overshot the mark factory

"Chairman Pitofsky"s timely book teaches us important truths about antitrust. This book convincingly rebuts the Chicago School approach to economics and competition policy while reminding us that the antitrust laws, when effectively applied, are robust tools that enhance competition and benefit consumers. Chairman Pitofsky and the other distinguished contributors provide a badly needed counterpoint to the excesses of Chicago School economic theory that has led to an overly hands-off and lifeless approach to antitrust enforcement in recent years. This excellent volume should be studied by all those who care about competition policy."--Senator Herb Kohl

"Into the grand antitrust debate between Warren Court advocates, on the one hand, and the treatises and court opinions out of the Chicago School tradition, on the other, comes finally a voice of reasoned moderation--or rather a full-throated chorus of such voices. With a clear-eyed regard for the paramount importance of consumer welfare a the central governing principle of antitrust enforcement, this collection of essays deserves to be read carefully by practitioners, academics and politicians--but especially-- and exceedingly carefully--by federal judges all across the country, not least of all by the current justices of the U.S. Supreme Court."--John Shenefield, Former Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust

"When they asserted efficiency as the new benchmark of antitrust, the scholars of Chicago paved the way to very welcome developments. But efficiency is more and more treated as an ideology and therefore it leads to forgetting the facts and restoring presumptions. If avoiding false positives becomes the priority of antitrust, how many real negatives will receive undeserved immunity? The questions raised by this book are no less timely than those raised by those scholars forty years ago and deserve no less attention from practitioners, academics and judges all over the world. I am confident that some copies of it will also be available in the library of the U.S. Supreme Court."--Giuliano Amato, Former Prime Minister of Italy

"This collection of essays--by lawyers and economists, many of whom are former antitrust enforcement officials--will generously reward a close read by anyone who is interested in the current intellectual state of antitrust thinking. As largely a critique of recent legal decisions and of recent enforcement, these essays are likely to form the basis for new directions for antitrust in the coming decade."--Lawrence J. White, Professor of Economics, NYU Stern School of Business

"Taken as a whole, the book makes a forceful argument that the many positive contributions of the Chicago school have been overshadowed by an increasingly conservative laissez faire view of antitrust in the federal agencies and the courts. The results of this change have been an emphasis of theory over empirical evidence and a deliberate choice among confl icting economic theories and evidence, rather than a consensus about that theory and evidence. For me, this was the best and most provocative antitrust book of 2008." --Spencer Weber Waller, Loyola University Chicago, School of Law

To ensure that customers suffer no downtimes during the modernization, StrikoWestofen offers a special service: depending on the requirements, it is possible to lease melting capacities. However, as the downtime was scheduled beforehand, that was not necessary in the case of Česká zbrojovka. In the course of the modernization, the company also decided to retrofit a shaft filling level laser.

This allows the charging cycles to be optimized so that the shaft has an optimal filling level at all times. Thereby, the ETAMax principle of integrated heat recovery can unfold its full effect. Through the intelligent utilization of the waste heat in the melting shaft, fuel consumption and metal loss are considerably lower than they are with comparable technologies to be found on the market. At the same time, the experts from StrikoWestofen installed a new charging unit. Besides increasing the operational reliability, this also makes a considerable contribution to the efficiency and performance of the system.

The aim was for the upgrade to reduce the energy consumption to 670 kWh/t. The actual result exceeded the expectations, however: after modernization, an energy consumption of only 520 KWh/t was measured, i.e. only approx. 52 m3 of natural gas per tonne of molten aluminium. Also, it was possible to increase the melting performance by 40% - from one tonne per hour to about 1.4 tonnes. “We didn’t think it was possible. Also, thanks to the smooth handling, we had next to no downtimes and were able to take the furnace back into operation after a short time,” says Petr Havelec, the director of the metallurgy division at Česká zbrojovka. Now the modernized furnace can match the performance of a comparable new installation.

The excitement continued, so that StrikoWestofen is also being consulted now that the second StrikoMelter is to be adapted to meet the latest standards. This is extremely gratifying for Holger Stephan, manager of the Service and Spare Parts division of StrikoWestofen: “We are glad to see more and more aluminum foundries realizing that investments in existing tried-and-tested systems can be worthwhile. If these are made in cooperation with us as the OEM, we are often also able to retrofit our latest developments. Thereby, enormous increases in performance and efficiency are possible. The rising number of inquiries coming in after the completion of individual modernization projects shows us that the word is spreading.”

The sense of "dart along" (as pain through the nerves or a meteor in the sky) is by late 13c.; that of "come forth" (as a plant) is by late 15c. As "increase rapidly, grow quickly" by 1530s (often with up (adv.)). By 1690s as "be emitted in rays or flashes" (as light is); by 1530s in weaving, "variegate by interspersing colors."

The general sports sense of "kick, hit, throw etc. toward the goal" is by 1874. In reference to pool playing, by 1926. The meaning "strive (for)" is by 1967, American English. The sense of "descend (a river) quickly" is from 1610s. The slang meaning "to inject by means of a hypodermic needle" is attested by 1914 among addicts. The meaning "to photograph" (especially a movie) is from 1890.

Shoot the breeze "chat" is attested by 1938 (as shooting the breeze), perhaps originally U.S. military slang. Shoot to kill is attested from 1867. Slang shoot the cat "vomit" is from 1785.

To shoot the moon formerly meant "depart by night with ones goods to escape back rent" (c. 1823).O, "tis cash makes such crowds to the gin shops roam,

Overshot glass had its origin in 16th century Venice, and the ability to make this ware eventually spread to Bohemia, Spain and elsewhere in Europe. Sometime prior to 1800, the production of this glass seems to have stopped. The Englishman Apsley Pellatt, owner of the Falcon Glass Works, is credited with reviving this decorative technique around 1845-1850. He acknowledged the origin of the technique by calling his product "Venetian Frosted Glass" or "Anglo-Venetian Glass". Later it would be called by other names, such as Frosted Glassware, ice Glass or Craquelle Glass.

It is important to understand the difference between crackle glass and overshot glass. Two different processes were involved. Crackle glass was produced by dipping a partially blown gob of hot glass in cold water. The sudden temperature change caused fissures or cracks in the glass surface. The gob was then lightly reheated and blown to its full shape. The blowing process enlarged the spaces between fissures to create a labyrinth of channels in varying widths. When cooled in the annealing lehr, the surface of the finished object had a crackled or cracked-ice effect.

Overshot glass was made by rolling a partially or fully inflated gob of hot glass on finely ground shards of glass that had been placed on a steel plate called a marver. The gob was then lightly reheated to remove the sharp edges of the ground glass.

1 Min ReadThe .38 calibre handgun used by Mark David Chapman to kill John Lennon, December 8, 2005. A bad-tempered French manager of a factory in China overshot the mark at a meeting when he pulled out a pistol and shot the ceiling, state media said on Wednesday. REUTERS/Chip East

BEIJING (Reuters) - A bad-tempered French manager of a factory in China overshot the mark at a meeting when he pulled out a pistol and shot the ceiling, state media said on Wednesday.

The manager, referred to only as Pierre by the China Daily, became enraged over a Chinese woman colleague’s refusal to approve an overtime payment for an assistant, the newspaper said.

“Several employees said the French manager was overbearing and moody and had a very bad temper,” the newspaper said, quoting a reporter for the South Metropolis Daily, who said this was not the first time Pierre had drawn his pistol and fired.

“Any foreigner found in possession of a pistol is liable to be detained and fined, or even deported,” the newspaper quoted a professor with Guangdong Police College as saying.

Place an overshot card on top of the shot charge just before crimping to improve overall crimp quality and seal in small shot and/or buffer. Excellent for use with BPI Roll Crimpers.

Our testing lab has proven that poor crimps can alter the performance of an otherwise good load. Overshot cards always produce better, more consistent crimps and this consistency is demonstrated in the standard deviation of loads in our lab. Our ballistic lab recommends overshot cards for better crimps in all loads.

Clear Overshot Disks(either plain or printed with shot size) are also offered for great roll crimping options. See pictures in Additional Images or click on this link.

Shotshell size selection:Use the same size gauge as your hull. Smaller diameter cards also work if your particular size is out of stock. For example, a 20ga overshot card works in a 16-gauge shotshell and so on.

"Duffless" is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series Fox network in the United States on February 18, 1993. After getting arrested for drunk driving, Homer tries to remain sober, at Marge"s request. Meanwhile, Lisa attempts to prove that Bart is less intelligent than a hamster after he ruins her first science fair project.

While having breakfast with her family, Lisa shows them her project for an upcoming science fair, a steroid-enhanced tomato she hopes will cure world hunger. At school, three days before the fair, Lisa leaves her tomato in Bart"s care for a moment and he hurls it at Principal Skinner"s butt. When Lisa returns, she is furious. She asks Marge for help, who suggests she run a hamster through a maze. Lisa likes the idea, but instead pits a hamster against Bart to find out who is smarter. After two easy tests, the hamster leads two to zero. Bart later discovers her plans to humiliate him at the fair and pre-empts them with a project of his own, "Can hamsters fly planes?", showing her hamster in the cockpit of a miniature plane. Despite Lisa"s objection concerning the lack of scientific merit, everyone is distracted by how cute the hamster is, and a proud Skinner hands Bart the winning ribbon.

Meanwhile, Homer sneaks out early at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant and accompanies Barney on a tour of the Duff brewery. Afterward, Homer refuses to let a drunk Barney drive home and forces him to hand over his keys. On their way out of the parking lot, their car is pulled over by police Chief Wiggum, along with Eddie and Lou. They administer a breathalyser test to Homer, which he fails. He is arrested, loses his license, and must attend traffic school and Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. In bed, Marge gives Homer a magazine quiz about his drinking. Hearing Homer"s answers, Marge asks him to give up beer for a month, and he agrees to. He exhibits more positive changes like losing weight, saving over $100 and not sweating while eating. After thirty days of sobriety, despite many temptations, Homer goes back to Moe"s for a beer, but leaves after a steady, appraising look at Barney and the other barflies. He and Marge ride a bike into the sunset singing "Raindrops Keep Fallin" on My Head".

Bart"s go-go ray idea was "stolen" from the opening credits of Mike Reiss said they did not want to show the hamster getting shocked but had to for plot purposes.Richard Nixon says, during the Duff commercial, was taken verbatim from the Kennedy-Nixon Debate during the 1960 Presidential Campaign.Adolf Hitler"s head, among other things, can be seen going by in bottles of Duff when the quality control man is not paying attention.Alice"s Adventures Through the Windshield Glass was pitched by Frank Mula.

The episode contains the first appearance of Sarah Wiggum.Bart the Daredevil": a close-up of Homer making a disappointed face and saying "D"oh!" when he gets arrested.

When Bart reaches for the cupcakes and collapses, it is a parody of a scene in 1960 United States presidential debates. The Duff clock is a parody of the "It"s a Small World" clock.Raindrops Keep Fallin" on My Head" plays is a reference to the film It Was a Very Good Year";Queen.Ernst Stavro Blofeld, who strokes a cat in his chair.Yeardley Smith and fellow cast member Hank Azaria. Bart makes several actions reminiscent of

"Duffless" aired during February sweeps and finished 19th in the weekly ratings for the week of February 15–21, 1993 with a Nielsen rating of 15.2 and was viewed in 14.2 million homes.Fox Network that week.

The authors of the book I Can"t Believe It"s a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide, Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood, said, "A superb episode with a sincere message. Homer is excellent throughout, but it is the cameos by Principal Skinner and Edna Krabappel that steal the show, especially the latter"s reaction to Milhouse"s Slinky."

Reiss, Mike; Klickstein, Mathew (2018). Springfield confidential: jokes, secrets, and outright lies from a lifetime writing for the Simpsons. New York City: Dey Street Books. p. 73. ISBN 978-0062748034.

Whether it is in the field of electronics, PCB design, theoretical analysis, or in the area of sports, accuracy is the ultimate goal. However, phrases like, “you missed your mark,” or “you overshot your target,” are all too common. In any case, it is never a good thing.

For example, if you are a CFO of a company and the budget for the current fiscal year is 1 billion dollars, and you overshoot it by 50%. Well, you may have an MBA from Harvard, but it no longer stands for Master of Business Administration; now it represents your choices; McDonald"s, Burger King, or Arby’s. Moreover, this is not a slight, but rather a point on the fact that missing your mark can have devastating repercussions on your career path.

Similarly, in the field of electronics, overshoot is the existence of a signal or function surpassing its target or final value. As you can imagine, this is not an acceptable parameter, and a circuit by design is to afford control over such phenomena. In the paragraphs to follow, I will discuss in more detail the subject of overshoot and methods of reducing it as well.

In control theory, signal processing, mathematics, and electronics, overshoot is the manifestation of a function or signal that exceeds its target. It occurs primarily in bandlimited systems, for example, low-pass filters during the step response. Also, ringing often follows the overshoot, and at times, they combine.

Also, in control theory, we refer to overshoot as an output that exceeds its steady-state or final value. Moreover, in a step input, the PO or percentage overshoot is the maximum value minus the step value divided by the step value. Whereas with a unit step, the overshoot is simply the maximum value of the step response minus one.

Overshoot is a reference to the transient values of any parametric measurement that exceeds its steady-state or final value during its transition from one value to another. Moreover, in terms of the application of the term overshoot, it includes the output signals of amplifiers.

Note: Furthermore, there is another parameter that warrants mentioning in the area of control systems, and it is called maximum overshoot. Also, the definition of maximum overshoot is the maximum peak value when measuring a response curve of the desired response of a system.

Overshoot occurs when the transient values exceed the final value. Whereas, undershoot is when they are lower than the final value. Furthermore, within the confines of acceptable limits, a circuit’s design targets the rise time to minimize it while simultaneously containing the distortion of the signal. However, in its purest form, overshoot represents a distortion of a signal.

Also, since a circuit’s design goal is to minimize overshoot, as well as decrease rise times, these two functional tasks often cause conflicts. In other words, if your job requires you always to find the highest quality when making a business purchase, but at the same time, you must always find the overall lowest price.

Moreover, in terms of magnitude, in reference to overshoot, it is dependent on time and the damping. Furthermore, we usually associate overshoot with settling time or the length of time an output requires to reach its steady-state.

In terms of approximation, the term overshoot describes the quality of the approximation. For example, the summation of terms representing a square wave. Such as an expansion in orthogonal polynomials or a Fourier series, the estimation of the function by a condensed number of terms in the series can display undershoot, overshoot, and ringing. Moreover, the more significant the number of terms retained in the series, the less distinct the migration of the estimate from the function it represents.

However, this function of overshoot or ringing of Fourier series and other eigenfunction series that occurs at simple discontinuities; we refer to it as the Gibbs phenomenon. In other words, it is a span in which the amplitude of the signal does not decrease, but at the same time, the oscillations do. Also, a Fourier series is an expansion of a periodic function in terms of an infinite sum of sines and cosines. Moreover, its use pertains to the representation of a periodic signal in terms of sine and cosine waves.

Furthermore, with regards to signal processing, overshoot is essentially the point in which the filter output is a higher maximum value than the input, and it is explicitly for the step response. Also, this will frequently yield the relative phenomenon, ringing artifacts. In terms of a definition, ringing artifacts are artifacts that occur in signal processing, that appear as specious signals near the sharp transitions of a signal.

In control systems engineering, there is a subfield of mathematics called control theory. The primary function of control theory is to address the control of continuously operating dynamical systems that exist within machines and in engineered processes. Furthermore, the overall objective is to cultivate a control model for the purpose of controlling such systems through the use of optimized control actions. This, of course, encompasses actions that optimally address these control functions without overshoot or delays, thus ensuring control stability.

Also, a device called the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is in extensive use as a facilitator of control theory. The PID controller is a versatile feedback compensator that is complex in its functional design, but easy to use. Furthermore, the two most essential characteristics of the PID controller is its ability to be easily understood and its effectiveness.

Moreover, it affords engineers the conceptional understanding of its differentiation and integration functions. This, in turn, makes it easier for them to implement the control system even without an in-depth knowledge of control theory. Although the PID controller’ compensator is simple, it is rather complicated since it can both anticipate future system behavior and capture system history.

When using a PID controller, increasing the proportional gain effectively and proportionally increases the control signal equal to the level of the error. Furthermore, this will cause closed-loop systems to increase reaction since the PID pushes harder for a specified level of error. However, the unwanted side effect of this increase in reaction time is overshoot. Moreover, an additional effect of increasing the proportional gain is the fact that it also tends to reduce the steady-state error, but not entirely.

However, adding the derivative to the controller affords the ability to anticipate errors. Also, in simple proportional control, if the proportional gain is static, the control will only increase if the error increase. Whereas with derivative control, if the error begins sloping upward, the control signal may increase substantially, even with a small error magnitude. Moreover, the ability to anticipate system behavior lends itself to the addition of system damping, and thus decreases overshoot. Overall, the added derivative term does not affect the steady-state error.

Finally, the adding of the integral term to the controller helps to reduce steady-state error. Furthermore, if there happens to be a persistent, steady-state error, the integrator builds and builds, thus increasing the control signal and in turn, driving the error down. However, the side effect of the integral term is that it slows the system because when an error signal changes sign, there is an integrator delay.

Another essential technique is to use damping resistors (snubbing resistor) in series near all driving signal sources with fast rise and fall times. Therefore, any signal reflection that occurs will be abruptly diminished by each pass through the resistor. Generally, these resistors are less than 100 ohms and positioned close to the driving signal source. In summary, this creates a damped circuit so that the signal rises to the proper logic level once without excessive ringing and overshoot.

Overshoot is more often than not, an undesired occurrence, mainly when it results in clipping. However, there are times when it is a desirable occurrence, such as in image sharpening, but for those in the field of PCB design, overshoot resides on the side of undesirable. Moreover, with the increasing competition for space on a finite landscape, approaching the ever-increasing design demands is even more critical. Though, all is not lost, with the proper care and simulation regimen in your design plans, overcoming overshoot and the myriad of other design challenges are but a simulation away

Cadence’s suite of design and analysis tools will have you and your designers and production teams working together to reduce overshoot in all of your PCB designs.Allegro PCB Designer can make it easy for your design to be segmented where signal integrity can be optimized while layout is happening among other production concerns.

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An expensive experiment in global distribution has been abandoned by Adidas, which has announced that will close its robotic “Speedfactories” in Atlanta and Ansbach, Germany, within 6 months. The company sugar-coated the news with a promise to repurpose the technology used at its existing human-powered factories in Asia.

The factories were established in 2016 (Ansbach) and 2017 (Atlanta) as part of a strategy to decentralize its manufacturing processes. The existing model, like so many other industries, is to produce the product in eastern Asia, where labor and overhead is less expensive, then ship it as needed. But this is a slow and clumsy model for an industry that moves as quickly as fashion and athletics.

“Right now, most of our products are made out of Asia and we put them on a boat or on a plane so they end up on Fifth Avenue,” said Adidas CMO Eric Liedtke in an interview last year at Disrupt SF about new manufacturing techniques. The Speedfactories were intended to change that: “Instead of having some sort of micro-distribution center in Jersey, we can have a micro-factory in Jersey.”

Ultimately this seems to have proven more difficult than expected. As other industries have found in the rush to automation, it’s easy to overshoot the mark and overcommit when the technology just isn’t ready.

In a press release, Adidas global operations head Martin Shankland explained that “The Speedfactories have been instrumental in furthering our manufacturing innovation and capabilities,” and that for a short time they even brought products to market in a hurry. “That was our goal from the start,” he says, though presumably things played out a bit differently in the pitch decks from 2016.

“We very much regret that our collaboration in Ansbach and Atlanta has come to an end,” Shankland said. Oechsler, the high-tech manufacturing partner that Adidas worked with, feels the same. “Whilst we understand adidas’ reasons for discontinuing Speedfactory production at Oechsler, we regret this decision,” said the company’s CEO, Claudius Kozlik, in the press release. The factories will shut down by April, presumably eliminating or shifting the 160 or so jobs they provided, but the two companies will continue to work together.

The release says that Adidas will “use its Speedfactory technologies to produce athletic footwear at two of its suppliers in Asia” starting next year. It’s not really clear what that means, and I’ve asked the company for further information.

Details will be announced soon, but Reuters is reporting Georgia is a virtual shoo-in as three different sources told the publication the automaker has had “advanced discussions with state officials to build a dedicated EV facility” there.

While there’s no word on how much the automaker could invest into the facility, the plant would apparently build the Hyundai Ioniq 7 and Kia EV9. Both models were previewed by concepts last year and are large crossovers that will appeal to American consumers.

The crossovers will ride on the E-GMP platform and are slated to offer three rows of seating. The concepts also had a 350 kW DC fast charging capability and a targeted range of at least 300 miles (483 km).

Getting back to the plant, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports the facility could create 8,500 jobs and discussions are focused on a parcel of land near Ellabell. The paper went on to note the state has previously pitched the 2,200 acre site to Jaguar Land Rover, Rivian, and Volvo.

It appears the two sides are still hammering out the details, but an announcement is expected shortly. In particular, one insider told Reuters that Hyundai wants to make the announcement during President Biden’s trip to South Korea, which begins on May 20th.

Intel’s announcement that it will spend $20 billion on a new chipmaking factory, or fab, in Ohio underscores the rising investment in semiconductor manufacturing. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (TSMC) doubled its factory investment (capex) last year and plans to spend as much as $44 billion in 2022. Most of this spending goes to new fabs; since TSMC is the leading foundry for fabless semiconductor vendors such as AMD, Nvidia, and Qualcomm, these factories should help break the supply-chain bottlenecks that have been hampering the industry. Samsung, the leading memory supplier and TSMC’s largest foundry competitor, plans to spend another $35 billion or so.

The problem is that new chip factories are extremely complex and require about two years from start of construction to producing chips in high volume. Any factories TSMC builds this year won’t kick in until 2024. Intel’s Ohio plant, which will take longer because it is starting from an empty site, targets first production in 2025.

Fortunately, chipmakers started to build more factories in 2H20, as the chip shortage first emerged, and these fabs should come on line later this year, helping to ease the shortage. But it will likely be 2023 by the time supply and demand are fully in balance. With even more fabs ramping up in subsequent years, will chipmakers overshoot the mark, resulting in a glut of chips in 2024 and beyond?

Those who follow the semiconductor market know that the industry is cyclical. The delay between starting a new fab and its production means that chipmakers must guess market conditions two years in advance, and they often guess poorly. As a result, the industry typically builds too much factory capacity when supply is short (as it is now), resulting in too much capacity two years later, by which time demand may have eased. The most recent example happened when memory demand surged in 2017 due to rapid growth in cloud computing; by the time new memory fabs finally began producing in 2019, they flooded the market with too many chips, and memory prices crashed.

This cycle should be different. Memory vendors have difficulty forecasting demand because they sell commodity chips, so many customers simply buy chips when they need them. Large customers may sign contracts for a year at a time, but that isn’t long enough to forecast demand for new fabs. In contrast, Intel and TSMC produce processors and other specialized parts that take two to three years to design. Thus, both companies know well ahead of time exactly what products they will be building and can make a fairly good forecast of demand.

Intel builds its own processors, so it just has to estimate PC and server demand. TSMC builds chips for others, but those companies engage with the foundry early in the design cycle to ensure compatibility with TSMC’s processes. The foundry works closely with its customers to project demand for these products. These chipmakers can still be caught off guard if demand suddenly surges, as it did in 2020, or drops, but they are unlikely to overbuild by a large amount.

The big increases in semiconductor capex can be seen partly as catching up from recent underspending. Total capex for the chip industry rose at an annual rate of only 6% from 2017 to 2020, according to IC Insights. In 2021, however, it jumped 34%, and projections from the three largest chipmakers indicate 2022 will see another 27% rise. Intel, for example, cut capex under CFO-turned-CEO Bob Swan, but new CEO Pat Gelsinger has embarked on a turnaround plan that includes spending up to $100 billion at the Ohio site and another $100 billion on European fabs over the next several years. Samsung, newly aggressive now that its de facto leader Lee Jae-Yong has returned from jail, plans to spend $205 billion in capex over the next three years, about half on chip factories. TSMC’s three-year plan includes $100 billion on new fabs.

Another reason that capex is rising is that chip factories are becoming more expensive. As transistors get smaller, the high-precision equipment required to manufacture them costs more; a single state-of-the-art EUV tool, for example, exceeds $100 million. These leading-edge technologies also require more steps, so fabs need more machines to maintain throughput. Thus, even with the growth in spending, a new factory may produce about the same number of chips as the previous one.

The bad news for CIOs is that it will take another year for the chip shortage to fully disappear, although supplies should improve during that period. The good news is that chipmakers are investing heavily to make sure that they are prepared for demand in 2024 and beyond, so we won’t have another painful shortage any time soon.

Disclosure: The Linley Group, a subsidiary of TechInsights, provides research services to and receives revenue from most of the technology companies named in this article.

This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.

This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.

"Duffless" is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series Fox network in the United States on February 18, 1993. After getting arrested for drunk driving, Homer tries to remain sober, at Marge"s request. Meanwhile, Lisa attempts to prove that Bart is less intelligent than a hamster after he ruins her first science fair project.

While having breakfast with her family, Lisa shows them her project for an upcoming science fair, a steroid-enhanced tomato she hopes will cure world hunger. At school, three days before the fair, Lisa leaves her tomato in Bart"s care for a moment and he hurls it at Principal Skinner"s butt. When Lisa returns, she is furious. She asks Marge for help, who suggests she run a hamster through a maze. Lisa likes the idea, but instead pits a hamster against Bart to find out who is smarter. After two easy tests, the hamster leads two to zero. Bart later discovers her plans to humiliate him at the fair and pre-empts them with a project of his own, "Can hamsters fly planes?", showing her hamster in the cockpit of a miniature plane. Despite Lisa"s objection concerning the lack of scientific merit, everyone is distracted by how cute the hamster is, and a proud Skinner hands Bart the winning ribbon.

Meanwhile, Homer sneaks out early at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant and accompanies Barney on a tour of the Duff brewery. Afterward, Homer refuses to let a drunk Barney drive home and forces him to hand over his keys. On their way out of the parking lot, their car is pulled over by police Chief Wiggum, along with Eddie and Lou. They administer a breathalyser test to Homer, which he fails. He is arrested, loses his license, and must attend traffic school and Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. In bed, Marge gives Homer a magazine quiz about his drinking. Hearing Homer"s answers, Marge asks him to give up beer for a month, and he agrees to. He exhibits more positive changes like losing weight, saving over $100 and not sweating while eating. After thirty days of sobriety, despite many temptations, Homer goes back to Moe"s for a beer, but leaves after a steady, appraising look at Barney and the other barflies. He and Marge ride a bike into the sunset singing "Raindrops Keep Fallin" on My Head".

Bart"s go-go ray idea was "stolen" from the opening credits of Mike Reiss said they did not want to show the hamster getting shocked but had to for plot purposes.Richard Nixon says, during the Duff commercial, was taken verbatim from the Kennedy-Nixon Debate during the 1960 Presidential Campaign.Adolf Hitler"s head, among other things, can be seen going by in bottles of Duff when the quality control man is not paying attention.Alice"s Adventures Through the Windshield Glass was pitched by Frank Mula.

The episode contains the first appearance of Sarah Wiggum.Bart the Daredevil": a close-up of Homer making a disappointed face and saying "D"oh!" when he gets arrested.

When Bart reaches for the cupcakes and collapses, it is a parody of a scene in 1960 United States presidential debates. The Duff clock is a parody of the "It"s a Small World" clock.Raindrops Keep Fallin" on My Head" plays is a reference to the film It Was a Very Good Year";Queen.Ernst Stavro Blofeld, who strokes a cat in his chair.Yeardley Smith and fellow cast member Hank Azaria. Bart makes several actions reminiscent of

"Duffless" aired during February sweeps and finished 19th in the weekly ratings for the week of February 15–21, 1993 with a Nielsen rating of 15.2 and was viewed in 14.2 million homes.Fox Network that week.

The authors of the book I Can"t Believe It"s a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide, Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood, said, "A superb episode with a sincere message. Homer is excellent throughout, but it is the cameos by Principal Skinner and Edna Krabappel that steal the show, especially the latter"s reaction to Milhouse"s Slinky."

Reiss, Mike; Klickstein, Mathew (2018). Springfield confidential: jokes, secrets, and outright lies from a lifetime writing for the Simpsons. New York City: Dey Street Books. p. 73. ISBN 978-0062748034.