snubbing unit vs workover rig factory

Snubbing units have evolved into one of the most capable and efficient well servicing tools in the oil & gas industry. In the 1920"s, the need for a rig to work with pressures at surface drove the invention of the snubbing unit. The first snubbing unit was primarily designed to work in well control situations to "snub" drill pipe and or casing into, or out of, a well bore when conventional well killing methods could not be used. The first snubbing unit relied on the draw works of the companion rig to supply its" power. A series of sheaves, cables and counter weights were rigged up so that as the rig"s traveling blocks hoisted up, the snubbing unit would snub in the hole. Conversely, when the traveling blocks on the rig were lowered, the snubbing unit would snub out of the hole. As you can imagine, this required close communication with several different contractors in order to perform the work safely and efficiently.

One of the main components of a snubbing unit is the slip. Stationary and travelling slips are operated in sequence to grip the pipe as it is snubbed into the well. Typically, a minimum of four slip bowls are used in snubbing operations. Two slip bowls are designated for "pipe light" operations. Pipe light is when the well bore forces are greater than the tubular weight in the well bore. The other two slip bowls are designated for "pipe heavy" operations. Pipe heavy occurs when either enough pipe has been snubbed into the well bore and fluid weight inside of the pipe is greater than the snub forces acting against the pipe in the well bore.

While snubbing into the hole, there is a transition point the tubular goes through from being pipe light, to pipe heavy. This transition is an equilibrium typically referred to as the "balance point". The balance point occurs when there is enough pipe weight in the wellbore to equal the snub forces generated against the pipe. In certain instances, thousands of feet of pipe can be moved with minimal effort since the pipe weight is at an equal state with the snub forces. Snubbing contractors calculate this snub force and add in a friction factor from the BOP and wall contact on either a casing or tubing string. If done correctly, the snubbing contractor can predict when this balance point will take place and can properly prepare for it.

Modern snubbing units are powered by sophisticated hydraulic systems. These hydraulic units typically supply all power required by the components of a snubbing operation. With a better understanding of hydraulics and modern advances, companies have been able to harness this hydraulic energy to develop precision controlled snubbing units. These units move tubulars into and out of a well bore by use of a "multi cylinder jack"; a snubbing jack comes in many sizes depending on the task at hand. They are usually denoted in size by the snubbing unit description (i.e. 460K, 340K, 200K, etc). The 460K snubbing unit has the ability to lift 460,000 LBS and a snubbing capacity of 230,000 LBS. Most snubbing units can typically snub half of their lift rating. Assume you had a well with 10,000 PSI at surface and wished to snub in a string of 2 3/8" tubing. The snubbing contractor can calculate the snub force, add in their respective friction calculations and project the snub force to overcome will be approximately 51,000 LBS. This would put a 120K snubbing unit to close to its maximum capacity of 60,000 LBS snub loading. The safest bet would be a 150K or 235K snubbing unit.

Well control is taken very seriously by snubbing contractors. The BOP is the only barrier between the well bore and personnel. Depending upon well conditions, pressures and work performed, the BOP stack configuration varies greatly; there can be a minimum of three BOP"s and in some cases, up to ten. All of this is determined in the pre-job phase of the operation.

Pipe handling is performed by the snubbing units "gin pole" and "pipe winches". The gin pole is typically telescoped out in excess of 40ft above the snubbing unit. With the use of dual tubing winches, multiple joints of pipe can be handled simultaneously, speeding up the operation.

The snubbing "basket" is the platform where the snubbing personnel work. The basket contains all of the necessary hydraulic controls to operate all the features of the snubbing unit, as well as a large bank of BOP"s and hydraulic valve controls.

Today"s snubbing units can be employed to provide a wide range of services. In essence, a snubbing unit is a hydraulic rig that can do everything a rig can do, plus it can perform under pressure in an under balanced live well state. This is especially critical to the operators in the Haynesville Shale, which is known for HPHT wells. With the use of the snubbing units" hydraulic rotary, the unit can be employed for fishing, milling, drilling, side tracking or any task needed to remove bridge plugs, cement or deepen wells.

The industry has become more aware of damages caused by heavy kill weight fluids and mud. This has helped make snubbing units more popular in a completion and workover role, versus its" traditional use as a well control response tool. With the advances in drilling technologies in the unconventional shale market, the benefits of snubbing units have become very apparent. These types of completions often have laterals extending out thousands of feet. With costly stimulations used to help extract the gas more efficiently, operators often times do not wish to turn around and load the well with heavy fluids to complete the well dead.

Coiled tubing has its limitations in reach, due to wall to wall mechanical friction in horizontal wells. Often times the coiled tubing units cannot reach TD or supply the needed weight on bit to mill up composite plugs typically used in completions.

Another clear advantage to using a snubbing unit is its" small footprint, which is critical on the tight locations in the unconventional shale"s. Moreover, the small size and ease of mobilizing is especially useful and cost effective with offshore wells.

In conclusion, with the snubbing unit"s size, ability to handle pressure, rotary capabilities, rigidity of jointed tubing and minimal wall contact, snubbing units have become the chosen resource for these types of completions.

The rig assist unit was installed on top of the rig’s Bops. A landing joint was lowered into the stack and screwed into the tubing hanger. The snubbing Bops were tested using the rig pump to 35mpa

The stack was equalized using the snubbing unit equalize line to well bore pressure. The hanger hold-down screws were backed out and the tubing hanger staged out using the snubbing units annular and stripping rams

Once the lift force from the well overcame the weight of the string, the snubbing unit took over pipe movement. The tubing connections were still staged out and the pipe continued to be racked in the derrick

The joint was gently snubbed up until the fill/flow sub was above the snubbing unit annular element. The operator continued to raise the tubing until the lower connection of the 3m pup joint engaged the bottom side of the stripping rams. The rams were locked and the chamber between the stripping rams and annular was re-equalized

BHA: Bottom hole assembly. Describes the production or workover tools used for completion or workover operations. (i.e. packers, bridge plugs, fishing tools, etc).

BOP stack: A series of blow out preventers stacked together using an equalizing and bleed of spool. Stack normally consists of an annular; equalize spool and a set of stripping rams. In snubbing operations the BOP stack is considered a secondary BOP. When working in conjunction with a workover, service or drilling rig the rig supplies the primary BOP’s.

Counter Balance Winches: A winch that can hydraulically counter balance the weight it is picking up. This gives the winch the ability to automatically feed off should the load placed upon it become greater than the actual weight being held via the hydraulics. Typically the snubbing unit will have two of these winches.

Equalize line: High pressure line pipe, chick sans (swivels) and valves for use during a snubbing operation to equalize or bleed off pressures within different chambers in a snubbing BOP stack.

Equalize spool: A ported spool for use in a snubbing operations allowing the operator the ability to equalize or bleed off certain sections of the BOP stack.

Gas well snubbing: Workover or completion work on a gas well which is either live or underbalanced with a rig assist or self-contained snubbing unit. Many gas well formations are fluid sensitive making a snubbing operation ideal for maximum production of the well. Eliminates the need for expensive kill fluids.

Guide Tube: Any arrangement of support system that prevents columnar buckling of the pipe being snubbed. Typical arrangements can be telescopic or static depending on the design of the snubbing unit structure.

Hydraulic Workover Unit: A unit that competes directly with conventional work over rigs. By utilizing hydraulic cylinders instead of a traditional draw-works arrangement, the unit maintains a small footprint allowing rig up in tight areas such as on offshore platforms.

Live well completions: A well condition where tubulars and tools are pulled or inserted into a well with the use of a rig assist snubbing unit or self-contained snubbing unit. The well has surface pressure from the down hole formations. Wells can be either gas or oil.

Live well workovers: Describes the condition of a gas or oil well is in when tubulars are snubbed in or out of well. There is pressure at surface in these wells making them ideal candidates for snubbing operations.

Lower snubbing basket: The work floor area which allows access to the snubbing crew to the BOP stack components and stationary snubbing and heavy slips.

Passive Rotary: A turn-table integrally mounted in the snubbing unit traveling plate which allows the rotation of the string with the slips closed on the pipe in either the snub mode or pipe heavy mode. This rotary must be driven with an external force be it by hand or with a power swivel rigged above the unit.

Pipe Heavy: In regards to snubbing, this is a pipe condition in which the tubing has sufficient string weight to overcome the forces acting on its cross-sectional area. Once the weight is sufficient, it overcomes the force applied by the pressure in the well and will fall under its own weight into the well.

Pipe Light:  In regards to snubbing, this term describes the condition when the well bore forces acting on the cross-sectional area of the pipe being snubbed are greater than string weight; if tubing is not controlled, the snubbing unit will eject itself from the well.

Power-Pack: This is the prime mover that provides the force needed to turn hydraulic pumps which allow the operation of the snubbing jack and BOP systems. Diesel engines are the most common form, although electric drives are also utilized in special circumstances.

Powered Rotary: A turn-table integrally mounted in the snubbing unit traveling plate which allows the rotation of the string with the slips closed on the pipe in either the snub mode or pipe heavy mode. This rotary is driven with hydraulic motors, allowing the unit to perform string rotation without external support equipment.

Rig assist snubbing: A mobile snubbing unit, either truck-mounted or skid-mounted, that works in conjunction with a workover, service or drilling rig for workover or completions work on a live well or underbalanced well. Unit is capable of running or pulling tubulars and tools under pressure.

Scalloped spool: A spacer spool modified for snubbing to allow well bore pressures to equalize or bleed off around the tubing hanger when landing or pulling the hanger.

Self contained snubbing:A snubbing unit which stands alone by itself with no need of a service, workover or drilling rig. A self-contained unit is capable of workover or completion work on a live well or underbalanced well or indirect.

Snubbing: A procedure in which tubing is run or pulled from a well, which is in an underbalanced or live well condition. Snubbing units have specialized pressure control devices which permit them to deliver drilling, completion and workover services while there is pressure in the wellbore. Snubbing units eliminate the need to neutralize well pressure prior to servicing and therefore avoid the formation damage which neutralizing pressure can have on a well’s ability to produce.

Snubbing Assistant: This person’s position is primarily focused on taking direction from the snubbing operator, and entails routine maintenance, pipe handling and power tong operation.

Snubbing jack: The structure of the unit designed to withstand engineered ratings for both the pipe weight and the force applied by the unit’s hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulically operated equipment which enables crews to work on underbalanced or live well.

Snubbing Operator:Equivalent to a driller position, the snubbing operator physically operates the snubbing unit and takes direction from the snubbing supervisor. The operator is responsible for managing the daily activities of the rest of the snubbing crew, and ensuring that the equipment is functioning as designed.

Snubbing slips: A set of hydraulically actuated slips which can be run either inverted or right side up to control the movements of pipe in conjunction with a snubbing jack to insert or extract tubulars under live well or underbalanced conditions.

Snubbing Supervisor:Equivalent to a rig manager or tool push, the snubbing supervisor is responsible for all aspects of the snubbing unit and its operations. He/she is the direct liaison to the oil company representative he/she is working for. All members of the snubbing crew are subordinate to the snubbing supervisor. Typically the supervisor will have in excess of 10 years’ experience in snubbing operations.

Snubbing unit: A hydraulically actuated unit with slips, BOP stack and hydraulic jack for inserting or pulling tubing and BHA’s from underbalanced or live well conditions.

Stand alone snubbing (see self contained unit): Use of a snubbing unit by itself without the aid of a service, workover or drilling rig. Unit is capable of workover or completion work on a live well or underbalanced well.

Stationary snubbing slips: A set of snubbing slips that are typically mounted on top of a BOP stack which will hold pipe that is in a pipe light or neutral state.

Stripping: : During snubbing operations this is the procedure where you move pipe through a closed preventer (pipe rams or annular) on a live or underbalanced well containing pressure from the well bore with a closed preventer.

Stripping on: : The procedure in which a snubbing unit is rigged onto a service, workover or drilling rig, which is holding the pipe heavy tubing string with their tubing slips and not with a tubing hanger landed.

Stripping Ram: A hydraulically operated ram style BOP used during snubbing and stripping operations. Typically the ram front insert is a sacrificial material that is easily replaced for extended stripping. Materials for the inserts can be custom ordered for the application at hand.

TEP: A type of tubing plug developed for snubbing to control well bore pressures inside the tubing. Only viable for snubbing in operations. The plug is a machined collar with a removable disc and “o” ring. Once the tubing string has been snubbed in, the disc can be knocked out by equalizing the tubing string and flowing the casing. Once an overbalanced condition has been achieved inside the tubing string, the disc will fall out. Disc may also be removed by sand line or wire line tapping down on the disc once tubing string has been equalized with casing pressures.

Traveling plate: The plate which connects the rods from the hydraulic cylinders together on a snubbing unit where the traveling and heavy slips are attached. There are many cylinder configurations and stroke lengths possible depending on job requirements.

Traveling snubbing slips: A set of slips mounted upside down on a snubbing jacks traveling plate, which controls the movement of tubing in or out of a well. Slips will hold tubing only when tubing is in the pipe light state.

Underbalanced:A term to describe the pressure conditions in a well. Formation pressure is greater than the hydrostatic pressure of fluid, mud, etc… exerted on the formation causing pressure to migrate to surface in a well. A well in an underbalanced state is a prime candidate for snubbing.

Underbalanced completions: The condition of a well when completion services such as snubbing are performed. Formation pressure is greater than the hydrostatic pressure inside the well bore causing pressure to be at surface in the well. Underbalanced completions are prime candidates for snubbing. Typically wells have been perforated before snubbing unit arrives and the unit snubs in a production string to allow the well to be produced.

Underbalanced drilling: This term describes the condition of the well when drilling operations are ongoing. Snubbing units are used to snub out drill strings, i.e. bit changes and then snub in the drill string again or run productions strings.

Underbalanced workovers: The well is live with pressure to surface when workover operations are performed. Rig assist snubbing or self-contained snubbing units are used for the running or pulling of tubulars and BHA’s. Typically the snubbing unit pulls pipe from the well, the original zone is worked over, abandoned, or a new zone perforated and the snubbing unit snubs the production string back into the well.

Well control:In regards to snubbing, well control is the operation of containing well bore pressure with the use of a blowout preventer stack and tubing pressure by the use of a plugging system.

Snubbing is a type of heavy well intervention performed on oil and gas wells. It involves running the BHA on a pipe string using a hydraulic workover rig. Unlike wireline or coiled tubing, the pipe is not spooled off a drum but made up and broken up while running in and pulling out, much like conventional drill pipe. Due to the large rigup, it is only used for the most demanding of operations when lighter intervention techniques do not offer the strength and durability.drilling and completions operations, snubbing can be performed with the well still under pressure (not killed). When done so, it is called hydraulic workover. It can also be performed without having to remove the Christmas tree from the wellhead.

A snubbing rigup is a very tall structure. It consists of a hydraulically powered snubbing unit, which provides the force on a pipe, above a string of multi-layered pressure control components.

At the top of the snubbing unit is the basket, which serves as the control post for the rigup. Below the basket are the hydraulic jacks, which power the pipe into and out of the hole. It consists of two mechanisms for applying force to the pipe in either direction. Each mechanism consists of travelling and stationary slips. The travelling slips are used to move the pipe, while the stationary slips are used to hold the pipe while the travelling slips are repositioned between strokes.

Unlike coiled tubing or wireline, where the wire or tubing is always the same diameter allowing for a single unmoving primary barrier (stuffing box or stripper), snubbing uses a pipe, which will have an enlarged collar at the connection between the joints. Therefore, the pressure control system must be able to accommodate this variable diameter. The stripping rams accomplish this. The first stage of lowering a collar through the stripping system is to close the lower rams so as to seal off the mechanism above from wellbore pressure. The space between the rams can then be bled off allowing the upper rams to be opened. The collar can then pass through the opened upper rams. Once the collar is in between the rams, the upper rams are closed and pressure is equalised either side of the lower rams. The lower rams are then safely opened and the collar is lowered through the rams.

Because snubbing is normally done under pressure, initially, the weight of pipe in wellbore is less than the force due to the wellbore pressure. This is described as light-pipe: downward force is required on the pipe to force it in against resistance. Once a sufficient amount of pipe has been run into the hole, the weight becomes sufficient to overpower the wellbore pressure and the pipe naturally wants to fall in the hole; this is heavy-pipe. At this point, the snubbing mechanism is changed over to the one which provides upward force to hold the pipe and lower it controllably into the well.

The more complex method of pressure control, as compared to coiled tubing and wireline, naturally invites more opportunity for things to go wrong. One such peril was seen in June 2007 on the Shearwater platform. Snubbing was being used to clean out large pebble, which had entered the well through a collapsed liner. While pulling out of hole, one stripping ram was not opened sufficiently and a collar on the pipe string caught on the ram. The excessive force applied to the pipe caused it to break apart, dropping the string below the failure into the well. In the time it took to prepare to fish out the pipe, the pebbles in the process of being circulated out, settled on the pipe, preventing successful fishing.

Not all Snubbing units are large and time consuming to rig up. In the Canadian oilfield many companies use small "Stand Alone" snubbing units which can be broken down and rigged up in less than 3hrs. These Units consist of 4 segments which can be placed onto 4 separate trucks. These 4 segments consist of the following:

Units varies in strength, there are 95K, 120K, 150K, 170K, 225K, 340K, 460K, 600K The number indicates their working strength in pulling force, and 150K means the unit is capable of pulling maximal 150000 pounds. This is based on the hydraulic force acting on the size of the unit"s piston size. Also are there more complex special built unit to find as the CSU 160 a special build rig assist unit, and stand alone units like

When moving tubing into and out of a pressurized well, slips are used to hold onto the pipe. The modern HCU systems have 4 sets of slips: two sets of snubbing slips control pipe during pipe light operations and two sets of heavy slips control pipe during pipe heavy operations. Once the slips bite the pipe, a hydraulic jack is used to move the pipe into or out of the well. The process is relatively fast and consists of one set of slips biting the pipe, the other set opening, the jack moving the pipe about 10 ft, then the other slips grab the pipe again. Snubbing units are able to move pipe into and out of the well without any pressurized fluid escaping. This process is called stripping, which is the act of moving pipe through a closed annular blow out preventer. (Note: when working with wellhead pressures in excess of 3,000 psi, can test the efficient operating limitations of most coiled tubing units.) When working with surface pressure greater than 3,000 psi, all pipe connections must be “staged” into or out of the well in a process called ram to ram staging. An equalizing valve and a bleed-off valve are used to safely move the tubing and couplings through the BOP. The final set of safety devices are the profile nipples installed periodically throughout the tubing string. In the event of a check valve or tubing failure, wireline plugs can be run to isolate the problem.

The first stick pipe snubbing system began drilling out frac plugs early in the Marcellus shale development. It can trip pipe using the snubbing unit during pipe light and transition periods but quicken its trip time using the workover rig and its blocks during the pipe heavy period. A disadvantage of this package is that it requires the integration of two services to perform one operation. It is vital that both services have exceptional communication during the job.

The HCU eliminates the need for the service rig and consists of a stand-alone unit that mounts on the wellhead after the stimulation treatment is complete. Primary components include the jack assembly, traveling/stationary slips, a redundant series of primary and secondary blowout preventers, a rotary table and makeup tongs, a tubing buckling prevention system, and equalizing loops for the snubbing rams. The HCU typically uses 2 7/8” tubing with PTECH or PH-6 premium connections to carry a downhole motor, dual back pressure values and a tri-cone drill bit. A distinct advantage to the stand along unit compared to the coiled tubing unit is the ability to operate on wells were the surface pressure is greater than 3,000 psi. The HCU’s slip interlock system solves this by removing the human error factor that previously allowed the operator to inadvertently open both sets of corresponding slips simultaneously. The interlock system does not allow the current slip to open without the other slip having a true bite on the pipe and when in use, the potential for dropped or launched pipe is significantly reduced. The interlock system also notifies the operator if there is a sheared slip with proximity sensors that detect any fault in the slips and provide safe working conditions. In high pressure situations above 3,000 psi, the operator will snub, or strip, ram to ram. Previously, operators had to make the dangerous assumption that a ram was truly closed and sealed around the pipe. With ram indicators in place, this is no longer an issue as the technology notifies the operator whether a ram is completely sealed or not. The WOB can be adjusted at any time during the operation by the unit operator to account for any change in hole conditions.

Traditionally coiled tubing units have been utilized for frac plug drill outs in horizontal wells in the Permian Basin. Due to increasing well complexity operators have begun using high technology hydraulic completion units, also known as a snubbing unit, to drill out frac plugs.

There have been many SPE papers that review tools and procedures for coiled tubing to become more consistent and effective at drilling out frac plugs and reach further into the lateral. The objective of these investigations was to determine a better way to remove frac plug cuttings and frac sand from the lateral, while reducing sweeps and short trips back to the curve. The authors sought but could not identify any previous publications on the use of snubbing systems to drill out frac plugs. Dissolvable plug technology has developed as a possible alternative to composite plugs in extended reach laterals, but industry experience has been inconsistent at best. In a comprehensive study of Permian and Eagle ford wells, drill-out times and costs were compared between composite and dissolvable plugs

In a few instances, the coiled tubing had to be cut and the well worked over to try and remove the stuck tubing. Fishing coiled tubing in the lateral is a difficult and costly task. Cutting the coiled tubing and rigging the unit down from location adds an additional five to seven days and is followed by a workover rig or HCU to fish the tubing. The fishing job described above requires several weeks of operations and it is known that costs can easily surpass $1MM.

The HCU presented a solution to the problems encountered with a CTU mainly due to the ability to rotate the workstring which resulted in more efficient hole cleaning. The added rotation aided in more efficient cuttings transport in the lateral which in turn resulted in a major reduction in chemical usage and cost. Use of POP friction reducer, which is pumped when torque and drag values begin to trend higher than modeled, decreased significantly after the implementation of the HCU. Although there were two to three CTUs running during the year as compared to one HCU, the ratio of events is ~4:1 and total number of hours is well over 10:1. The longest NPT events are when the CTU becomes stuck and cannot work the tubing free. The benefit of the HCU was the unit was able to fish and retrieve the workstring without moving off the well or calling out another unit. As the HCU was trialed in various fields and formations across the Permian Basin it became clear it excelled in particular fields, generally those with higher pressure. While the HCU has the ability to drill out successfully in each of the fields in the Permian, there are more complex fields, that are exclusive to the HCU application. Also, a large decrease in average days to drill out in Eddy County when comparing the HCU to the CTU.

As mentioned, another benefit of the HCU is the ability to drill out and install the downhole completion equipment without moving off the well or bringing in a workover unit. This eliminates the need to rig up a workover unit to run production tubing and artificial lift. The HCU has successfully run tubing, gas lift mandrels, and a control line through the unit.

Implementation of HCUs into the Permian Basin fleet in 2019 has resulted in significant improvements in drill out metrics in many applications. The addition of pipe rotation has decreased the need for chemicals by almost one third the volume which has greatly reduced costs. The ability to install production equipment directly after drilling out the frac plugs has decreased the time from drill out to initial production by 16%. The units have proven useful for a variety of work throughout the Permian Basin beyond drilling out frac plugs. Fields with longer laterals, high reservoir pressure, or downhole complexities are being drilled out successfully and efficiently. The HCUs have proven to be a viable and cost-effective option to drill out frac plugs in high pressure and extended reach lateral wells.

Krane, B., DeFriend, M., Garza, H., Frantz, J., Tourigny, M., Griffith, J. 2020. A Paradigm Shift in Drilling Frac Plugs in Extended Laterals - A Permian Basin Case History. Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Virtual, 26-29 October. SPE-201412-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/201412-MS.

3. Donaldson, A., and Al-Mayyan, H. 2019. Planning, Execution, Improvements, and Results from a Multi-Well Fishing Campaign using a Snubbing Unit on Pressurized H2S Wells for a NOC in the Middle East. Paper presented at the SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 27-28 March. SPE-194234-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/194234-MS.

4. Donaldson, A., Marrero-Reyes, V., Scott, W., and Al-Mayyan, H. 2019. Rapid Deployment and Use of Snubbing Unit Brings Well with Underground Blowout and Surface Broaching Under Control. Paper presented at the SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 27-28 March. SPE-194283-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/194283-MS.

5. Al-Mohailan, M., Nellayappan, K., Patil, D., Al-Qadhi, F., Sounderajjan, M., Kunchur, B., and Hussain, K. 2019. Critical Cementing Application on a Snubbing Unit to Isolate Well in Kuwait. Paper presented at the SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 27-28 March. SPE-194273-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/194273-MS.

12. Barraza, J., Champeaux, C., Myatt, H., Lamon, K., Bowland, R., Bishop, T., and Garlow, R. 2018. Factory Model Approach for Successful Coil Tubing Unit Drillout Operations in Unconventional Horizontal Wells. Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, TX, USA, 24-26 September. SPE-191689-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/191689-MS.

Major players in the hydraulic workover unit market are Archer limited, Basic Energy Services, Inc. , Canadian Energy Equipment Manufacturing FZE, Cudd Energy Services, Easternwell Group, Elnusa, Halliburton Company, High Arctic Energy Services Inc, Key Energy Services, LLC, NOV Inc.

New York, March 24, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Hydraulic Workover Unit Global Market Report 2022" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p06247583/?utm_source=GNW

The global hydraulic workover unit market is expected to grow from $8.65 billion in 2021 to $9.58 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.7%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $12.40 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 6.7%.

The hydraulic workover unit market consists of sales of hydraulic workover unit services by entities (organizations, sole traders, and partnerships) that utilize versatile, cost-saving, and safe techniques for the repair and maintenance of all types of wells.Hydraulic workover is a well intervention technique used for installing or removing tubes (pipes) in and out of dead wells (the well with zero surface pressure).

The main services in the hydraulic workover unit are workover and snubbing.The snubbing services are used to install or eliminate tubular from a well while the well is pressurized.

Snubbing has the advantage of allowing work to be done without dying the well, which eliminates reservoir formation damage and costly stimulation procedures.The various installation types include skid mounted, trailer mounted and has a capacity in different ranges such as 0-50 tonnes, 51-150 tonnes, above 150 tonnes.

North America was the largest region in the hydraulic workover unit market in 2021. The regions covered in this report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa.

The increasing shale gas production is projected to propel the growth of the hydraulic workover unit market in the coming years.Shale gas is natural gas generated from a type of sedimentary rock called shale that is formed from clastic origins such as sedimentary rock or siltstone.

The most adaptable technology available in the upstream oil and gas industry is the snubbing unit, which is a type of hydraulic workover unit. According to the United States Energy Information Administration, shale gas production in the USA is expected to increase from 27.90 trillion cubic feet in 2021 to 32.50 trillion cubic feet by 2025. Therefore, the increasing shale gas production drives the growth of the hydraulic workover unit market.

The introduction of multiphase projects is a key trend gaining popularity in the hydraulic workover unit market.Major players operating in the hydraulic workover unit sector are launching multiphase projects in collaboration with technology players to set a new offshore snubbing unit or hydraulic workover world record.

For instance, in September 2020, SBS Energy Services (SBS), a US-based provider of snubbing, hydraulic workover services entered into a strategic partnership with Helix Solutions to complete a multi-phase project that deactivates roughly 29,000 feet of 10 inches by 6 inches insulated pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico.

In April 2019, High Arctic Energy Services Inc., a Canada-based drilling oil and gas wells company acquired assets of snubbing services equipment from Precision Drilling for $8.5 million. The acquisition provides the High Arctic with additional quality snubbing equipment and access to experienced personnel and crews. Precision Drilling is a Canada-based drilling rig contractor involved in offering snubbing services, oil field rental, and supplies.

The countries covered in the hydraulic workover unit market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK and USA.

When considering workover operations, our clients have to make choices. In other words, they can opt for the cheap and straightforward well intervention method that would be most suitable for them. However, they can opt for complicated and expensive remedial operations. Various workovers cure enhanced recovery or tubular (and cement) integrity issues. Saltel Patch is one of the best alternatives to reach such objectives. Saltel Patch guarantees the best internal diameter (ID) post-setting. Likewise, it extends the lifespan of the well. The Patch is now a reliable, field-proven solution to troubleshoot downhole erosion and corrosion issues. It is not uncommon for operators to include us in their workover strategy in order to maximize the life cycle of their wells.

Moreover, Saltel Patch, once set, brings a strong added-value to the well production. It is a drastically cost-effective alternative in the workover process. It combines smooth entry – tapered ends, with Max. ID for better flow rates when the well is back to production.

The patch has extended the options for workover in order to make it more convenient. As a result, the scope of the project has been widened to include aging assets, mature wells, and new well applications. In other words, the Patch now covers damaged completion modules requiring max ID. Damaged frac ports, open and blocked sliding sleeves, damaged DV tools, ICD, sand screen sections.

Snubbing operations require a Hydraulic Workover Unit (HWOU). The HWO/Snubbing unit is designed to deal with the technical challenges present during work on pressurised wells. Typical challenges are tubular buckling, push and pull forces and lubrication of tubular in and out of the pressurised well.

HWO/Snubbing units have a small footprint, are flexible and are easy to mobilise. These properties make these units very suitable to work offshore and onshore allowing tailored solutions for each well.

Snubbing has been developed as a technique to regain control over pressurised wells which were difficult to kill with conventional methods. Today, the advantages of Snubbing has made it a widely used well intervention technique which can be used for many applications, including:

The global hydraulic workover unit market size is predicted to grow at a 3.84% CAGR in the forecast period (2020- 2027), states the current Market Research Future (MRFR) report. A hydraulic workover unit is the perfect well intervention solution for re-entry operations, well interventions, and well maintenance. This unit uses hydraulic cylinders for lifting the tubular or out of the well. The hydraulic cylinders enable complete control over tubular movements and helps in eliminating the need for a huge mast construction that is present on conventional drilling rigs.

According to the MRFR report, there are numerous factors that are propelling the global hydraulic workover unit market share. Some of these entail technological advances in oil and gas well production, increasing offshore production post decline in oil prices, the burgeoning need for hydraulic workover units in the offshore oil and gas industry, the rising electricity demand, increasing focus on offshore exploration, the production of E&P of oil and gas, the rising efforts by upstream companies to improve the production from the mature fields, and the increasing oil and gas production. The additional factors adding to the global hydraulic workover unit market value includes the growing development of natural gas resources, the rising focus on mature oil and gas fields with the implementation of digital technologies which are the latest hydraulic workover unit market trends, rising energy demand in developing economies, increasing number of exploration activities, well drilling activities, and hydraulic fracturing, growing demand for snubbing services, and rising number of mature oil and gas fields.

On the contrary, stringent environmental regulations, lack of skilled workforce, problems related to the use of hydraulic workover unit like long rig-up time, and problems in transport for its heavy weight may impede the global hydraulic workover unit market revenue over the forecast period.

The oil and gas sector unfortunately has faced the brunt of the ongoing COVID-19 crisis which in turn has impacted the hydraulic workover unit market. Owing to the present scenario, several oil and gas companies across regions were compelled to shut down their services and producing assets as countries practiced complete or partial lockdown strategy for dealing with the pandemic. Across the region, companies has either delayed or suspended the key oil and gas projects. Besides, the crisis has also impacted the rig count for oil and gas, well drilling and production activities, and also crude oil prices. All these factors have negatively impacted the global hydraulic workover unit market growth.

The MRFR report highlights an inclusive analysis of the global hydraulic workover unit industry based on application, installation, service, and capacity.

By capacity, the global hydraulic workover unit market is segmented into above 150 tonnes, 50 to 150 tonnes, and up to 50 tonnes. Of these, the above 150 tonnes capacity segment will lead the market over the forecast period.

By service, the global hydraulic workover unit market is segmented into snubbing and workover. Of these, the workover service segment will dominate the market over the forecast period.

By installation, the global hydraulic workover unit market is segmented into trail mount and skid mount. Of these, the trail mount installation segment will spearhead the market over the forecast period.

By application, the global hydraulic worker unit market is segmented into offshore and onshore. Of these, the onshore application segment will have the lions share in the market over the forecast period.

Geographically, the global hydraulic workover unit market is bifurcated into Europe, North America, South America, the Asia Pacific, & the Middle East and Africa (MEA). Of these, North America will have the lions share in the market over the forecast period. Per capita consumption, production, and exploration of oil and gas, advances in upstream operations, high production of crude oil produced from tight oil resources in the US, the rise in the production and extraction of oil and gas increases the need for hydraulic workover units to perform routine well maintenance for offshore installations, inland waters, and land, increase in the need for cost-efficient method to repair leading to the installation of hydraulic workover units, the growth in unconventional resources in Canada and the US, and the demand for intervention operations in the maturing offshore fields in the Gulf of Mexico and other onshore fields in the US are adding to the global hydraulic workover unit market growth in the region.

In Europe, the global hydraulic workover unit market is predicted to hold the second-largest share over the forecast period for technological advances and increasing exploration and production of oil and gas.

In the APAC region, the global hydraulic workover unit market is predicted to have admirable growth over the forecast period. Rise in demand for energy in emerging economies of India and China are adding to the global hydraulic workover unit market growth in the region.

In the MEA and South America, the global hydraulic workover unit market is predicted to have sound growth over the forecast period. The presence of large untapped energy reserves is adding to the global hydraulic workover unit market growth in the region.

The prominent players profiled in the global hydraulic workover unit market report include ZYT Petroleum Equipment Co., Ltd (China), Uzma Berhad (Malaysia), PT Elnusa Tbk (Indonesia), Canadian Energy Equipment Manufacturing FZE (UAE), Velesto Energy (Malaysia), Superior Energy Services (US), Basic Energy Services (US), High Arctic Energy Services Inc. (Canada), Precision Drilling Corporation (Canada), Cudd Energy Services (US), Archer (Norway), National Oilwell Varco (US), and Halliburton (US), among others.

The global hydraulic workover unit market is fragmented and also competitive with the presence of many domestic as well as international industry players. They have incorporated assorted strategies to stay at the forefront and also cater to the surging needs of the customers, including collaborations, partnerships, contracts, geographic expansions, new product launches, joint ventures, and more. Additionally, these players are also making heavy investments in research and development activities for strengthening their portfolios and also creating a hold in the market.

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