workover rig specifications free sample

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The document applies to rotary drilling rigs, well servicing rigs, and special services as they relate to operations on location. First published in 1981, significant revisions in this edition of Recommended Practice 54 include a new section on flowback operations which is key for safe well testing, revised requirements for facility and site process hazard assessment and mitigation, and introduction of formal risk assessments as well as expanded provisions for offshore operations.

SCOPE: To provide a representative basis for determining the availability, capability, dependability, reliability of Stability Systems on Land Based Work-Over Rigs and the recommended practices and procedures for their safe use.

The rig location area may grade away from the well bore along centerline II at a maximum drop of 1:20. The cross grades, parallel to centerline I, should be level. The area shall provide a minimum bearing capacity of 6000 psf.

Using the chart: An anchor in Zone "A" located a horizontal distance of 70 feet from the "Well Head" would require an anchor of what minimum holding capacity? On the chart move along the horizontal legend from left to right until you reach 70 feet. At this juncture proceed vertical until you intersect the curved line for Zone "A", now follow the intersecting horizontal line, left toward the vertical legend. We have now determined that the minimum holding capacity for the anchor, at this precise location, is 20,000 pounds.

Standing at the "Well Head", with the well bore immediately to your back, proceed North (in direction monkey board is facing) 24 paces. (The pace length is not as important as the numerical relationship of the units and the consistency of the unit length. The method will work with any unit of length as long as the same unit is used throughout.) Place a stake or other marker at this location (Bench Reference). Turn West 90 degrees and proceed forward 10 paces. At this location turn your body so that the front portion of your anatomy is approximately parallel to the radial of the guy anchor. If the northwest guy anchor is forward of your right shoulder and the southeast guy anchor is aft to the rear of your left shoulder, it can then be presumed that the radial angles are within acceptable parameters. Repeat the procedure from the bench reference, this time to the east, proceed ten paces. In this orientation the northeast anchor should be forward of the left shoulder and the southwest anchor should be aft of the right shoulder.

A survey of 13 drilling contractors operation 193 drilling rigs in northern Canada and Alaska indicated that there is a wide range of experience and operating practices under extremely low temperature conditions. While there is very little precise information available, there have been a sizeable number of failures in portable masts while in the lowering or raising process in winter. Thus the exposure to low temperature failures focuses on mast lowering and raising operations. Based on reports, however, this operation has been accomplished successfully in temperatures as low as -50 degrees F. While the risk may be considerably greater because of the change in physical characteristics of steel at low temperatures, operators may carry on "normal" operations even at extremely low temperatures. This may be accomplished by a program of closely controlled inspection procedures and careful handling and operation. This should reduce damage and impact loading during raising and lowering operations. At the present, there seems to be no widely accepted or soundly supported basis for establishing a critical temperature for limiting the use of these oilfield structures. Experience in the operation of trucks and other heavy equipment exposed to impact forces indicates that -40 degrees F may be the threshold of the temperature range at which the risk of structural failure may increase rapidly. Precautionary measures should be more rigidly practiced at this point. The following recommended practices are included for reference:

If maintained to these tolerances the sags will indicate a pretension of 1000 pounds for crown to ground guywires and 500 pounds for tubing board guywires. this is based on the use of 5/8 inch, 6x19, or 6x37 class, regular lay, ips, IWRC wire rope, installed according to the rigging guidelines set forth in chart depicted in Figure 5-5

The drawing on the following page, Figure 5-4, (SAME AS FIGURE 4-4) is another illustration of the continuing evolution of Rig Stability System engineering and design. It represents the latest API thinking relative to planing and preparing a Rig Stability System.

CAUTION: SOLE EMPHASIS SHOULD NOT BE PLACED ON PULL TESTING OR ALTERNATIVES TO PULL TESTING AS THIS MEASURES ONLY ONE COMPONENT OF THE RIG STABILITY SYSTEM.

The rig contractor should be responsible for the following: a. Insuring that anchor capacities are verified and that anchor spacing and capacity is suitable for the mast guying pattern and anticipated loading.

b. Records of pull testing or records of other methods used to verify temporary anchor capacity should be retained by the rig contractor until the job is complete and the guy wires have been removed from the anchors. The records should indicate the capacity of each anchor, the date of verification, name and phone number of the party responsible for verification, and the soil condition at the time of verification.

Temporary Anchors, installed in accordance with the manufacturer"s specifications, may be deemed to be representatively pull tested, if upon inspection the following is observed:

OUT OF AN ABUNDANCE OF CAUTION IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO POINT OUT THAT THE PREVENTION OF RIG UPSET IS DIRECTLY DEPENDENT ON THE TOTAL INTEGRITY OF THE RIG STABILIZATION SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM INCLUDES ALL OF ITS COMPONENTS AND IS ONLY AS SOUND AS ITS WEAKEST MEMBER.

Our research has concluded, that the latest State-of-the-Art in RIG STABILIZATION is to be found in the pending American Petroleum Institute, Recommended Practice for MAINTENANCE and USE of DRILLING and WELL SERVICING STRUCTURES.

Schlumberger is currently topping the list of the world’s top offshore drilling companies. It is the biggest offshore drilling contractor (in terms of revenue) not just in the US but across the world has a history of science and technology innovation, backed by strategic mergers and acquisitions. From conventional to application-specific systems for geothermal wells, rigs, jack-ups, unconventional plays and more, Schlumberger’s drilling services are designed to trim down the installation time and enhance safety.

Halliburton serves the upstream oil and gas sector throughout the lifecycle of the reservoir, from locating reserves and managing geological data, to drilling evaluation, well construction, completion and production optimization through the life of the field. Offshore drilling services offered by Halliburton include horizontal and directional drilling, measurement-while-drilling, logging-while-drilling, multilateral systems, underbalanced applications and rig site information systems.

The company’s operations are geographically dispersed in terms of oil and gas exploration. As its drilling rigs are mobile assets that can be moved according to prevailing market conditions, the company operates comfortably in a single market scenario as well as internationally. More recently, Transocean has shown great resolve in dealing with the oil crash and the industry’s general lethargy and is poised to have a dominant 2018.

Post declaration of bankruptcy, Seadrill sports a strong balance sheet. The investors are thinking smartly and keeping Seadrill on their radar, to engage once again after the company emerges from bankruptcy completely sometime in 2018.  If things go right for Seadrill, 2018 is poised to be an excellent year.

Rowan is one of the best-positioned companies in the offshore drilling industry in terms of both tackling weather weaknesses and taking advantage of the improved industry conditions. The company has the only UDW fleet in the industry composed of all seventh-generation rigs, which delivers extra performance and safety features as requested by customers. The company is financially powerful and has adequate cash to handle its commitments until 2023.

Rowan’s fleet comprises of 23 offshore drilling jackup rigs and 4 UDW drillships. An additional 5 jackup rigs are also listed as part of its JV with Saudi Aramco.

Weatherford International, domiciled in Switzerland and operationally based in Houston is one of the leading offshore drilling companies and suppliers of a wide range of equipment and services for the oil and gas drilling industry, operating in nearly 100 countries. Their drilling business is on its way to becoming a standalone independent drilling contractor. Today, the company operates with a fleet of 115 rigs and 6000+ people. By and large, it is a new breed service company that provides the industry more efficient operations, extended products and services and greater geographic diversity.

With many successful refurbishments and new building projects, the Aberdeen, Scotland-based Stena Drilling has been a pioneer in many areas of technological innovation and developments in the offshore drilling companies list.  The company operates globally with three midwater drilling rigs and four ultra deepwater drillships. Stena Drilling has been successful in obtaining commercial contracts for a majority of its fleet at attractive rates, thereby securing a prime source of cash flow.

Nabors Industries, is the largest land drilling company in the US and one of the top international land drilling contractors, with a fleet of more than 200 land drilling rigs operating in significant oil, gas, and geothermal drilling markets worldwide. The company is also grabbing substantial market share in offshore drilling services through dozens of its offshore, barge and jack-up rigs as well as a wide range of complementary oilfield engineering, management, and logistics services, making it one of the leading offshore drilling companies in the world.

As a supplier of offshore platform workover and drilling rigs, Nabors is highly commended for its jack-up and platform rigs, both of which are nestled on the bleeding edge of innovation.

The offshore fleet of the Norwegian company Fred. Olsen Energy with subsidiaries consists of five mid-water semi-submersible drilling rigs and two ultra-deepwater units. Three of its semi-submersible drilling rigs are operating on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The company’s shipyard, Harland & Wolff, in Northern Ireland, focuses on steel fabrication, ship repair, and engineering services, alongside services for activities associated with offshore wind farms.

KCA Deutagis among the largest offshore drilling companies in the UK. It is a world’s leading provider of drilling and engineering expertise and operates both onshore and offshore. A reliable brand name, KCA Deutag has won several new contracts in recent times. With 125 years of experience, the company is well poised to dominate the global offshore drilling industry. The group consists of four business segments: design and engineering, oilfield equipment manufacturing, land rig and offshore drilling. KCA Deutag operates roughly 90 drilling rigs in more than 20 countries.

Parker Drilling is one of the largest offshore drilling companies in the world, and it is an expert in advanced drilling solutions and is a key entity in the global energy industry. Operational across the world, Parker Drilling specializes in complex offshore-onshore drilling projects, rental tools and project management. The latter includes specialized options such as rig design and construction, alongside the management of its operations.

The land drilling market worldwide is structured primarily as a rental market, not a sales market, where land drilling companies lease their rigs to E&P companies for an agreed period of time – weeks, months, or years – at a day-rate. The rigs are then used to drill wells and execute the E&P’s drilling programs.

Drilling opportunities are analysed and explored in order, leaving a series of dry holes, until a discovery is made. It is rare for an E&P company to actually own the rigs which they operate, but there are some exceptions such as Chesapeake, who will purchase their own fleet of rigs.

Investors require a minimum level of return for their investment dollars in drilling operations, and typically equate cost with risk. These turnkey drilling contracts may limit risk by guaranteeing a minimum number of wells that can be drilled with the rig. The contract will also outline how the rig can be used – including the pieces of equipment, when to change pieces, temperature and pressure tolerances and the weight of mud.

Nabors operates the world’s largest land drilling rig fleet, with around 500 rigs operating in over 25 countries – in almost every significant O&G basin on the planet. It also has the largest number of high-specification rigs (including new AC rigs and refurbished SCR rigs) and custom rigs, built to withstand challenging conditions such as extreme cold, desert and many complex shale plays.

Headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma, H&P is a global business with land operations across the US, as well as offshore operations in the Gulf of Mexico. It is engaged primarily in the drilling of O&G wells for E&P companies, and recognised for its innovative FlexRig technology.

Patterson-UTI operates land based drilling rigs, primarily in O&G producing regions of the continental US, and western Canada. The company also provides pressure pumping services to US E&P companies and specialist technology, notably pipe handling components, to drilling contractors globally.

Precision is an oilfield services company and Canada’s largest drilling rig contractor, with over 240 rigs in operation worldwide. The Company has two segments. The Contract Drilling Services segment operates its rigs in Canada, the United States and internationally. The Completion and Production Services segment provides completion and workover services and ancillary services to O&G E&P companies in Canada and the US.

Pioneer operates a modern fleet of more than 24 top performing drilling rigs throughout onshore O&G producing regions of the US and Colombia. The company also offers production services include well servicing, wireline, and coiled tubing services – supported by 100 well-servicing rigs, and more than 100 cased-hole, open-hole and offshore wireline units.

In Texas, generally considered to be the centre of US land drilling, RigData reports that there are currently 678 active rigs – split between Helmerich & Payne (160), Patterson-UTI (85), Nabors (64), Precision Drilling (39) and 77 other drillers (330).

Most new onshore rigs, both drilling and work over rigs, are built by OEMs in China. In the US, the larger vertically integrated land drillers have in-house manufacturing operations, so they will outsource some equipment construction, but assemble the new rigs at their own facilities. The leading provider of US newbuild rigs is National Oilwell Varco.

The secondary market, where existing rigs are sold, is largely auction dominated with mostly older rigs changing hands. As a rule, the big land drillers do not sell their newbuild rigs, as each has their own flagship designs.

Waste minimization has been proven to be an effective and beneficial operating procedure. You will find that there are many economically and technically feasible waste minimization techniques that can be used in production and workover operations. In fact, many oil and gas operators have implemented waste minimization techniques and have enjoyed benefits such as:

This document will provide a general overview of waste minimization techniques for wastes arising from oil and gas production and workover operations. In addition to a discussion of waste minimization techniques for these operations, the document provides case histories of successful waste minimization projects and a bibliography of useful technical references. Many of the references listed in the bibliography provide detail on the successful application the waste minimization opportunities discussed in this document.

As noted in the introduction, there are many economically and technically feasible waste minimization techniques that may be applied to production and workover operations. An operator should consider all costs, including waste management and disposal costs, when evaluating the feasibility of a waste minimization option. For example, a substitute product or chemical may cost more, but the savings in waste management and disposal costs will make the substitution cost-effective.

The best place to start waste minimization efforts for production and workover operations is in the planning stages. Preplanning can make a significant impact on the waste management requirements of the production and workover operations.

Workovers and Well Servicing -A preplanning opportunity for workover and well treatment operations is to carefully design the operation so that only the volume of chemicals necessary for the operation are brought to the site. An operator who takes this step can reduce the amount of leftover chemicals (e.g., acids) that may have to be managed as waste. Also, the potential for contamination from spills is reduced.

Product substitution is one of the easiest and most effective source reduction opportunities. Vendors are becoming more attuned to operators" needs in this area and are focusing their efforts on providing less toxic, yet effective, substitutes. Some operators have found that vendors and suppliers will start offering less toxic substitutes in response to a company establishing inventory control procedures. A few examples of effective and beneficial product substitution for production and workover operations are provided below.

Lubricating Oil Purification Units -In certain situations, production and workover operations use engines that typically generate large volumes of waste lubricating oil and lubricating oil filters. A lube oil testing program combined with extended operating intervals between changes is an effective waste minimization technique. (Even though the case history is from drilling operations, the concept may be applied anywhere.)

Vapor Recovery from Stock Tanks -The regulation of emissions of toxic air pollutants have become more strict since passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments in 1992. Many crude oil tank batteries may qualify as major sources, thus triggering Title V permitting, control, and monitoring requirements. A good way to avoid this situation is to install a vapor recovery system. Vapor recovery systems that use vacuum pumps are commercially available. However, one system has been designed and marketed that is simple and low-cost. That system uses only a pump and a venturi. The system uses produced water from the tank to pump through the venturi, which in turn draws a slight vacuum on the tanks. The vapors are entrained in the produced water which is sent to the separator. There the vapors are separated and returned to the production stream.

Remote Monitoring of Production Operations -Although it does not appear so, the remote monitoring of production operations is a source reduction technique. Microcomputer-based monitoring of parameters such as pumping unit load, stuffing box leaks, polished rod temperature, gun barrel water level, heater treater temperature and pressure, and tank levels and temperatures can be transmitted to the field office by microwave transmission. Because the system immediately alerts the operator of any upset condition or imminent equipment failure, the operator can quickly address the problem. By doing so, the operator can avoid unnecessary waste generation. For example the operator can prevent equipment failures that would require a workover (workovers generate waste), replace stuffing box rubbers prior to failure (oil leaking from a stuffing box may contaminate soil), prevent tank overflows, and detect loss of fluid from tanks (e.g., leaks or theft). Remote monitoring systems are offered commercially and according to vendors may replace, at a comparable cost, the routine manual measurements.

Workovers Using Coiled Tubing Units -Operations using conventional workover rigs typically generate wastes that must be managed after completion of the workover. An alternative to using workover rigs is to use coiled tubing units for through tubing workovers. Over the past several years, service companies have developed suitable through tubing tools for this purpose. A coiled tubing unit workover eliminates the need for pulling tubing, displacing well fluids, and well blowdown, all of which generate wastes. When feasible, coiled tubing units are a good choice for well workovers.

Containment of Fluids Used in Workovers -As noted in the discussion "Selection of Contractors," wastes generated by workover rigs may add to the management concerns of an operator. One of the most common problems is contamination of soil by tubing runoff and other spills on the workover rig floor. Several techniques can control this source of waste. First, a containment device beneath a raised rig floor can capture runoff and direct it to collection tanks or containers (the Waste Minimization Program offers an example). Also, heavy duty tarps (commercially available) laid over the well site will perform the same function.

Another solution to the problem of tubing runoff and spills is construction of an impermeable wellhead sump (i.e., a better cellar) during preparation for the original drilling operations. Later, when the well is completed and producing, the wellhead sump will collect any runoff or spills associated with workover operations. As well, the wellhead sump will collect any crude oil leakage from stuffing boxes, thus preventing contamination of soil around the well head. The wellhead sump is covered by a metal grate for safety. At least one firm offers a one-piece fiberglass model for about $800.

Operators should choose contractors who recognize the value of waste minimization and make efforts to apply it in their service. Contracted workover rigs are a good example of the need for waste minimization efforts by contractors. A producer can find himself dealing with unnecessary oil and gas waste if the service company"s workover rig crew does not take steps to control sources of waste such as tubing runoff, spilled chemicals, and other associated waste (e.g., thread protectors, rubber seals and cups, and pipe dope containers). An operator should select workover rig contractors who use containment devices beneath the rig floor, exercise control over chemicals and products brought on-site, and collect all associated wastes for proper management. Also, the contractor will bring on-site well maintained equipment that will not leak fuel or lubricating oil or that will need maintenance which may generate wastes.

The next preferred waste management option is recycling. Recycling is becoming a big business and more recycling options are available every day The following discussion offers some tips on recycling production and workover wastes.