mud pump pressure formula quotation

Rig pump output, normally in volume per stroke, of mud pumps on the rig is  one of important figures that we really need to know because we will use pump out put figures to calculate many parameters such as bottom up strokes,  wash out depth, tracking drilling fluid, etc. In this post, you will learn how to calculate pump out put for triplex pump and duplex pump in bothOilfield and Metric Unit.

The discharge pressure of a pump is commonly referred to as head or pressure, but head and pressure are not the same across all liquids. It often causes confusion leading to a miscalculation of the correct pump specification to use.

What is pressure?Pressure is fluid dependent and relative to fluid density. A calculation of the pressure will change according to the fluid’s specific gravity.

Manometers on pumps indicate suction and delivery pressures, and the corresponding differential pressure, which does not take into account the specific gravity of the fluid being pumped meaning any readings provided need to be checked against the fluids specific gravity to calculate the differential pressure being produced.

The absorbed power is the power consumed by the pump during operation at the required duty point. Although a pump may be fitted with a larger motor than is required for the duty, the power absorbed is usually indicated on the pump curve with an intersecting line of where the pump is expected to perform.

The density and pressure directly affect the power absorbed by the motor during operation. The amount of power absorbed by a motor during operation is multiplied by the SG to calculate the power absorbed.

As a pump operates according to the system it is installed in, care will need to be taken to ensure the absorbed power at the highest point of the curve is larger than the density multiplied by the SG.

In the above example, the highest point is 7.5Kw so for water (7.5Kw x 1) max absorbed power will be 7.5Kw, and for a fluid, with a density of 1.3, the maximum absorbed power would be 7.5Kw x 1.3sg = 9.75Kw. A motor greater than 10Kw would be advisable. Read more about why a pump may be fitted with a larger motor.

Head loss refers to the pressure loss (friction) imparted on a fluid as it travels through components in a system. All parts from straight pieces of pipe, to bends, valves, heat exchangers and couplings create different levels of friction loss.

Different angled bends such as 45° bend compared to a 90° will create different levels of loss in a system. Each item has a pressure loss value known as a K factor detailing the losses caused by each part.

Geodetic HeadThis is the physical difference in height between the liquid level and the highest discharge point. This figure can often change when pumping from tanks or pits where the level can fluctuate. There is often a misconception that the Geodetic head is measured from the depth of the suction pipe, but this is not something considered when calculating this but is instead the difference in fluid levels.Pump DeratingAs pump curves are based on water, a correction factor must be applied to a curve to correct it against the liquid being pumped. This is applied when a fluid is more viscous than water, viscosity fluctuates with temperature or if solids are present.

There are several factors which must be considered when correcting pump curves from particle size, temperature, to the properties of a liquid, so it is always better to discuss curve correction with one of our engineers.

Mud pump liner selection in today"s drilling operations seldom (at best) considers electrical implications. Perhaps, with more available useful information about the relationships between mud pump liner size and operational effects on the electrical system, certain potential problems can be avoided. The intent of this paper is to develop those relationships and show how they affect an electrical system on example SCR rigs.Introduction

There, seems to be little consideration for the relationships between liner size and demand on a rig"s engine/generator set(s). Yet, consideration for this relationship can prove to be very helpful to drillers and operators in efficiency of a rig"s electrical system. In order to develop the relationships and help drillers and operators understand the importance of each, relationships between liner size, pump speed, pump pressure, and electrical power will be developed. Only basic physical laws will be used to develop the relationships; and, once developed, the relationships are readily applied to realistic examples utilizing a mud pump manufacturer"s pump data. Finally, conclusions will be drawn from the examples.DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONSHIPS BASIC RELATIONSHIPS

where HHP= Hydraulic horsepower, GPM = Mud pump volumetric flow rate in gallons per minute, and PST Mud pump output pressure in pounds peer square inch.

Hydraulic horsepower is reflected to the mud pump motor via a multiplier for mechanical efficiency. it follows that motor horsepower is then represented by

Whether onshore or offshore, well drilling sites rely on a multitude of systems to successfully perform the drilling operation. The mud pump is a key component tasked with circulating drilling fluid under high pressure downhole. The mud pump can be divided into two key sections: the power end or crosshead and the fluid end. Proper alignment of the pump’s crosshead to the fluid end liner is necessary to maximizing piston and liner life. Misalignment contributes to

accelerated wear on both the piston and the liner, and replacing these components requires downtime of the pump. Traditional methods of inspecting alignment range from using uncalibrated wooden rods, Faro Arms and micrometers to check the vertical and horizontal alignment of the piston rod OD to the piston liner ID. These are time consuming and cumbersome techniques that are ultimately not well suited to troubleshoot and solve alignment issues.

A “Mud Pump Laser Alignment Kit” enables you to measure where the piston will run through the liner at various positions along the pump’s stroke. It will also project a laser centerline from the fluid end back towards the rear power end of the pump that can be used to determine how much shimming is required to correct any alignment issues. The kit can include either a 2-Axis receiver or a 4-Axis which accepts the laser beam and documents where it falls on the active surface of the receiver. The 4-Axis receiver can decrease alignment time by as much as 50% as it will measure angularity as well as X and Y while the 2-Axis does not and will need multiple measurement locations to get the same information. In addition, the alignment system is a non-intrusive service requiring the removal of only the piston rod which allows for much quicker service and less down time on the pump. As the mud pumps in question are located globally both on and offshore, having a small, portable system is another great advantage. Our recommendation would be Pinpoint laser System’s “Mud Pump Alignment Kit”. They are being used by many of the leading repair service companies and have been their main alignment tool for over 15 years. Manufacturers are also utilizing these for new pump set-up.

When it comes to pumping terminology, one crucial term to know is GPM — a measurement that will help you determine if you’re choosing the right pump. So what is GPM, and how do you calculate it?

GPM stands for gallons per minute and is a measurement of how many gallons a pump can move per minute. It is also referred to as flow rate. GPM is variable based on another measurement known as the Head, which refers to the height the water must reach to get pumped through the system. It is also referred to as flow rate. GPM is variable based on another measurement known as the Head, which refers to the height the water must reach to get pumped through the system.

Pumps are typically measured by their GPM at a certain Head measurement. For example, a pump specification may read 150 GPM at 50 Feet of Head, which means the pump will work at 150 gallons per minute when pumping water at a height of 50 feet.

The GPM formula is 60 divided by the number of seconds it takes to fill a one gallon container. So if you took 10 seconds to fill a gallon container, your GPM measurement would be 6 GPM (60/10 seconds = 6 GPM). To most accurately calculate GPM, you use the pressure tank method and formula. For this calculation, you need to know the specifications of your pressure tank, including how many gallons it holds, the gallon drawdown and the PSI. The manufacturer specifies the gallon drawdown. Once you have that information, as well as a stopwatch to keep time, follow these steps:

For example, if it took four minutes for the pressure switch to turn off, and your gallon drawdown was 20 gallons, this would mean a GPM rate of five.

If you don’t have a pressure tank, you can also use a bucket or any other container, time how long it takes to fill up and then divide that by the volume the container holds.

GPM identifies the unique capabilities of a pump so you can select the right one for your specific needs. If you need a pump for a larger public area such as a golf course, marina or lake, you will need a pump with a much higher GPM than one used for your home’s well. Plus, choosing the correct pump is essential for reducing your costs and increasing your pump’s lifespan.

At GeoForm International, we are a leading manufacturer of high-quality submersible pumps, dredges, digester packages and aerators, all of which are made in the U.S. With our pump expertise, we know just how essential GPM is in the pumping and dredging industry from how much equipment costs to how long jobs will take.

This article will demystify the term “head” as it relates to pumps, so you should never have to worry again about what head is, how it relates to pressure or why it’s important.

It’s a concept that’s actually incredibly simple to define, but can be confusing when the concept is translated into examples involving real pumps. Imagine a pump where you have a pipe that extends straight up vertically from the discharge (see Figure 1).

Simply stated: a pump’s head is the maximum height that the pump can achieve pumping against gravity. Intuitively, if a pump can produce more pressure, it can pump water higher and produce a higher head. Also note that the higher the liquid in the tank, the higher the pump will be able to pump the water into the vertical discharge pipe, due to the head exerted by the liquid in the suction tank (see Figure 2).

A much more useful measure of head is the difference between the liquid level in the suction tank and the head in the vertical discharge pipe. This number is known as the “total head” that the pump can produce.

Increasing the level of the liquid in the suction tank will give rise to increased head, and decreasing the level will give rise to a lower head. Pump manufacturers and suppliers often won’t tell you how much head a pump can produce, because they can’t predict what the height of the liquid in your suction tank will be. Instead, they will report the pump’s total head, the difference in height between the level of liquid in the suction tank and the height of a column of water that the pump can achieve. Total head is independent of the level of liquid in the suction tank.

Where Htis the total head, Hd is the discharge head and Hs is the suction head. Also be aware that this equation holds true whether the suction head is positive (level of liquid in the suction tank is above the pump) or negative (level of the liquid in the suction tank is below the pump). See Figure 4 for an example of the latter situation. In this case, the pump will still produce the same total head, but because the suction head is negative, the discharge head will be reduced by this amount, according to our equation.

In Figure 5 a pump is transferring liquid from the suction tank into a vertical pipe where the liquid rises until it can’t overcome the force of gravity and it quits rising. In this situation, the flow of the pump is zero. The pump is working, but the force of gravity causes the water’s rise in the vertical discharge pipe to stop and the net flow stops. This is known as the “shut-off head”, it’s the amount of head a pump can produce at zero flow.

To choose your required pump, you need to know two things: the total head and what flow rate you require. As you might expect, these two quantities are related. The maximum head (shut-off head) is achieved at a flow rate of zero. Increasing flow rate introduces friction into the system as the liquid travels along the pipes from the suction tank to the pump and from the pump into the discharge pipe. This friction reduces the amount of total head that the pump can produce. In fact, as the flow increases, friction increases and the total head continues to decrease. The amount of head that is lost due to friction is called “friction head” or “friction-loss”(see Figure 5 and Figure 6).

In a system where there is flow, the total head is the difference between the discharge head and the suction head plus the friction head and this sum will be less than the shut-off head. The plot of head versus flow rate is known as the pump’s performance curve (see Figure 7 for an example of a pump performance curve).

Every centrifugal pump will be supplied with a performance curve plotting head versus flow rate. The required flow rate and total head will intersect at a certain point on the pump’s performance curve and comparing this to the pump’s curve will allow you to determine whether that particular pump will be appropriate (i.e. will it produce enough head at the required flow rate?) for your needs.

Why is head used as a measure of a pump’s ability to pump liquids rather than pressure? Historically, many pumps were used to pump water uphill to a higher level – for example into a storage tank at the top of a hill. If you have to pump water to a height of 60 metres to get it up the hill, then using head – measured in metres – is natural. You automatically know that if a pump doesn’t have 60 metres of head, it’s not appropriate for your application.

Another reason that head is used, is that as long as the liquid that is being pumped has a similar viscosity to water, the head will be identical for different liquids. This may or may not be the case when using pressure to define a pump’s characteristics. Although some pump manufacturers do use pressure to characterise their pumps, the vast majority of pumps are still characterised by the total head they produce.

We hope you found this blog post helpful. Head to our blog page to learn more about how toreduce friction in suction/discharge linesorhow to check flow and head pressure.

Global Pumps are a leading Australian industrial pump supplier for mining, government, wine, food, beverage, chemical processing, paint, print, packaging and manufacturing industries.

We provide experttechnical advice,mechanical and chemical engineering services, and maintenance services for pumps, pumping systems and complete turn-key packages.

Our pump engineers and sales consultants are available to help you to select the right pump or system to suit your specific industry application needs, to achieve efficiencies, increased productivity and reduced downtime.

We provide hydraulic components & repair services for industrial applications like paper mills, saw mills, steel mills, recycling plants, oil & gas applications and mobile applications, including construction, utility, mining, agricultural and marine equipment. This includes hydraulic pumps, motors, valves, servo/prop valves, PTOs, cylinders & parts.

Pressure relief valves are installed on mud pumps in order to prevent an overpressure which could result in a serious damage of the pump and serious or fatal injury to personnel.

The discharge pressure is routed to the closer mud tank, via a 3” XXS line clamped strongly on tank side . Mud is flowing into the mud tank until line bled off, bearing in mind that minimum slope is required to avoid mud settling in pipe ( around 1 inch/meter).

Pressure relief valves are set usually to 90% of the maximum working pressure of the liners in use. Read carefully manufacturer chart for pressure setting versus size of liners.

With a low pressure setting, ie, 1000psi, by adjusting the top nylon self lock nut to move on the vertical scale to get the same setting than the scale.

Discharge pressure losses close to the maximum preset pressure.The Pressure relief valves are usually installed on a upper point of the discharge side of the mud pumps.

The pressure relief valve can be reset, if not damaged during the release of pressure. Special care should be taken if no working platform available to access the PRV.

When two (or more) pumps are arranged in serial their resulting pump performance curve is obtained by adding theirheads at the same flow rate as indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in series are used to overcome larger system head loss than one pump can handle alone. for two identical pumps in series the head will be twice the head of a single pump at the same flow rate - as indicated with point 2.

With a constant flowrate the combined head moves from 1 to 2 - BUTin practice the combined head and flow rate moves along the system curve to point 3. point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running

When two or more pumps are arranged in parallel their resulting performance curve is obtained by adding the pumps flow rates at the same head as indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than one pump can handle alone. for two identical pumps in parallel and the head kept constant - the flow rate doubles compared to a single pump as indicated with point 2

Note! In practice the combined head and volume flow moves along the system curve as indicated from 1 to 3. point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running

In practice, if one of the pumps in parallel or series stops, the operation point moves along the system resistance curve from point 3 to point 1 - the head and flow rate are decreased.