drilling rig mud pump knocking sound for sale

A mud pump is a reciprocating piston/plunger pump designed to circulate drilling fluid under high pressure (up to 7,500 psi (52,000 kPa)) down the drill string and back up the annulus. A duplex mud pump is an important part of the equipment used for oil well drilling.

Duplex mud pumps (two piston/plungers) have generally been replaced by the triplex pump, but are still common in developing countries. Two later developments are the hex pump with six vertical pistons/plungers, and various quintuplex’s with five horizontal piston/plungers. The advantages that Duplex mud pumps have over convention triplex pumps is a lower mud noise which assists with better Measurement while drilling and Logging while drilling decoding.

Use duplex mud pumps to make sure that the circulation of the mud being drilled or the supply of liquid reaches the bottom of the well from the mud cleaning system. Despite being older technology than the triplex mud pump, the duplex mud pumps can use either electricity or diesel, and maintenance is easy due to their binocular floating seals and safety valves.

A mud pump is composed of many parts including mud pump liner, mud pump piston, modules, hydraulic seat pullers, and other parts. Parts of a mud pump:housing itself

Duplex pumps are used to provide a secondary means of fuel transfer in the event of a failure of the primary pump. Each pump in a duplex set is sized to meet the full flow requirements of the system. Pump controllers can be set for any of the following common operating modes:Lead / Lag (Primary / Secondary): The lead (primary) pump is selected by the user and the lag (secondary pump operates when a failure of the primary pump is detected.

Alternating: Operates per Lead / Lag (Primary / Secondary) except that the operating pump and lead / lag status alternate on consecutive starts. A variation is to alternate the pumps based on the operating time (hour meter) of the lead pump.

A quintuplex pump has a crankshaft supported in the pump by external main bearings. The crankshaft has five eccentric sheaves, two internal main bearing sheaves, and two bull gears.

A quintuplex pump is central to oil drilling and exploration due to the nature of operations. This pump circulates the mud to and from the surface, supporting the process for oil well operations.

The quintuplex pump is designed to circulate mud or drilling fluid under great pressure down the drill hole and back up. The pump is a reciprocating model that features five pistons, hence the name quintuplex mud pump. The right degree of pressure and precision is crucial for efficient well operations.

Despite the fact that all mud pumps have pulsation dampeners, noise levels are likely to be high and require modifications to keep noise pollution levels low. This is important, considering the long-running hours of equipment and the need to protect personnel from constant and high noise levels. With a quintuplex mud pump, the pulsation noise and the mud telemetry noise come down by as much as half, making operations less noisy.

Quintuplex pumps can be used in various applications including salt water disposal, descaling, high pressure pumping, Frac pumping, pipeline transfers in the Oil & Gas, Agriculture, Mining, Municipal and Manufacturing sectors.

Mud pumps comes in a variety of sizes and configurations but for the typical petroleum drilling rig, the triplex (three piston/plunger) mud pumps are the pump of choice. Duplex mud pumps (two piston/plungers) have generally been replaced by the triplex pump, but are still common in developing countries. Two later developments are the hex pump with six vertical pistons/plungers, and various quintuplex’s with five horizontal piston/plungers.

Duplex, triplex and quintuplex pumps all have an enviable history of sound engineering, designed to exceed the rigorous requirements of API 674 and customer satisfaction.

A well-placed suction stabilizer can also prevent pump chatter. Pump chatter occurs when energy is exchanged between the quick opening and closing of the reciprocating pump’s valves and the hammer effect from the centrifugal pump. Pump isolation with suction stabilizers is achieved when the charge pumps are isolated from reciprocating pumps and vice versa. The results are a smooth flow of pumped media devoid of agitating energies present in the pumped fluid.

Preferred Pump offers the best rewards program in the water well equipment industry. Check out our social media pictures to see what you"ve been missing!

Preferred Pump offers the best rewards program in the water well equipment industry. Check out our social media pictures to see what you"ve been missing!

Manufactured to withstand the toughest drilling and environmental conditions, our K-Series triplex mud pumps are ideal for all drilling applications. This legacy product features a balanced forged-steel crankshaft and Southwest Oilfield Products ‘L” Shaped modules which is essential to minimize wear, noise, and operating vibrations. These attributes are essential when drilling deeper high pressure formations, long laterals and when handling corrosive or abrasive fluids and slurries.

Every American Block triplex mud pump is manufactured and fully load tested before leaving our manufacturing campus, and is available in sizes ranging from 800 HP to 2200 HP. The American Block K1600 HP Mud Pump is also available in a 2000 HP up-grade version, when more HP is needed in the same 1600 HP footprint.

When choosing a size and type of mud pump for your drilling project, there are several factors to consider. These would include not only cost and size of pump that best fits your drilling rig, but also the diameter, depth and hole conditions you are drilling through. I know that this sounds like a lot to consider, but if you are set up the right way before the job starts, you will thank me later.

Recommended practice is to maintain a minimum of 100 to 150 feet per minute of uphole velocity for drill cuttings. Larger diameter wells for irrigation, agriculture or municipalities may violate this rule, because it may not be economically feasible to pump this much mud for the job. Uphole velocity is determined by the flow rate of the mud system, diameter of the borehole and the diameter of the drill pipe. There are many tools, including handbooks, rule of thumb, slide rule calculators and now apps on your handheld device, to calculate velocity. It is always good to remember the time it takes to get the cuttings off the bottom of the well. If you are drilling at 200 feet, then a 100-foot-per-minute velocity means that it would take two minutes to get the cuttings out of the hole. This is always a good reminder of what you are drilling through and how long ago it was that you drilled it. Ground conditions and rock formations are ever changing as you go deeper. Wouldn’t it be nice if they all remained the same?

Centrifugal-style mud pumps are very popular in our industry due to their size and weight, as well as flow rate capacity for an affordable price. There are many models and brands out there, and most of them are very good value. How does a centrifugal mud pump work? The rotation of the impeller accelerates the fluid into the volute or diffuser chamber. The added energy from the acceleration increases the velocity and pressure of the fluid. These pumps are known to be very inefficient. This means that it takes more energy to increase the flow and pressure of the fluid when compared to a piston-style pump. However, you have a significant advantage in flow rates from a centrifugal pump versus a piston pump. If you are drilling deeper wells with heavier cuttings, you will be forced at some point to use a piston-style mud pump. They have much higher efficiencies in transferring the input energy into flow and pressure, therefore resulting in much higher pressure capabilities.

Piston-style mud pumps utilize a piston or plunger that travels back and forth in a chamber known as a cylinder. These pumps are also called “positive displacement” pumps because they literally push the fluid forward. This fluid builds up pressure and forces a spring-loaded valve to open and allow the fluid to escape into the discharge piping of the pump and then down the borehole. Since the expansion process is much smaller (almost insignificant) compared to a centrifugal pump, there is much lower energy loss. Plunger-style pumps can develop upwards of 15,000 psi for well treatments and hydraulic fracturing. Centrifugal pumps, in comparison, usually operate below 300 psi. If you are comparing most drilling pumps, centrifugal pumps operate from 60 to 125 psi and piston pumps operate around 150 to 300 psi. There are many exceptions and special applications for drilling, but these numbers should cover 80 percent of all equipment operating out there.

The restriction of putting a piston-style mud pump onto drilling rigs has always been the physical size and weight to provide adequate flow and pressure to your drilling fluid. Because of this, the industry needed a new solution to this age-old issue.

As the senior design engineer for Ingersoll-Rand’s Deephole Drilling Business Unit, I had the distinct pleasure of working with him and incorporating his Centerline Mud Pump into our drilling rig platforms.

In the late ’90s — and perhaps even earlier —  Ingersoll-Rand had tried several times to develop a hydraulic-driven mud pump that would last an acceptable life- and duty-cycle for a well drilling contractor. With all of our resources and design wisdom, we were unable to solve this problem. Not only did Miller provide a solution, thus saving the size and weight of a typical gear-driven mud pump, he also provided a new offering — a mono-cylinder mud pump. This double-acting piston pump provided as much mud flow and pressure as a standard 5 X 6 duplex pump with incredible size and weight savings.

The true innovation was providing the well driller a solution for their mud pump requirements that was the right size and weight to integrate into both existing and new drilling rigs. Regardless of drill rig manufacturer and hydraulic system design, Centerline has provided a mud pump integration on hundreds of customer’s drilling rigs. Both mono-cylinder and duplex-cylinder pumps can fit nicely on the deck, across the frame or even be configured for under-deck mounting. This would not be possible with conventional mud pump designs.

Centerline stuck with their original design through all of the typical trials and tribulations that come with a new product integration. Over the course of the first several years, Miller found out that even the best of the highest quality hydraulic cylinders, valves and seals were not truly what they were represented to be. He then set off on an endeavor to bring everything in-house and began manufacturing all of his own components, including hydraulic valves. This gave him complete control over the quality of components that go into the finished product.

The second generation design for the Centerline Mud Pump is expected later this year, and I believe it will be a true game changer for this industry. It also will open up the application to many other industries that require a heavier-duty cycle for a piston pump application.

BW100/5 slurry mud pump is a new generation of mortar pump of high-pressure, high flowing capacity and large sand grains. With large flow pass and high suction efficiency, this pump can prevent large sand grains from blocking effectually, which is safe and durable with adjustable unloading valve structure.

1.Projects: Construction drilling of the projects e.g. prospection, geotechnical investigation(geological exploring), railway, road, port, bridge, water conservancy and hydropower, tunnel, well, industrial and civil construction;

Most of our products are in stock of semi-finished products, which greatly shortens the delivery time. For these products, we can arrange delivery within 3-5 working days. In addition, we also have 2 large parts warehouses. Each model of pump has its own spare parts shelf. After receiving the notice, we can arrange delivery immediately.

Researchers have shown that mud pulse telemetry technologies have gained exploration and drilling application advantages by providing cost-effective real-time data transmission in closed-loop drilling operations. Given the inherited mud pulse operation difficulties, there have been numerous communication channel efforts to improve data rate speed and transmission distance in LWD operations. As discussed in “MPT systems signal impairments”, mud pulse signal pulse transmissions are subjected to mud pump noise signals, signal attenuation and dispersion, downhole random (electrical) noises, signal echoes and reflections, drillstring rock formation and gas effects, that demand complex surface signal detection and extraction processes. A number of enhanced signal processing techniques and methods to signal coding and decoding, data compression, noise cancellation and channel equalization have led to improved MPT performance in tests and field applications. This section discusses signal-processing techniques to minimize or eliminate signal impairments on mud pulse telemetry system.

At early stages of mud pulse telemetry applications, matched filter demonstrated the ability to detect mud pulse signals in the presence of simulated or real noise. Matched filter method eliminated the mud noise effects by calculating the self-correlation coefficients of received signal mixed with noise (Marsh et al. 1988). Sharp cutoff low-pass filter was proposed to remove mud pump high frequencies and improve surface signal detection. However, matched filter method was appropriate only for limited single frequency signal modulated by frequency-shift keying (FSK) with low transmission efficiency and could not work for frequency band signals modulated by phase shift keying (PSK) (Shen et al. 2013a).

Wavelet transform method was developed and widely adopted and used in signal processing to overcome limitation of Fourier transform in time domain (Bultheel 2003). Although Fourier and its revised fast Fourier transforms are powerful mathematical tool, they are not very good at detecting rapid changes in signals such as seismic data and well test data in petroleum industry containing many structure of different scales (Multi-scale structures) (Guan et al. 2004). Fourier coefficients do not provide direct information about the signal local behavior (localization); but the average strength of that frequency in the full signal as the sine or cosine function keeps undulating to infinity. Wavelet transform analyzes the signal frequency components and time segment, and fine tune sampling of localized characters of time or frequency domain. Principles of wavelet transform and de-noising technique show that signal can be divided into space and scale (time and frequency) without losing any useful information of the original signal, hence ensuring the extraction of useful information from the noised signal (Li et al. 2007). Different wavelet base parameters constructed, such as haar, db, coif, sym, bior, rbio and dmey, are suitable for different signal processing requirements. The small the scale parameter is, the higher the resolving power in frequency, suitable for processing high frequency signals; conversely, the larger the scale is the higher resolving power suitable for low frequency signal.

In processing noise-contaminated mud pulse signals, longer vanishing moments are used, but takes longer time for wavelet transform. The main wavelet transform method challenges include effective selection of wavelet base, scale parameters and vanishing moment; the key determinants of signal correlation coefficients used to evaluate similarities between original and processed signals. Chen et al. (2010) researched on wavelet transform and de-noising technique to obtain mud pulse signals waveform shaping and signal extraction based on the pulse-code information processing to restore pulse signal and improve SNR. Simulated discrete wavelet transform showed effective de-noise technique, downhole signal was recovered and decoded with low error rate. Namuq et al. (2013) studied mud pulse signal detection and characterization technique of non-stationary continuous pressure pulses generated by the mud siren based on the continuous Morlet wavelet transformation. In this method, generated non-stationary sinusoidal pressure pulses with varying amplitudes and frequencies used ASK and FSK modulation schemes. Simulated wavelet technique showed appropriate results for dynamic signal characteristics analysis.

As discussed in “MPT mud pump noises”, the often overlap of the mud pulses frequency spectra with the mud pump noise frequency components adds complexity to mud pulse signal detection and extraction. Real-time monitoring requirement and the non-stationary frequency characteristics made the utilization of traditional noise filtering techniques very difficult (Brandon et al. 1999). The MPT operations practical problem contains spurious frequency peaks or outliers that the standard filter design cannot effectively eliminate without the possibility of destroying some data. Therefore, to separate noise components from signal components, new filtering algorithms are compulsory.

Early development Brandon et al. (1999) proposed adaptive compensation method that use non-linear digital gain and signal averaging in the reference channel to eliminate the noise components in the primary channel. In this method, synthesized mud pulse signal and mud pump noise were generated and tested to examine the real-time digital adaptive compensation applicability. However, the method was not successfully applied due to complex noise signals where the power and the phases of the pump noises are not the same.

Jianhui et al. (2007) researched the use of two-step filtering algorithms to eliminate mud pulse signal direct current (DC) noise components and attenuate the high frequency noises. In the study, the low-pass finite impulse response (FIR) filter design was used as the DC estimator to get a zero mean signal from the received pressure waveforms while the band-pass filter was used to eliminate out-of-band mud pump frequency components. This method used center-of-gravity technique to obtain mud pulse positions of downhole signal modulated by pulse positioning modulation (PPM) scheme. Later Zhao et al. (2009) used the average filtering algorithm to decay DC noise components and a windowed limited impulse response (FIR) algorithm deployed to filter high frequency noise. Yuan and Gong (2011) studied the use of directional difference filter and band-pass filter methods to remove noise on the continuous mud pulse differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) modulated downhole signal. In this technique, the directional difference filter was used to eliminate mud pump and reflection noise signals in time domain while band-pass filter isolated out-of-band noise frequencies in frequency domain.

Other researchers implemented adaptive FIR digital filter using least mean square (LMS) evaluation criterion to realize the filter performances to eliminate random noise frequencies and reconstruct mud pulse signals. This technique was adopted to reduce mud pump noise and improve surface received telemetry signal detection and reliability. However, the quality of reconstructed signal depends on the signal distortion factor, which relates to the filter step-size factor. Reasonably, chosen filter step-size factor reduces the signal distortion quality. Li and Reckmann (2009) research used the reference signal fundamental frequencies and simulated mud pump harmonic frequencies passed through the LMS filter design to adaptively track pump noises. This method reduced the pump noise signals by subtracting the pump noise approximation from the received telemetry signal. Shen et al. (2013a) studied the impacts of filter step-size on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) distortions. The study used the LMS control algorithm to adjust the adaptive filter weight coefficients on mud pulse signal modulated by differential phase shift keying (DPSK). In this technique, the same filter step-size factor numerical calculations showed that the distortion factor of reconstructed mud pressure QPSK signal is smaller than that of the mud pressure DPSK signal.

Study on electromagnetic LWD receiver’s ability to extract weak signals from large amounts of well site noise using the adaptive LMS iterative algorithm was done by (Liu 2016). Though the method is complex and not straightforward to implement, successive LMS adaptive iterations produced the LMS filter output that converges to an acceptable harmonic pump noise approximation. Researchers’ experimental and simulated results show that the modified LMS algorithm has faster convergence speed, smaller steady state and lower excess mean square error. Studies have shown that adaptive FIR LMS noise cancellation algorithm is a feasible effective technique to recover useful surface-decoded signal with reasonable information quantity and low error rate.

Different techniques which utilize two pressure sensors have been proposed to reduce or eliminate mud pump noises and recover downhole telemetry signals. During mud pressure signal generation, activated pulsar provides an uplink signal at the downhole location and the at least two sensor measurements are used to estimate the mud channel transfer function (Reckmann 2008). The telemetry signal and the first signal (pressure signal or flow rate signal) are used to activate the pulsar and provide an uplink signal at the downhole location; second signal received at the surface detectors is processed to estimate the telemetry signal; a third signal responsive to the uplink signal at a location near the downhole location is measured (Brackel 2016; Brooks 2015; Reckmann 2008, 2014). The filtering process uses the time delay between first and third signals to estimate the two signal cross-correlation (Reckmann 2014). In this method, the derived filter estimates the transfer function of the communication channel between the pressure sensor locations proximate to the mud pump noise source signals. The digital pump stroke is used to generate pump noise signal source at a sampling rate that is less than the selected receiver signal (Brackel 2016). This technique is complex as it is difficult to estimate accurately the phase difference required to give quantifiable time delay between the pump sensor and pressure sensor signals.

As mud pulse frequencies coincide with pump noise frequency in the MPT 1–20 Hz frequency operations, applications of narrow-band filter cannot effectively eliminate pump noises. Shao et al. (2017) proposed continuous mud pulse signal extraction method using dual sensor differential signal algorithm; the signal was modulated by the binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK). Based on opposite propagation direction between the downhole mud pulses and pump noises, analysis of signal convolution and Fourier transform theory signal processing methods can cancel pump noise signals using Eqs. 3 and 4. The extracted mud pulse telemetry signal in frequency domain is given by Eqs. 3 and 4 and its inverse Fourier transformation by Eq. 4. The method is feasible to solve the problem of signal extraction from pump noise,

$$s(t)={f^{ - 1}}S(\omega )={f^{ - 1}}\left[ {\frac{{{P_{\text{A}}}(\omega ) - H(\omega ){P_{\text{B}}}(\omega )}}{{1 - H(\omega )H(\omega )}}} \right],$$

These researches provide a novel mud pulse signal detection and extraction techniques submerged into mud pump noise, attenuation, reflections, and other noise signals as it moves through the drilling mud.

Mud agitators are fluid mixing equipment that keeps solids in drilling fluid suspending, no deposit in the mud tank bottom. It uses its impeller to agitate and mix the drilling mud to prevent solid particles from depositing in the tank or mud pit.

There were many types of mud agitator, depending on purpose demand, gearbox type, and working conditions. But the basic structure of the mud agitator is all the same: Motor, gearbox [Speed reducer], shaft, and impeller.

Yes. Some clients prefer the hydraulic drive for some specific use. Some clients need a vertical agitator. And some clients prefer the stainless steel shaft and impeller. Different applications and industries will request equipment much different If you have questions or demand on mud mixers, please let us know and we’ll help you to get the ideal solution.

For oil and gas drilling, there are different configurations on tanks number, tanks size, so it’s not easy to confirm. But we can take a system as an example. One mud system laying with 6 tanks, and tanks size are 9 m X 2.2 m X 2.3 m. The normal proposal is 3 sets of agitator per tank. But there is a shaker tank, then we deduct 1 set. So, probably we need 17 sets of the agitator. And the agitators are APM 7.5 driven by 7.5 kw motor.

The most important factor was the power of the mud agitator, 5.5 Kw agitator is cost far lower than 22 KW. There is apparently a different price between the explosion-proof type and Non-proof type. Higher explosion-proof grade means higher cost.

Worm gearbox type mud agitator is a common type, durable, and easy maintenance. But its efficiency lower than the bevel gearbox. so bevel gearboxes are generally more expensive than worm gearboxes for the same HP and gear ratios. Helical-worm and helical-bevel are advanced generation type of worm and bevel gearbox. They produce less vibration and noise. The planetary gearbox is mainly used in vertical agitator.