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Xiao He (257 BC – 16 August 193 BCWestern Han dynasty. He served Liu Bang (Emperor Gao), the founder of the Han dynasty, during the insurrection against the Qin dynasty, and fought on Liu"s side in the Chu–Han Contention against Liu"s rival, Xiang Yu. After the founding of the Han dynasty, Xiao He became the chancellor and held office until his death. For his contributions, he is also known as one of the "Three Heroes of the early Han dynasty" (漢初三傑), along with Han Xin and Zhang Liang.

Xiao He was born in Fengyi County, Sishui Commandery (present-day Feng County, Jiangsu). In his early days, he served as a gongcao (功曹; magistrate"s secretary) in the administrative office of Pei County. He was studious, tactful and amiable. He was well versed in law and had a wide network of friends and acquaintances, among whom include Liu Bang, Cao Shen, Fan Kuai, Xiahou Ying and Zhou Bo.

Once, Liu Bang released some prisoners he was escorting to Mount Li to be labourers, and became a fugitive. He hid in an outlaw stronghold on Mount Mangdang (in present-day Yongcheng, Henan) and maintained secret contact with Xiao He and Cao Shen. In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang started the Dazexiang Uprising to overthrow the Qin dynasty, and was followed by numerous other rebellions throughout China. The magistrate of Pei County considered rebelling as well, so he heeded Xiao He and Cao Shen"s advice to invite Liu Bang back to support him. However, he changed his mind later and denied Liu Bang"s party entry into the city. As he was afraid that Xiao He and Cao Shen might open the gates for Liu Bang, he intended to have them executed, but Xiao and Cao escaped and joined Liu. As suggested by Xiao He, Liu Bang had letters sent to the townsfolk, fired into the city on arrows, urging them to join him. The people responded to Liu Bang"s call and killed the magistrate and welcomed him back into the city.

After returning to Pei County, the townsfolk wanted Liu Bang to lead them to overthrow the Qin dynasty. However, Liu Bang expressed reluctance in taking up the leadership position and the people agreed to decide their leader by luck. Xiao He was in charge of the process and he had the names of ten respectable men in town, including Liu Bang, written on separate pieces of paper and shuffled. Xiao He then asked Liu Bang to pick any piece from the pile, without seeing the name on it, and Liu picked his own name by chance. Liu Bang looked at Xiao He and wanted to decline again. Xiao He immediately grabbed the remaining pieces of paper, put them into his mouth and chewed them to shreds, after which he proclaimed Liu Bang as their leader. Liu Bang became known as the "Duke of Pei" and built his rebel army in Pei County, with Xiao He and his friends supporting him. Liu Bang learnt from Xiao He later that actually all the ten pieces of paper contained his name, and Xiao had deliberately tampered with the system to help him.

In 206 BC, the Qin dynasty collapsed after the last Qin ruler, Ziying, surrendered to Liu Bang. Liu Bang"s army occupied the Qin capital Xianyang. Upon entering the Epang Palace, Liu Bang and most of his men seized treasures and women for themselves, while Xiao He rushed to the chancellor"s office and ordered it to be heavily guarded. Xiao He then brought a few men with him to collect all official documents in the office and bring them out safely. Xiao He later explained that the documents were more valuable than riches and women, because they contained crucial information about the Qin Empire and would be useful in intelligence.

Liu Bang was forced to retreat from Xianyang later as Xiang Yu"s army arrived and occupied the city. After plundering Xianyang and destroying the palace, Xiang Yu divided the former Qin Empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms. Liu Bang received the title of "King of Han" and was relocated to the remote Bashu region (in present-day Sichuan), with Xiao He and his followers accompanying him. Liu Bang was unhappy and wanted to attack Xiang Yu because the land of Guanzhong rightfully belonged to him, according to an earlier promise by Emperor Yi of Chu, but was granted by Xiang to three surrendered Qin generals instead. However, Xiao He and others managed to persuade Liu Bang to temporarily remain in Bashu and build up his forces in preparation for a battle for supremacy with Xiang Yu later. Xiao He was appointed by Liu Bang as the chancellor of the Han kingdom.

During that time, Xiao He met Han Xin, who had recently joined Liu Bang"s army and was serving as a low-ranking soldier, and recognised Han Xin"s brilliance in military strategy. Not long later, many of Liu Bang"s men deserted as they were unable to cope with living in remote Bashu, and Han Xin also left as he was disappointed because he felt his talent would go to waste in Liu Bang"s camp. When Xiao He learnt that Han Xin had left, he immediately rushed to find Han and bring him back, without managing to inform Liu Bang in time. Xiao He caught up with Han Xin after trailing him for a few days, even at night, and succeeded in persuading Han to return. Meanwhile, Liu Bang thought that Xiao He had also deserted him and was shocked, but was relieved when he saw Xiao returning with Han Xin days later. Liu Bang asked Xiao He, "Of all those who deserted, why did you choose to bring back Han Xin only?" Xiao He then strongly recommended Han Xin to Liu Bang, saying that Han"s talent was unmatched. Liu Bang heeded Xiao He"s suggestion and appointed Han Xin as a general.

In 206 BC, Liu Bang conquered the Three Qins and left Xiao He in charge of Guanzhong and Bashu, while he led his army eastward to attack Xiang Yu"s Western Chu kingdom. Xiao He governed those territories effectively and provided support to Liu Bang"s army at the warfront in the form of supplies, provisions and reinforcements. While in Guanzhong, Xiao He restored peace and order by implementing a new system of governance and reconstructing destroyed buildings. Under the new system, taxes were readjusted to reduce the burden on the poor; land that used to belong to the Qin aristocracy was redistributed to peasants, in order to increase agricultural output; capable and respectable men were selected from among commoners to assist government officials in administration.

Liu Bang eventually defeated Xiang Yu at the Battle of Gaixia in 202 BC and unified China under his rule. He was proclaimed "Emperor" and became historically known as "Emperor Gaozu of Han". The following year, when Gaozu rewarded his subjects according to their contributions, Xiao He received the title of "Marquis of Zan" (酇侯) in addition to his appointment as chancellor. Besides, Gaozu also granted Xiao He a rare special privilege: Xiao was allowed to enter the imperial court carrying a sword and with his shoes on, and not required to walk in briskly while others had to.

In 201 BC, Emperor Gaozu wanted to build his capital in Luoyang but Zhang Liang suggested Xianyang instead, because it was surrounded by natural defences such as mountain passes, and had fertile land for agriculture. Gaozu put Xiao He in charge of the constructions in Xianyang. Two years later, the project was completed and Xiao He took Gaozu on a tour of Xianyang. The new palace was called Weiyang Palace and served as the central imperial palace throughout the Western Han dynasty and Xin dynasty. Gaozu also renamed Xianyang to "Chang"an", which meant "long-lasting peace".

In 196 BC, while Gaozu was away on a military campaign to suppress a rebellion by Chen Xi, one of Han Xin"s servants reported to Empress Lü Zhi that his master was involved in a conspiracy with Chen Xi and was planning a coup in Chang"an. Empress Lü approached Xiao He for help and they formulated a plan to lure Han Xin into a trap. Xiao He had an imperial edict sent to Han Xin, announcing news of Gaozu"s victory over Chen Xi, asking Han to meet the emperor and offer his congratulations. As soon as Han Xin arrived in Changle Palace, he was arrested and executed in a torturous manner for alleged treason.

In 195 BC, Xiao He saw that Chang"an was becoming more congested and the imperial garden was full of uncultivated land, hence he suggested to Gaozu to carve out parts of the garden and grant them to peasants as farmland. Gaozu was unhappy and accused Xiao He of accepting bribes and dishonouring imperial authority. Xiao He was arrested and imprisoned, but was released later after Gaozu was convinced that Xiao He had the people"s interests at heart. Gaozu summoned Xiao He to see him and he said with jest and embarrassment, "The chancellor was asking for the fields in the imperial garden out of interest for the people, but I did not approve. This showed that I"m only like Jie and Zhou (Emperors of the Xia and Shang dynasties), and that you"re the most understanding chancellor. Therefore, I intentionally imprisoned you to show the people that I"m a tyrant."

After the death of Gaozu, Xiao He continued serving Gaozu"s successor Emperor Hui as chancellor until he died in 193 BC. Before his death, Xiao He recommended Cao Shen to succeed him. Cao Shen inherited the system of governance left behind by Xiao He and maintained it well but did not implement any new changes.

Two of his descendants would later found imperial dynasties during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period. Xiao Daocheng would found the Southern Qi, while his distant cousin Xiao Yan would found the subsequent Liang dynasty.

Xiao He chases Han Xin under the moonlight (蕭何月下追韓信): Originated from the event where Xiao trailed Han Xin for a few days, even at night, in order to catch up with the latter and bring him back to Liu Bang. It is used to describe an urgent situation in which action has to be taken immediately without notification.

Success is due to Xiao He, downfall is also due to Xiao He (成也蕭何 敗也蕭何 Hangul: 성야소하 폐야소하): Xiao He helped Han Xin become a general, which enabled Han to put his talent to good use. However, Xiao also played an important role in Han"s death. It is used to describe a situation where one"s success and failure are both due to the same factor.

Cao following Xiao"s rules (萧规曹随): Cao Shen, Xiao He"s successor as chancellor, inherited the system of governance left behind by Xiao and maintained it well but did not implement any new changes. It is used to describe the continuation of the work of one"s predecessor.

Xiao He is one of the 32 historical figures who appear as special characters in the video game Koei. He also appears as a non-playable character in the action RPG

1.Haoqing Jiang, Xingtao Liu, Meng-Nan Zhu, Jin Xu, Licong An, Peng-Fei Sui, Jing-Li Luo, and Gary J. Cheng, "Nanoalloy Libraries from Laser Induced Thermionic Emission Reduction",Science Advances, 8, eabm6541 (2022).

2.Licong An, Haoqing Jiang, Danilo de Camargo Branco, Xingtao Liu, Jin Xu, Gary J. Cheng, "Self-packaged High-resolution Liquid Metal Nano-patterns",Matter, (2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2022.01.004.

3.Guo, S., Song, C., Liu, F., Zeng, D., Yuan, H., Liu, X., Jiang, H., and Cheng, G. J., Bionic Optical Leaf for Photoreduction of CO2 from Noble Metal Atom Mediated Graphene Nanobubble Arrays.ACS nano(2021), https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c04597.

4.Sen Xiang, Xingtao Liu, Rong Xu, Kejie Zhao, Dong Lin, Fei Yin, Gary J. Cheng, "Understanding the Role of Monolayer Graphene during Long Range Shock Strengthening of Metal-Graphene Heterostructure",Materials Science and Engineering A(2022), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.142741.

6.Shifeng Li, Lijun Ma, Leiyang Wang, Bang Wu, Yuyang Cheng, Xiao Lei, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "An Ultrawideband GaAs MMIC Microstrip Directional Coupler With High Directivity and Very Flat Coupling",IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,(2022), DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2022.3146028

7.Tan Shu, Feng Liu, Shuai Chen, Xingtao Liu, Chen Zhang, Gary J. Cheng, "Origins of ultrafast pulse laser-induced nano straight-lines with potential application in detecting sub-surface defects in SiC wafer",Nanomanufacturing and Metrology,(2022), in press.

8.Shifeng Li, Lijun Ma, Leiyang Wang, Xiao Lei, Bang Wu, Feng Liu*, Gary J. Cheng*, "High Power 10-18 GHz Monolithic Limiter Based on GaAs PIN Technology",IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, (2022), DOI:10.1109/LMWC.2022.3161152.

9.Xi Wu, Jun Yuan, Xuan-qi Guo, Li-jun Ma, Guo-qiang Wu*, Gary J. Cheng*, Yong Liu, and Feng Liu*, "Ultrahigh Sensitive Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor with Carbonized Metal�Organic Framework Fe3O4@MIL-100(Fe)",ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. 2022, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.2c00014

10.L Ma, X Lei, X Guo, L Wang, S Li, T Shu, GJ Cheng, F Liu, "Carbon Black/Graphene Nanosheet Composites for Three-Dimensional Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors",ACS Applied Nano Materials, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.2c01081

11.S. Wang, L. Wang, S. Zhang, H. Zheng, C. Zhang, S. Liu, F. Liu, G.J. Cheng, "A low-damage high precision copper removal process by femtosecond laser for integrated circuits",Vacuum, (2022).Volume 203, 111273.

15.Y. Li, X. Guo, S. Wang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhang, S. Liu, G.J. Cheng*, F. Liu*, "High-precision and high-efficiency copper removal by femtosecond laser in mixed hydrochloric acid-oxygen atmosphere",Journal of Manufacturing Process, (2022).

17.Chunpeng Song, Huanrui Yang, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Ultrafast Femtosecond Pressure Modulation of Structure and Exciton Kinetics in 2D Halide Perovskites for Enhanced Light Response and Stability",Nature Communication, (2021), DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-25140-2.

18.Licong An, Xingtao Liu, Biwei Deng, Haoqing Jiang, and Gary J. Cheng, "Liquid Metal Nanolayer Linked MOFs Nanocomposites by Laser Shock Evaporation",Matter, (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.10.012.

19.Jin Xu, Ruoxing Wang, Haoqing Jiang, Xingtao Liu, Licong An, Shengyu Jin, Biwei Deng, Wenzhuo Wu, Gary J. Cheng, "Magnetically Aligned Ultrafine Cobalt Embedded 3D Porous Carbon Metamaterial by One-step Ultrafast Laser Direct Writing",Advanced Science, (2021), DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102477.

21.Jun Yuan, Xiao Lei, Chenqi Yi, Haoqing Jiang, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "3D-printed hierarchical porous cellulose/alginate/carbon black hydrogel for high-efficiency solar steam generation",Chemical Engineering Journal, (2021), Volume 430, Part 2, 132765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132765

22.Xingtao Liu, Licong An, Seng Xiang, Haoqing Jiang, and Gary J. Cheng, "Three-dimensional MOF Nano-architecture Membrane via Ultrafast Laser Nanoforging",Small Methods, (2021), DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100758.

23.Huanrui Yang, Chunpeng Song, Tiancheng Xia,Shifeng Li, Dingyue Sun, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Ultrafast Transformation of PbI2 in Two-Step Fabrication of Halide Perovskite Film for Long-Term Performance and Stability via Nanosecond Laser Shock Annealing",Journal of Materials Chemistry C,(2021), DOI: 10.1039/d1tc02475b

24.Lijun Ma, Tiancheng Xia, Rui Yu, Xiao Lei, Jun Yuan, Xiaotian Li, Gary J. Cheng, Feng Liu, A 3D-Printed, Sensitive, Stable, and Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor for Health Monitoring,Advanced Engineering Materials,(2021), https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202100379

27.Jianguo Zhao, Chen Zhang, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Understanding Femtosecond Laser Internal Scribing of Diamond by Atomic Simulation: Phase Transition, Structure and Property", (2021),Carbon, (2021), ISSN 0008-6223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2021.01.111

28.Lijun Ma, Lei Xiao, Shifeng Li, Shuailong Guo, Jun Yuan, Xiaotian Li, Gary J. Cheng and Feng Liu, A 3D Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor Based on Surface-Filled Graphene Nanosheets Conductive Layer,Sensors and Actuators: A.Physical, (2021), Volume 332, 113144, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113144

29.Yueying Li, Yan Ma, Wenyuan Liu, Zhoufu Wang, Hao Liu, Xitang Wang, Hengyong Wei, Shenghao Zeng , Nian Yi, Gary J. Cheng, �Novel inorganic YFeO3 pigments with high near-infrared reflectance and infrared emission�,Solar Energy, Volume 226, 15 September (2021), Pages 180-191

31.Shuailong Guo, Hao Yuan, Feng Liu, Wei Luo, Bingjie Li, Yue Yang, Haoqing Jiang and Gary J. Cheng, "Silver Nanowires Interlocked Graphene Aerogel for Ultra-high Efficient Clearage of Oil Pollution on Water",Sustainable Materials and Technologies,(2021), in press.

34.Xiao Lei, Lijun Ma, Yunfan Li, Yuyang Cheng, Gary J. Cheng, Feng Liu, "Highly sensitive and wide-range flexible pressure sensor based on carbon nanotubes-coated polydimethylsiloxane foam",Materials Letters, Volume 308, Part B, 131151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.131151.

35.Yuan, Jun; Yi, Chenqi; Jiang, Haoqing; Liu, Feng; Cheng, Gary, "Direct Ink Writing of Hierarchically Porous Cellulose/Alginate Monolithic Hydrogel as Highly Effective Adsorbents for Environmental Applications", (2020),ACS Applied Polymer Materials, DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01002.

36.Jing Liu, Yaowu Hu, Prashant Kumar, Xingtao Liu, Joseph MK. Irudayaraj, and Gary J. Cheng, "Enhanced energy transfer from NV Centers to 3D Graphene Heterostructures by Laser Nanoshaping", (2020),Advanced Optical Materials, 2001830. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202001830.

38.Tiancheng Xia, Rui Yu, Jun Yuan, Chenqi Yi, Lijun Ma, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Ultrahigh sensitivity flexible pressure sensors based on 3D-printed hollow microstructures for electronic skins", (2020),Advanced Materials Technology. DOI: 10.1002/admt.202000984

39.Chunpeng Song, Huanrui Yang, Feng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Quantum Dots enabled Perovskite Thin Film with Enhanced Crystallization, Stability, Carrier diffusion via Pulsed Laser Nanoengineering",Advanced Materials Interfaces, (2020).DOI: 10.1002/admi.202001021.

40.Shuailong Guo, Hao Yuan, Wei Luo, Xiaoqing Liu, Xiantao Zhang, Haoqing Jiang, Feng Liu, and Gary J. Cheng, "Isolated Atomic Catalysts Encapsulated in MOF for Ultrafast Water Pollutant Treatment:,Nano Research, (2020), DOI:10.1007/s12274-020-3138-5

43.Rui Yui, Tiancheng Xia, Bang Wu, Jun Yuan, Lijun Ma, Gary J. Cheng, and Feng Liu, "Highly Sensitive Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor with 3D Conductive Network",ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,(2020).https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c09552

44.Jiayang Zhao, Yan Zeng, Jiao Wang, Qizhi Xu, Rongsheng Chen*, Hongwei Ni, Gary J. Cheng*, "Ultrahigh Electrocatalytic Activity with Trace Amount Platinum Loadings on Free-standing Mesoporous Titanium Nitride Nanotube Arrays for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction",Nanoscale, (2020), 12, 15393 - 15401. DOI: 10.1039/D0NR01316A

45.Yan Ma, Yu Chen, Zhoufu Wang, Hao Liu, Yueying Li, Xitang Wang, Hengyong Wei, Gary J. Cheng, "Controllable near-infrared reflectivity and infrared emissivity with substitutional iron-doped orthorhombic YMnO3 coatings",Solar Energy, (2020), 206, 778-786.

46.Yixiu Wang, Shengyu Jin, Qingxiao Wang, Min Wu, Shukai Yao, Peilin Liao, Moon J. Kim, Gary J. Cheng, Wenzhuo Wu, "Parallel nanoimprint forming of one-dimensional chiral semiconductor for strain-engineered optical properties",Nano-Micro Letters, (2020). DOI : 10.1007/s40820-020-00493-3

47.Chen Zhang, Junkai Zhu, Huai Zheng, Hui Li, Sheng Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "A Review on Microstructures and Properties of High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting",International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, (2020) Open access, https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2631-7990/ab9ead.

52.Maithilee Motlag, Xingtao Liu, Shengyu Jin, Qiong Nian, Jing Liu, Gary J. Cheng, "Molecular Scale Nanodiamond with High-density Color Centers Fabricated from Graphite by Laser Shocking",Cell Reports Physical Science, (2020), Cell Press. In press.

53.Haoqing Jiang, Lei Tong, Huidong Liu, Jin Xu, Shengyu Jin, Chao Wang, Xuejiao Hu, Lei Ye , Hexiang Deng and Gary J. Cheng, "Graphene-Metal Monolith Metastructure from Laser Shock induced Thermochemical Stitching of MOF Crystals",Matter, (2020).

55.A. Yadav, A. Kaushik, Y. Mishra, V. Agrawal, A. Ahmadivan, K. Maliutina, Y. Liu, Z. Ouyang, W. Dong, G.J. Cheng, Fabrication of 3D polymeric photonic arrays and related applications,Materials Today Chemistry, (2019), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2019.100208

57.Chunpeng Song, Lei Tong, Feng Liu, Lei Ye, Gary J. Cheng, "Addressing the Reliability and Electron Transport Kinetics in Halide Perovskite Film via Pulsed Laser Engineering",Advanced Functional Materials, (2019), in press.

59.Biwei Deng, Rong Xu, Xiaokang Wang, Licong An, Kejie Zhao, Gary J. Cheng, �Roll to Roll Manufacturing of Fast charging, Mechanically Robust 0D/2D nanolayered Si-graphene Anode with Well-Interfaced and Defect Engineered Structures�,Energy Storage Materials, (2019), https://doi.org/10.​1016/​j.​ensm.​2019.​07.​01

61.H. Jiang, S. Jin, C. Wang, R. Ma, Y. Song, M. Gao, X. Liu, A. Shen, G.J. Cheng, H. Deng, �Nanoscale Laser Metallurgy and Patterning in Air Using MOFs�,�Journal of American Chemical Society, (2019). DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00355

67.P Kumar,� M Motlag, J Liu, Y Hu, L Ye, J Irudayaraj, GJ Cheng, "Laser shock tuning dynamic interlayer coupling in graphene moir� superlattices",Nano Letters, (2018), DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03895.

68.Q. Nian, K. Leedy, D. Look, G.J. Cheng, �Optoelectronic Performance Enhancement in Pulsed Laser Deposited Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide (GZO) Films after UV Laser Crystallization�,Applied Physics A,(2018), 124:633. DOI:10.1007/s00339-018-2032-4.

70.Y. Chen, Y. Ma, Z. Wang, X. Wang, H. Liu, G.J. Cheng, Molten salt synthesis of YMnO3 powder with high near-infrared reflectivity,Materials Letters, (2018), Vol. 229, 171-173.

72.S. Liu, M.C. Yuen, E.L. White, J.W. Boley, B. Deng, G.J. Cheng and R. Kramer-Bottiglio, �Laser Sintering of Liquid Metal Nanoparticles for Scalable Manufacturing of Soft and Flexible Electronics�,ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, (2018), 10 (33), pp 28232�28241, DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08722.

79.P. Kumar, J. Liu, Y. Hu, SRKC Yamijala, S.K. Pati, J. Irudayaraj G.J. Cheng, "Alpha Lead oxide (α-PbO): A New 2D material with visible light sensitivity",Small, (2017), 14(12):e1703346. doi: 10.1002/smll.201703346.��

84.A. Yadav, L.Bai, Y.Yang, J.Liu, A.KAUSHIK, G.J. Cheng, L.Jiang, L. Chi and Z. Kang, �Lasing behavior of surface functionalized carbon quantum dots/RhB composite�,Nanoscale, (2017), 9, 5049.�� DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01260h

85.Lei, Jincheng; Hu, Yaowu; Liu, Zishun ; Cheng, Gary; Zhao, Kejie, "Defects mediated corrosion in graphene coating layer",ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,(2017), 9 (13), 11902�11908�� DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01539

115.D Lin, P Kumar, S Jin, S Liu, Q Nian, GJ Cheng, �Laser direct writing of crystalline Fe2O3 atomic sheets on steel surface in aqueous medium�,Applied Surface Science, 351, 148�154 (2015)

116.Zhixiao Liu, Biwei Deng, Gary J. Cheng, Huiqiu Deng, Partha P. Mukherjee, "Mesoscale Elucidation of Laser-assisted Chemical Deposition of Sn Nanostructured Electrodes",Journal of Applied Physics, 117(21), 214301. (2015)���

118.J Liu, P Kumar, Y Hu, GJ Cheng, J Irudayaraj, "Enhanced Multi-Photon Emission from CdTe/ZnS Quantum Dots Decorated on Single Layer Graphene",Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 119 (11), 6331�6336. (2015)

123.D Lin, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, �Single Layer Graphene Oxide Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites by Laser Sintering: Microstructure and Mechanical Property Enhancement�,Acta Materialia, Vol.80, 183�193, (2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.07.038.

133.D Lin, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, "Laser Sintering of Separated and Uniformly distributed Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Integrated Iron Nanocomposites",Journal of Applied Physics, 115, 113513.(2014)

134.Z Liu, Z Cao, B Deng, Y Wang, J Shao, P Kumar, CR Liu, B Wei, GJ Cheng, �Ultrafast and scalable photochemical synthesis of tin oxide nanotubes with mesoporous nanocrystals and their application in lithium ion batteries�,Nanoscale, 6, 5853-5858 (2014) DOI: 10.1039/C3NR06444A.

137.Q Nian, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, �Laser assisted electro-deposition of earth abundant Cu2ZnSnS4 photovoltaic thin film�,Manufacturing Letters, (2013) DOI:10.1016/j.mfglet.2013.09.008.

144.D Lin, C Ye. YL Liao, S Suslov, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, �Mechanism of fatigue performance enhancement in a laser sintered superhard nanoparticles reinforced nanocomposite followed by laser shock peening�,Journal of Applied Physics, 113, 133509. (2013) http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799154.

151.R Voothaluru, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, �Finite Element Analysis of the Variation in Residual Stress Distribution in Laser Shock Peening of Steels�,Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 134(6), 061010.(2012)

155.Z Liu, Y Wang, YL Liao, GJ Cheng, �Direction-tunable nanotwins in copper nanowires by laser assisted electrochemical deposition�,Nanotechnology, 23, 125602, (2012) doi:10.1088/0957-4484/23/12/125602 .

156.D Lin, MY Zhang, C Ye, Z Liu, CR Liu, GJ Cheng, "Large scale, highly dense nanoholes on metal surfaces by underwater laser assisted hydrogen etching near nanocrystalline boundary",Applied Surface Science, 258(10), p. 4254-4259. (2012)

161.D. Lin, S Suslov, C Ye, YL Liao, C. R. Liu, GJ Cheng, �Laser Assisted Embedding of Nanoparticles into Metallic Materials�,Applied Surface Science, 258(7), p.2289�2296. (2011)doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.09.132.

184.DC Rieck, B Liu, D.F Moffett, KA David, GJ Cheng, BJ Van Wie, "Functionalization of Micro- and Nano-Apertures with Chromate-Selective Solvent Polymeric Membrane",Analytica Chimica Acta, 659(1-2), 243-250. (2010)

191.B Liu, V Bernard J., GJ Cheng, DF Moffett, DA Kidwell, �Bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) based ion selective electrodes at the meso, micro, and nano scales�,Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 24, pp. 1843-49. (2008)

2. H. F. Doty, B. J. Van Wie*, G. Hooks, J. E. Ebaugh,S. J. Haarsma, H. Fuchida, G.J. Cheng,B. Liu, D. A. Kidwell, I. R. Beattie, B. D. Schmuck, 2007, "Enhancing Educational Motivation among Native High Schoolers: Cutting Edge Nanoscience Placed in an Environmental Water Quality Context,"Innovations 2007, Editor(s): W. Aung, et al. iNEER, Chapter 44, pp. 484-93, invited by Dr. Win Aung, Chair of NSF/ENG IREE Working Group.

7. L. Tang, Y. Wang, M. Manfra, G.J. Cheng, T.D. Sands, �Thin and Flexible Gallium Nitride and Method of Making the Same�, Publication number: US20130140517 A1, Publication date: Jun 6, 2013, Filing date: Jun 29, 2012, Priority date: Jun 29, 2011. Google patent: www.google.com/patents/US20130140517 (pending)

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Yusheng Su, Xiaozhi Wang, Yujia Qin, Chi-Min Chan, Yankai Lin, Huadong Wang, Kaiyue Wen, Zhiyuan Liu, Peng Li, Juanzi Li, Lei Hou, Maosong Sun, Jie Zhou

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