” suction hose and winch boom, epoxy primer and enamel paint, 44” bull wheel with power band belt, large belt guard, 2’ x 2’ x 5’ lockable HD toolbox, mouting beams and steel/bolts  Price:  $41,500

8" x 17" base (mud boat), John Deere 145 hp reconditioned engine with WPI snap in clutch, 90 gal diesel tank, Dayton oiler pump system and tank, 4" suction hose and winch boom, 4" backup drill pipe bumper guard, front and rear loading hitches, 42" bull wheel with power band belt, belt guard  Price:  $99,000 PRICE REDUCED:  $73,500

16” stroke, 500 hp, ductile iron fluid end, Cat D353 diesel engine with radiator, 640 hp, 1300 rpm, inline 6 cylinder, 4 stroke, 6-1/4” bore x 8” stroke, (1473 in3) displacement, turbo charged (air to air aftercooled) aspiration, capable of 268 gpm @ 2720 psi with 4-3/4” pistons or 751 gpm @ 970 psi with 7-1/2” pistons.  Price:  $37,500

3 available, overhauled by National Oilwell (ready in 2-3 weeks after purchase), 1600 hp @ 120 stroke per minute, 12” stroke, 5000 psi, skid mounted, GE Amerimex 752 traction motors, new liners, seats, valves and pistons  Price:  $295,000 each

750 hp, 8" stroke, 6" suction inlet, 4" discharge outlet, piston size 4-1/2" - 7",  max rod load 85,000#, approx. weight 11,500#, lubrication force fed, steel pump power end, double helical gears, 4.95:1 gear ratio, rod bearings sheel type replaceable, main bearings straight roler, pinion bearings spherical roller, crankshaft 1pc forged alloy steel, connecting rod knuckle joint, crosshead guide bronze replaceable, piston type fluid end Monoblock design, from high strength alloy steel, treated and sonic tested, Cat D379 diesel engine, 500 HP max linear bore size 3-1/2 - 6-1/4 x 7-3/4" stroke, test pressure 10,000 psi, gear ratio 2.742.8" suction line to 4 discharge stroke, location South America  Price:  $110,000

Two available, Skidded, Detroit Series 60 diesel engine DDEC V (475 hp), Allison 750 (6-speed) transmission with lock up control pane, Mission 4 x 5 centrifugal suction pump, 4” plungers, pulsation dampener, pressure gauge, safety valve, 10,000 psi fluid end, 5000 psi working pressure, NOV plug valve control manifold (4-valve) configured for 15k operation.  Can be configured to kill wells, acidize, cement, reverse circulate, drill out frac plugs or run in tandem.  Self-contained with fuel and fluid tanks and controls.  Steel canopy over skids, covered battery boxes, new batteries and disconnect switches.  Well maintained and in excellent condition.  Low hours on pumps and motors.  Ready to work.  Price:  $154,500 each

700 HP, 14" stroke, cast iron fluid end, surge chamber, 285 gpm @ 3550 psi with 5" pistons or 805 gpm @ 1265 psi with 8" pistons, mounted on skid 10" x 23" with enclosure, sold as is  Price:  $27,500

1600 hp, 12" stroke, 5000 psi, pulsation dampeners, pop off pressure release valve, pump pressure gauge, forged discharge manifold, overhead track for chain hoist, mounted on shipping skid, line washer pump, 6" liners, overall size:  192 x 128 x 105-3/4", inspection report available  Price:  $137,500

14 liter Detroit Diesel, 6061 Allison automatic transmission, rebuilt power end, new expendables in fluid end, new charge pump, skid, tanks, Pilfer 5 valve manifold, 15k fluid end, new paint  Price:  $215,000

Manufactured 1999, 1000 gal holding tank, (2) 3 x 4 Mission Magnum pumps with mechanical seals, MC255-2C mud cleaner, sand guzzler, Versa-drill rig jacks, Perkisn engine, spare hyd pump and filters, well maintained, ready to work  Price:  $59,500PRICE REDUCED: $49,500

Mounted on 12K GVRW trailer, hydraulic powered spool with approximately 500 of 2” hose, internally routed power and safety cable, 7.5 HP pump and motor, Whisper Watt 25kva 3-phase diesel generator with approx. 3100 hours  Price:  $45,000

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

We provide oilfield spares and spare parts for many major U.S. manufacturers and equipment, including: Airesearch, Elliott, Emerson Process, Continental Emsco Mud Pumps, Gardner Denver Triplex Pumps, Gaso Mud Pumps , Garrett, Harrisburg , Centrifugal Pump, Honeywell, Mission Centrifugal mud pumps, Mud Pump Expendables, National Mud Pump , NOV, Pratt & Whitney, Trico, Rosemount Analytical, Union Pump, Varco, Veritrak, Web Wilson, Wilson Snyder, Wheatley Mud Pumps, and Westinghouse Transmitters and obsolete and hard to source items.

From annular blowout preventer’s parts to RAM BOPs, from mud pump parts to Drawworks spares our goal is to provide our customers with the best quality and value in aftermarket, OEM, and reverse engineered replacement parts for such commodities as oil field equipment, refineries, and pipelines.

Mud Pump Spares; Mud Pump Consumables - "L" Modules - We sell high quality mud pumps spares, mud pump parts, and mud pump expendables including; mud pump liners and mud pumps pistons. They are competitively priced and have an outstanding service life. Manufactures include; Brewster, Continental Emsco, Ellis Williams, Gaso, Gardner Denver, IDECO, National, Oilwell, OPI, Wheatley, and Wilson.

Mission type mud pump liners. We are one of the few companies worldwide specializing in; and stocking “Mission” type high temperature mud pump liners. Our "Mission" type liners are formulated with two rare metals not found in common everyday liners. All of our "Mission" type mud pump liners include the seal ring and are individually packed for immediate export, offshore or domestic oilfield use. Manufactured to OEM specifications, our Mission type Discharge Module and Mission type Suction Module come complete with studs and nuts installed.

Titan Oil Tools is major supplier of expendables for mud pumps. We stock pistons, seats, valves for popular brand duplex mud pump parts and triplex mud pump parts. Call us for all your mud pump expendables.

We supply Wheatley mud pump parts, Ideco mud pump parts, Emsco mud pump spares and Gardner Denver mud pump parts and many more manufacturers. Call us for quality and the best prices.

We supply quality swabbing equipment which may include the swabbing assembly, shut-off valve on the well, also called a swabbing valve and also the lubricator. Parts may include Guiberson style oil tools replacement parts under the Titan name. Titan brand has equal specifications to Guiberson oil tools and is made in the USA. We can provide replacements for Guiberson Rope Sockets, Guiberson Hydraulic Oil Savers, Guiberson Safety Tools, Guiberson Sinker Bars, and Guiberson Tubular Jars.

We provide Guiberson type swab cups, with equivillent specs as Guiberson Casing Swab Cups, Type J Guiberson Swab Cups, HPR Guiberson Swab Cups, Knuckle Joint Casing Swab, Casing Swab Mandrel, Tubing Swab Mandrels, and much more. Please call us for specifics.

Downhole tools for high-performance torque reduction and hole enlargement. These tools also will provide a major resistance reduction. Call us for genuine GE drilling motors, motor optimizers, mud motors, shock subs, drilling jars, downhole tool data loggers and more.

OIlfield supply parts include: Hydraulic gate valves, hydraulic check valves, blowout preventer parts, BOP parts, mud pump parts, mud pump spares, drawworks parts, drawworks tubing drum, drawworks bearings, drawworks seals.

Need Shaffer BOP parts or USA equivalents, then call Titan Oil Tools. If we do not have what you need in stock we will get it for your Shaffer LWS BOP parts quickly. Buy seal kits, sealing parts, rings, pistons and more for Shaffer LWS BOP.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

A mud pump is a reciprocating piston device designed to circulate drilling fluid under high pressure. RS-240 triplex single-acting piston pump is a horizontal, triplex, single acting reciprocation piston pump which is reliable, agile and simple for operation. It can be driven by diesel engine, electric motor or hydraulic motor. RS-240 triplex single-acting piston pump is characterized by compact structure, smooth running, large-scale variable rates of flow, high output pressure, long service life and so on.

As a well-known global mud pump manufacturer, we provide all kinds of mud pump to meet the needs of different construction demands. RS-240 triplex single-acting piston pump provides 4 different discharge pressure, and it is mainly used to match horizontal directional pipe laying drilling machine. The pump can meet the needs of construction for water well and earth heat, superficial layer oil drilling and mine drainage.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

For the successful execution of your projects, it is important to find an appropriate company with a good track record. We help you in connecting with the top mud pump manufacturers and companies and get the best quotation.

The most widely used mud pumps across the industry are Triplex Reciprocating Pumps. Their application has gained immense popularity with time because they are 30% lighter than duplex reciprocating pumps with relatively less operational cost. Moreover, through these pumps the discharge of mud is smooth and they are capable of moving large volume of mud at higher pressure.

Yes. We help you find the best mud pumps irrespective of your location. We simplify your search by connecting you with top mud pump manufacturers and mud pump companies in your location, according to your budget and business requirement.

The most widely used mud pumps across the industry are Triplex Reciprocating Pumps. Their application has gained immense popularity with time because they are 30% lighter than duplex reciprocating pumps with relatively less operational cost. Moreover, through these pumps the discharge of mud is smooth and they are capable of moving large volume of mud at higher pressure.

The different parts of a mud pump are Housing itself, Liner with packing, Cover plus packing, Piston and piston rod, Suction valve and discharge valve with their seats, Stuffing box (only in double-acting pumps), Gland (only in double-acting pumps), and Pulsation dampener. A mud pump also includes mud pump liner, mud pump piston, modules, hydraulic seat pullers along with other parts.

The wearing parts of a mud pump should be checked frequently for repairing needs or replacement. The wearing parts include pump casing, bearings, impeller, piston, liner, etc. Advanced anti-wear measures should be taken up to enhance the service life of the wearing parts. This can effectively bring down the project costs and improve production efficiency.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

Lots of times it’s hard to find high quality aftermarket mud pump parts at a great value. And we know how difficult it can be to find all the right pump bearings and replacement parts in one site.

The good news is that in today’s world, you can find the right aftermarket mud pump supplies for a fraction of the OEM cost. Whether you’re looking for new parts for your 8-P-80, 9-P-100, 10-P-130, 12-P-160 or 14-P-220National style mud pumps, or any replacement brand mud pump, now at DrillingParts you can find ALL your high quality aftermarket mud pump parts in one place.

At DrillingParts, with one simple request, you will receive Multiple Quotes from various high quality Mud Pump Suppliers, all offering products that meet API standards.

There’s no need to waste time calling, emailing, texting and leaving messages for different suppliers. Let our marketplace Quote Request System easily find the right Mud Pump Parts for you.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

As usual, winter — or the slow season — is the time most drillers take the time to maintain their equipment in order to get ready for the peak season. One of the main parts that usually needs attention is the mud pump. Sometimes, it is just a set of swabs to bring it up to snuff, but often, tearing it down and inspecting the parts may reveal that other things need attention. For instance, liners. I can usually run three sets of swabs before it is time to change the liner. New liners and swabs last a good long time. The second set of swabs lasts less, and by the time you put in your third set of swabs, it’s time to order new liners. Probably rods too. It’s not always necessary to change pistons when you change swabs. Sometimes just the rubber needs to be changed, saving money. How do you tell? There is a small groove around the outside of the piston. As it wears, the groove will disappear and it’s time for a new piston.

The wear groove on a piston can be a good indicator of the general health of your pump. If the wear is pretty even all around, chances are the pump is in pretty good shape. But if you see wear on one side only, that is a clue to dig deeper. Uneven wear is a sign that the rods are not stroking at the exact angle that they were designed to, which is parallel to the liner. So, it’s time to look at the gear end. Or as some folks call it, “the expensive end.”

The wear groove on a piston can be a good indicator of the general health of your pump. If the wear is pretty even all around, chances are the pump is in pretty good shape. But if you see wear on one side only, that is a clue to dig deeper.

After you get the cover off the gear end, the first thing to look at will be the oil. It needs to be fairly clean, with no drill mud in it. Also look for metal. Some brass is to be expected, but if you put a magnet in the oil and come back later and it has more than a little metal on it, it gets more serious. The brass in the big end of the connecting rod is a wearable part. It is made to be replaced at intervals — usually years. The most common source of metal is from the bull and pinion gears. They transmit the power to the mud. If you look at the pinion gear closely, you will find that it wears faster than the bull gear. This is for two reasons. First, it is at the top of the pump and may not receive adequate lubrication. The second reason is wear. All the teeth on both the bull and pinion gears receive the same amount of wear, but the bull gear has many more teeth to spread the wear. That is why, with a well maintained pump, the bull gear will outlast the pinion gear three, four or even five times. Pinion gears aren’t too expensive and are fairly easy to change.

This process is fairly straightforward machine work, but over the years, I have discovered a trick that will bring a rebuild up to “better than new.” When you tear a pump down, did you ever notice that there is about 1-inch of liner on each end that has no wear? This is because the swab never gets to it. If it has wear closer to one end than the other, your rods are out of adjustment. The trick is to offset grind the journals. I usually offset mine about ¼-inch. This gives me a ½-inch increase in the stroke without weakening the gear end. This turns a 5x6 pump into a 5½x6 pump. More fluid equals better holes. I adjust the rods to the right length to keep from running out the end of the liner, and enjoy the benefits.

Other than age, the problem I have seen with journal wear is improper lubrication. Smaller pumps rely on splash lubrication. This means that as the crank strokes, the rods pick up oil and it lubricates the crank journals. If your gear end is full of drill mud due to bad packing, it’s going to eat your pump. If the oil is clean, but still shows crank wear, you need to look at the oil you are using.

Oil that is too thick will not be very well picked up and won’t find its way into the oil holes in the brass to lubricate the journals. I’ve seen drillers that, when their pump starts knocking, they switch to a heavier weight oil. This actually makes the problem worse. In my experience, factory specified gear end oil is designed for warmer climates. As you move north, it needs to be lighter to do its job. Several drillers I know in the Northern Tier and Canada run 30 weight in their pumps. In Georgia, I run 40W90. Seems to work well.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

Patriot Oilfield Expendables has introduced three high quality bonded urethane pistons designed to operate in the harshest drilling conditions around the world. All three mud pump pistons are unique in their own way and are designed to outperform in performance against all other piston in the market. The Patriot Piston line is trusted both domestically and internationally by the largest contractors in the world. Patriot Pistons maintain continued success from the smallest land rigs to the world’s largest newly built high specification drill ships entering the market facing today’s toughest drilling environments.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

The positive displacement mud pump is a key component of the drilling process and its lifespan and reliability are critical to a successful operation.

The fluid end is the most easily damaged part of the mud pump. The pumping process occurs within the fluid end with valves, pistons, and liners. Because these components are high-wear items, many pumps are designed to allow quick replacement of these parts.

Due to the nature of its operation, pistons, liners, and valve assemblies will wear and are considered expendable components. There will be some corrosion and metallurgy imperfections, but the majority of pump failures can be traced back to poor maintenance, errors during the repair process, and pumping drilling fluid with excessive solids content.

A few signs include cut piston rubber, discoloration, pistons that are hard to remove, scored liners, valve and seat pitting or cracks, valve inserts severely worn, cracked, or completely missing, and even drilling fluids making their way to the power end of the pump.

The fluid end of a positive displacement triplex pump presents many opportunities for issues. The results of these issues in such a high-pressure system can mean expensive downtime on the pump itself and, possibly, the entire rig — not to mention the costly repair or replacement of the pump. To reduce severe vibration caused by the pumping process, many pumps incorporate both a suction and discharge pulsation dampener; these are connected to the suction and discharge manifolds of the fluid end. These dampeners reduce the cavitation effect on the entire pump which increases the life of everything within the pump.

The fluid end is the most easily damaged part of the mud pump. The pumping process occurs within the fluid end with valves, pistons, and liners. Because these components are high-wear items, many pumps are designed to allow quick replacement of these parts.

Additionally, the throat (inside diameter) can begin to wash out from extended usage hours or rather quickly when the fluid solids content is excessive. When this happens it can cut all the way through the seat and into the fluid end module/seat deck. This causes excessive expense not only from a parts standpoint but also extended downtime for parts delivery and labor hours to remove and replace the fluid module. With that said, a properly operated and maintained mud recycling system is vital to not only the pump but everything the drilling fluid comes in contact with downstream.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

FET manufactures a full range of valves and seats for every drilling and well-servicing application as part of our full line of Osprey® mud pump system solutions. All of our valves and seats can be used in water, water base, oil base and synthetic base mud applications. FET offers additional valves and seats not listed below, including drilling valves, frac valves and well service valves. FET’s QC standards for the dimensional and material specs are extremely rigid in comparison to other manufacturers. Contact your FET representative to learn more.

mud <a href='https://www.ruidapetroleum.com/product/49'>pump</a> piston swab for sale

It’s time for piston mud pumps to enter the 21st century. Centerline Mud Pumps utilize common, industry-proven, and easily obtained fluid end parts. Designed to give you better flow capacity, pressure, size and weight advantages, that you won’t find anywhere else. Centerline Mud Pumps are built to exceed the most demanding specifications in the industry. These pumps are built to last.

Centerline Manufacturing is pleased to introduce their line of hydraulic drive mud pumps. Since 1983, Centerline Manufacturing has been involved in the design, manufacture, and production of drilling equipment, support equipment, and tooling for the water well industry. Our line of mud pumps include several new milestone technologies not found anywhere else in the industry.

Provides 150-180* GPM (Gallon Per Minute) of standard mud flow at 350 psi continuous. The 180 GPM is a provisional condition that requires the mud pressure to be below 275 psi and the hydraulic oil temperature below 165 degrees F.

Provides 300-360* GPM (Gallon Per Minute) of standard mud flow at 350 psi Continuous.  The 360 GPM is a provisional condition that requires the mud pressure to be below 275 psi and the hydraulic oil temperature below 165 degrees F.

Provides 450-540* GPM (Gallon per Minute) of standard mud flow ar 350 psi Continuous.  The 540 GPM is a provisional condition that requires the mud pressure to be below 275 psi and the hydraulic oil temperature below 165 degrees F.