overshot runway meaning factory

to cause (an aircraft) to fly or taxi too far along (a runway) during landing or taking off, or (of an aircraft) to fly or taxi too far along a runway

It means that the aircraft has touched down on the runway before going off it. Overshoot is used in the same sense (note that overrun/overshoot occurs both in TO/landing).

However, there is one case where they are used differently. Overshooting the runway also can mean that the aircraft has touched beyond the end of the runway i.e. missed the runway entirely.

I understand its meaning in the context, but what does it exactly mean? I tried to Google the idiom, but I found only one hit in Urban Dictionary whose definition doesn"t seem to fit in the context (I don"t want to put it here).

HALIFAX — Confusing runway instructions, an unexpected tailwind and crew fatigue were factors that contributed to a 2018 runway overshoot that destroyed a Boeing 747 cargo jet at Halifax Stanfield International Airport, the Transportation Safety Board of Canada says.

In an investigation report released Tuesday, the independent agency also cited insufficient braking on a wet runway, noting that the aircraft was wrecked as it slid down a grassy embankment 270 metres past the end of the runway. All three crew members received minor injuries, but the sole passenger – a deadheading pilot – was not injured.

The board’s investigation found that a confusing notice to pilots – known as a Notice to Airmen or NOTAM – led the crew to wrongly believe the longer of the two runways in Halifax – Runway 23 – was not available for landing. As a result, they planned to land on Runway 14, which is 2,347 metres long.

As the aircraft approached the runway in the dark just after 5 a.m., air traffic control failed to tell the crew about the availability of Runway 23, although an automated information system was broadcasting that information, the report said.

Less than 90 seconds before the jet crossed the threshold, the crew realized there was a tailwind to contend with, as well as a rain-slicked runway. Airplanes typically take off and land into the wind, which offers pilots more lift and, as a result, more control. But tailwind landings are possible within certain limits.

“Upon landing, a series of events prevented the aircraft from decelerating as expected and caused the aircraft to drift to the right of the runway,” the report said.

The brakes were applied eight seconds after touchdown, but maximum braking effort did not occur until 15 seconds later, the report said. At that point, the 183,500-kilogram jumbo jet was about 240 metres from the end of the runway

The safety board also noted that the uneven terrain where the aircraft came to rest was beyond the runway’s 150-metre runway end safety area, which is designed to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft that land short of the runway or overshoot it.

The report said that in 2007, the board recommended Transport Canada require all runways longer than 1,800 metres to have a 300-metre runway end safety area or a means of stopping aircraft that provides an equivalent level of safety.

MILAN (AP) — A DHL cargo plane skidded off a runway at Bergamo’s Orio al Serio airport early Friday, its nose busting through a perimeter fence and onto a provincial highway. Officials said no one was injured.

Italian aviation officials said the Boeing 737-400 overshot the runway on landing from Paris’ Charles de Gaulle airport just after 4 a.m. The pilot and first officer were not injured. The cause was under investigation.

TORONTO (Reuters) - An Air France jet that crashed at Toronto’s international airport in a thunderstorm in August 2005 came in too high and too fast, and ran out of space on a slippery runway, a Canadian investigation concluded on Wednesday.Officials sift through the burnt out fuselage of the Air France flight as it lies in a gully off the end of the runway in Toronto, August 5, 2005. The Air France jet that crashed at Toronto"s international airport in a thunderstorm came in too high and too fast, and ran out of space on a slippery runway, an official Canadian investigation concluded on Wednesday. REUTERS/Hans Deryk/Pool

The Canadian Transportation Safety Board said the crew of the Airbus A340 failed to calculate how much tarmac they needed to land the plane safely. The aircraft caught fire after overshooting the runway and plunging into a small ravine.

“It came in too high and too fast. Touching down almost halfway along the wet and slippery runway, it simply ran out of room,” she told a news conference.

Investigators had concluded that the terrain at the end of Canadian runways increased the risk to planes that overshot, and the TSB wants a 300 meter (300 yard) safety zone built at the end of major Canadian runways.

But a heavy rain shower severely cut visibility and the plane touched down 3,800 feet down the 9,000-foot runway rather than at the 1,000 foot mark as planned.

“The crew never calculated the landing distance required for the aircraft’s weight for a contaminated runway. Therefore they did not realize what their margin for error was,” the investigator said.

Casualty figures were reportedly rising the evening of Aug. 7 after an Air India Express Boeing 737-800, en route from Dubai to Calicut, overshot the runway while on landing at Kozhikode-Calicut International Airport (CCJ) at 7:41 pm local time, according to media reports.

The Times of India said that India’s civil aviation minister Hardeep Singh Puri tweeted that 16 had died and that the aircraft ‘overshot the runway in rainy conditions & went down 35 ft. into a slope before breaking up into two pieces.’

India is in the midst of its monsoon season and the runway at Kozhikode-Calicut, in the southern Indian state of Kerala, was reportedly very wet when the aircraft landed.

The airport has a ‘tabletop’ runway built atop a plateau, with steep slopes both to the sides and the ends of the landing strip. The airport has a single runway, 10/28, at a length of 2,860 m (9,300 ft.).