petrol engine driven hydraulic pump made in china

Explore a wide variety of gasoline driven hydraulic pump on Alibaba.com and enjoy exquisite deals. The machines help maintain drilling mud circulation throughout the project. There are many models and brands available, each with outstanding value. These gasoline driven hydraulic pump are efficient, durable, and completely waterproof. They are designed to lift water and mud with efficiency without using much energy or taking a lot of space.

The primary advantage of these gasoline driven hydraulic pump is that they can raise water from greater depths. With the fast-changing technology, purchase machines that come with the best technology for optimum results. They should be well adapted to the overall configuration of the installation to perform various operations. Hence, quality products are needed for more efficiency and enjoyment of the machines" full life expectancy.

Alibaba.com offers a wide selection of products with innovative features. The products are designed for a wide range of flow rates that differ by brand. They provide cost-effective options catering to different consumer needs. When choosing the right gasoline driven hydraulic pump for the drilling project, consider factors such as size, shape, and machine cost. More powerful tools are needed when dealing with large projects such as agriculture or irrigation.

Alibaba.com provides a wide range of gasoline driven hydraulic pump to suit different tastes and budgets. The site has a large assortment of products from major suppliers on the market. The products are made of durable materials to avoid corrosion and premature wear during operations. The range of products and brands on the site assures quality and good value for money.

Target Hydraulics has over 10 years of experience in mini hydraulic power unit Engineering.&Manufacturing, We can supply you with any type of hydraulic power packs for your AC&DC hydraulic power units market.

AC motor hydraulic power unit from 0.5 hp to 5 hp hydraulic power unit even 10 hp hydraulic power unit.DC motor hyd power unit(HPU) from 0.15kw up to 3Kw even 4.5Kw.

Target Hydraulics manufactures compact hydraulic power units that can meet hydraulic flow rating from 0.3LPM to 30LPM based on your compact hydraulic power unit needs.

Target Hydraulics can provide you hydraulic power unit design with different working pressure from 20bar up to 315bar based on your custom hydraulic power units request.

All Target Hydraulics hydraulic block manifold designing&manufacturing with standard valve body cavity. We can also supply you valve cavity tooling if you are custom hydraulic power unit manufacturers.

All hydraulic power units and parts were designed with 3D software for your new project. Professional hydraulic power unit sales and manufacture team guarantee your hyd power unit order processing quick and superior quality.

Hydraulic Manifolds 3D drawing design and CNC machine for quick sample delivery.7/24 no-stop CNC machine line,3000sqm warehouse,8 assembly lines, and test benches,50+  professional staff provide your hyd power units and parts always delivered on time.

Our engineers create small hydraulic power units and hydraulic manifold designs with Solidworks. Our DC and AC hydraulic power pack units and hydraulic cartridge valves are used for industry hydraulics, truck hydraulics, mobile hydraulics, custom hydraulic manifolds, and many other different Hydraulics applications.

Target Hydraulics provides high quality products and good service for our clients and distributors around the world. You hit your target at Target Hydraulics.

DC hydraulic power unit and AC hydraulic power unit. All the electric hydraulic power units will complete with an electrical motor, whatever the motor is DC or AC voltage.

Hydraulic power units were designed can be applied to anything that requires lift,push, and rotational applications, They are utilized in a wide variety of agricultural, material handling, industrial and mobile applications and so much more.

scissor lift, dump trailer hydraulic system unit,forklift hydraulics, plant dump trailers, dump trucks, and even security equipment like access control.

Hydraulic power units should be able to supply the needed power to drive machinery in every movement or direction. All hydraulic power unit working principles follow Pascal’s pressure working mechanism.

Basic components of a hydraulic power pack unit include a diesel or electric powered motors, hydraulic reservoirs, couplings and fittings, suction pipes and filters, hydraulic valves, and hydraulic gear pumps, as well as hydraulic block manifolds.

For example, a small hydraulic power unit has fewer hydraulic components in comparison to hydraulic power units that are utilized in the big heavy lifting industries applications.

A hydraulic power unit has different types of valves in its system. These valves are essential for controlling the hydraulic fluid flow and pressure within a hydraulic power pack hydraulic system.

The following are the types of valves that are mostly used in a hydraulic power supply system. Each type of valves in the list has different functions, depending on the design and application requirement.

StackedValves – Stacked valves are responsible for making the flow of hydraulic transmission changing hydraulic pressure. These valves are mounting attached to the hydraulic central manifolds channel together with the stacked block manifolds.

Check Valves – Check valves keep pressure from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic cylinder and hold pressure for the single acting hydraulic power unit. These check valves designed with different cracking pressure.

Throttle Valves – Throttle valves also called flow control valve, they are used to open, close,start stop, or regulate the hydraulic oil fluid flow by a dynamic pump.

Directional ControlHydraulicValves –  are used to retract or extend double-acting hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors. These directional valves provide a directional path from pump to cylinders (hydraulic motors) and a return path from cylinders (hydraulic motors) to the hydraulic fluid oil tank.

A hydraulic reservoir or tank stores the hydraulic fluid for a hydraulic system. The tank is also the key to transfer heat for this hydraulic power unit system.

Without the tank, air moisture will cause problems in your hyd power unit. The heat in the hydraulic tank releases rises the moisture above the hydraulic oil fluid making its way out of the tank through the hydraulic tank air breather cap.

The typical materials used in hydraulic tanks come from steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. the mini hydraulic power unit also used plastic materials as their hydraulic tank reservoir.

With the center manifold, you can assemble motors, pumps, hydraulic valves to complete a hydraulic power unit. There will be hydraulic fluid pressure oil go through the central manifold if this is a small hydraulic power unit design.

There are three major types of hydraulic pumps:Gear Pump– Intervals of gears are used to pump fluids by motion. In each revolution, it pumps a fixed amount of high viscosity fluids.

Piston Pump– Piston pumps are displacement pumps that create pressures and discharge fluid with little effort. The pressure this pump creates pressurized the fluid in the hydraulic system.

Vane Pump– Vane pumps have rectangular-shaped vanes inlets. The back and forth rotation of these vanes moves pressure against the outer face of the ring, making the vane pump work.

The features of gear pumps are simple and compact. Because of having limited numbers of motion components, it cannot compete with reciprocating or centrifugal pumps when it comes to generating pressure and flow. However, it generates higher pressure and flow rate compared to vane pumps.

The common materials used in making gear pumps include iron, alloy, aluminum, and composites. The type of materials is essential in dealing with corrosive liquids.

Having a priming characteristic means gear pumps need lubrication and should not be dry. Close tolerance of gears and casting can wear the pump over time.

The precise specifications between the gears and casing enable the pump to develop suction at the inlet, this will prevent fluid leakage from the discharge place.

An internal gear pump still has two interlocking gears. However, in comparison to the external pump’s identical gears, the gears of internal pumps have different sizes. A smaller gear is mounted at the center of the larger gear.

This is specifically designed to interlock with the gear teeth attached at one point. And a pinion and bushing are engaged at the pump’s casing holding the idler gear in its place.

In contrast with fixed-displacement pumps which have two chambers, a variable displacement pump only has a single chamber. The movement of the outer ring to the inner enables the pump to work.

In applications these two and be reversible. For instance, if it’s powered by a motor and pressure flow is output, it is a hydraulic pump; if the flow of oil pressure is input and the torque energy is output, it’s a hydraulic motor.

This type of cylinder has only one end port that is utilized to supply and vent compressed air. Therefore, hydraulic fluid in a single-acting hydraulic cylinder works only on one side of the piston.

Hydraulic fluid oil can either be synthetic or mineral-based liquid. Common variations of mineral-based hydraulic fluid are petroleum-based and water-based fluids. Some fluids consist of plain water, water-oil emulsions, and even salt solutions.

Hydraulic oil fluid is the ingredient used the hydraulic systems to transfer power in hydraulic machinery and equipment. Hydraulic liquids are additionally in charge of lubrication, warmth transfer, and contamination control within the system.

Its principle is about the principle of off-line filters. The hydraulic fluid oil will be filtered by the hydraulic filter. Then after its filtration, it will be pumped out through the outlet port or back to the tank. Hydraulic filters are placed either on a suction port of the pump or tank port into the reservoir.

Electrical power is usually not needed in order to operate a hydraulic system. The fundamental rule of a hydraulic system is the use of liquid in its operations.

Hydraulic power units have some technical selective components that need precise consideration during design. This is crucial to ensure that the unit will work properly after its setup.

However, credentials or certification are not a must when setting up a hydraulic power unit. Even so, you must have the proper knowledge and ability when dealing with it so that the components will be installed precisely. If it is your first time, collaborate with an experienced installer to accomplish your desired result.

Examination of the hydraulic system after installing should be taken into account. This is important to ensure hyd power unit system working properly.

Make sure there are no debris, chips, or any foreign objects in the valve and hydraulic block manifolds. The O-rings should also be check for cleaning and quality station.To avoid damage during installation, lubricate the O-rings on the cartridge valve.

It’s advisable to use hydraulic oil for lubrication. Grease and motor oil should not be applied for it will mix with the hydraulic fluid and gum up the valves.

Some hydraulic power units remotes are wireless remote, enabling you to control the start and the stop of your hydraulic power units without cables or switches. Remote buttons are controlling the hydraulic cylinder in and out motion.

Follow these sequences. Connect hydraulic power unit and cylinder with hydraulic hoses. Connect both A and B oil ports with cylinder A and B ports.First, take one side of the hose, connect the hydraulic hose one side to the base of the hydraulic cylinder. Then the other side of the hydraulic hose must be connected to the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder.

While testing or operating the hydraulic power pack unit, keep an eye on the fluid level of the tank. The level of the hydraulic fluid should not have lowered down half full during the trial start-up. Do not let the suction filter out of hydraulic fluid.A fully extended cylinder’s tank should be half full. If you will let the hydraulic fluid drop below half full of its initial level, air might enter into your hydraulic system. This can lead to aeration of the fluid and it could overflow the reservoir tank.

If this is the problem, the possible causes are the following:Hydraulic reservoir is short of oil; add the required level of oil into your hydraulic unit’s tank.

General maintenance for hydraulic power unit includes lubricating electric motors, cleaning or changing hydraulic oil fluid, and cleaning of the suction strainers.

The oil of the tank should also be regulated. Always check if the oil level of the tank to avoid an existential drop. Changing oil is also necessary, to keep your hydraulic power unit in good performance.

Then what significant size of a hydraulic power unit is suitable for your job. Also, include the liquid flow rate when deciding what size of hydraulic power pack unit you want to get.

The number of outlets and inlets of the should also be taken into account. This is certainly important you can utilize the amount of power you going to use. Then come with hydraulic oil port question, BSPP, SAE, and Metric units are all available from Target Hydraulics Power Units.

As shown in Figure 1; The present invention includes petrol engine 3, oil hydraulic pump, fuel tank 8 and motor pump frame 7, said engine-driven hydraulic pump also comprises speed reducer 6, and said speed reducer 6 connects petrol engine 3 and oil hydraulic pump; Said oil hydraulic pump is 2 plunger pumps, and said petrol engine is the miniature high-speed petrol engine.Said engine-driven hydraulic pump also comprises hydraulic control, and hydraulic control comprises hydraulic control unit 1 and pressure-display screen, and said pressure-display screen is fixed in hydraulic control unit 1, and said hydraulic control unit 1 is fixed on the engine-driven hydraulic pump frame 7.Be provided with acceleration cable 2 between said hydraulic control unit 1 and petrol engine 3 throttles.

The working procedure of this instance: open gasoline engine starting handle 4, petrol engine 3 provides power to drive two plunger pumps through speed reducer 6, to the working tool supporting with it power is provided, and accomplishes various rescue works.Petrol tank 5 is connected with plunger pump with petrol engine 3 respectively with fuel tank 8, and is corresponding connected element fuel feeding.Engine-driven hydraulic pump also is provided with pressure-display screen, and demonstration force value that can be real-time, and can monitor the job status of motor pump and rescue tool in real time also can be used as motor pump and the Inspection equipment of the instrument that matches with it.Petrol engine 3 throttles adopt hydraulic control mode, and only when supporting with it rescue tool operation, hydraulic control unit 1 detects the variation of pressure; Control acceleration cable 2 shrinks; Pulling petrol engine throttle, petrol engine just runs up, and significantly reduces the consumption of motor pump gasoline; Increased motor pump effective acting time, reduced and pollute and noise.

As shown in Figure 2; The workflow of pressure-display mechanism is following among the present invention: whole pressure-display screen is embedded on the engine-driven hydraulic pump frame 7; Gather pressure signal through pressure transducer (maximum service pressure 100MPa), pressure signal sent into single-chip microcomputer analog-to-digital conversion interface, by single-chip microcomputer image data is carried out Shelving after; Show force value with the pressure-display screen, the pressure-display screen in this instance is the high bright nixie tubes of 2 LED.This device has serial data delivery outlet and Bluetooth transmission module, can the pressure data that collect be sent into upper-position unit through wired or wireless mode in real time, stores, draws work such as pressure history, demonstration, force of impression change curve.This device power supply adopts ni-mh or lithium rechargeable batteries, and the USB hardware interface is adopted in serial data output.

Linde Hydraulics is a global developer and supplier of modular drive systems consisting of hydraulics, power transmissions and electronics. As a leading technology provider in the field of high pressure hydraulics, the systems produced by Linde Hydraulics set the standard in terms of significantly reducing fuel consumption and CO2. The product range comprises hydraulic pumps and motors, valves, electronic controls, peripheral devices, rotary drives and electric motors. Linde Hydraulics is the development partner and supplier of a number of reputable manufacturers of mobile work machinery, including construction, mining, agricultural, forestry and municipal utility machines, as well as manufacturers of industrial machinery.

The company, which was founded in 1904, is based in Aschaffenburg. Around 1300 employees work at four production sites in Germany, at a fifth production site in China and at the subsidiaries in Europe, the US, South America and China. Linde Hydraulics is represented in more than 50 countries by a strong network of around 80 sales and service partners.

Pistons with O-ring seals operate in, fiberglass wrapped cylinders. The cylinder diameter is constant for a particular pump series. The driving medium pushes the piston down on the compression stroke and lifts it on the suction stroke (the M series has a spring return). No drive air lubricant is required as the piston is pre-lubricated during assembly.

In the hydraulic section, the drive piston connects to the hydraulic plunger/piston. Hydraulic pistons have different sizes depending on their nominal ratio. The higher ratio pumps can achieve higher pressures, but have smaller displacements, which translates to less flow per stroke.

During the down stroke, the inlet check valve keeps the liquid in the pump from flowing back into the suction line while it is compressed by the plunger. On the return or suction stroke, fresh liquid is drawn in through the inlet check valve, while the outlet check valve closes.

These check valves control the flow of liquid through the hydraulic section. They are spring-loaded and have a very low cracking pressure, which allows maximum flow during suction. Inlet check valves are closed by the hydraulic fluid pressure on downstrokes. At the same time, the outlet check valves open when the hydraulic pressure in the pump exceeds the pressure in the system after the pump.

A hydraulic seal is one of the few parts that wear out. Basically, it prevents fluid from flowing into the actuator while the hydraulic piston is moving back and forth. Seal specifications are determined by the fluid, its pressure and temperature. Most Haskel pumps can be operated without contamination by use of a vent or distance piece between the pump section and the air drive.

We have always had a passion for converting power into motion and this passion is driven by customer care, a thirst for knowledge and a love of innovation.

We combine components suchs as hydraulic motors, hydraulic pumps, valves and electronic control units into a single system and create efficient overall solutions thanks to our intelligent blend of hydraulics, electronics and mechanics.

Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.

When a pump contains two or more pump mechanisms with fluid being directed to flow through them in series, it is called a multi-stage pump. Terms such as two-stage or double-stage may be used to specifically describe the number of stages. A pump that does not fit this description is simply a single-stage pump in contrast.

In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

Pumps can be classified by their method of displacement into positive-displacement pumps, impulse pumps, velocity pumps, gravity pumps, steam pumps and valveless pumps. There are three basic types of pumps: positive-displacement, centrifugal and axial-flow pumps. In centrifugal pumps the direction of flow of the fluid changes by ninety degrees as it flows over an impeller, while in axial flow pumps the direction of flow is unchanged.

Some positive-displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pump as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant through each cycle of operation.

Positive-displacement pumps, unlike centrifugal, can theoretically produce the same flow at a given speed (rpm) no matter what the discharge pressure. Thus, positive-displacement pumps are constant flow machines. However, a slight increase in internal leakage as the pressure increases prevents a truly constant flow rate.

A positive-displacement pump must not operate against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps. A positive-displacement pump operating against a closed discharge valve continues to produce flow and the pressure in the discharge line increases until the line bursts, the pump is severely damaged, or both.

A relief or safety valve on the discharge side of the positive-displacement pump is therefore necessary. The relief valve can be internal or external. The pump manufacturer normally has the option to supply internal relief or safety valves. The internal valve is usually used only as a safety precaution. An external relief valve in the discharge line, with a return line back to the suction line or supply tank provides increased safety.

Rotary-type positive displacement: internal or external gear pump, screw pump, lobe pump, shuttle block, flexible vane or sliding vane, circumferential piston, flexible impeller, helical twisted roots (e.g. the Wendelkolben pump) or liquid-ring pumps

Drawbacks: The nature of the pump requires very close clearances between the rotating pump and the outer edge, making it rotate at a slow, steady speed. If rotary pumps are operated at high speeds, the fluids cause erosion, which eventually causes enlarged clearances that liquid can pass through, which reduces efficiency.

Hollow disk pumps (also known as eccentric disc pumps or Hollow rotary disc pumps), similar to scroll compressors, these have a cylindrical rotor encased in a circular housing. As the rotor orbits and rotates to some degree, it traps fluid between the rotor and the casing, drawing the fluid through the pump. It is used for highly viscous fluids like petroleum-derived products, and it can also support high pressures of up to 290 psi.

Vibratory pumps or vibration pumps are similar to linear compressors, having the same operating principle. They work by using a spring-loaded piston with an electromagnet connected to AC current through a diode. The spring-loaded piston is the only moving part, and it is placed in the center of the electromagnet. During the positive cycle of the AC current, the diode allows energy to pass through the electromagnet, generating a magnetic field that moves the piston backwards, compressing the spring, and generating suction. During the negative cycle of the AC current, the diode blocks current flow to the electromagnet, letting the spring uncompress, moving the piston forward, and pumping the fluid and generating pressure, like a reciprocating pump. Due to its low cost, it is widely used in inexpensive espresso machines. However, vibratory pumps cannot be operated for more than one minute, as they generate large amounts of heat. Linear compressors do not have this problem, as they can be cooled by the working fluid (which is often a refrigerant).

Reciprocating pumps move the fluid using one or more oscillating pistons, plungers, or membranes (diaphragms), while valves restrict fluid motion to the desired direction. In order for suction to take place, the pump must first pull the plunger in an outward motion to decrease pressure in the chamber. Once the plunger pushes back, it will increase the chamber pressure and the inward pressure of the plunger will then open the discharge valve and release the fluid into the delivery pipe at constant flow rate and increased pressure.

Pumps in this category range from simplex, with one cylinder, to in some cases quad (four) cylinders, or more. Many reciprocating-type pumps are duplex (two) or triplex (three) cylinder. They can be either single-acting with suction during one direction of piston motion and discharge on the other, or double-acting with suction and discharge in both directions. The pumps can be powered manually, by air or steam, or by a belt driven by an engine. This type of pump was used extensively in the 19th century—in the early days of steam propulsion—as boiler feed water pumps. Now reciprocating pumps typically pump highly viscous fluids like concrete and heavy oils, and serve in special applications that demand low flow rates against high resistance. Reciprocating hand pumps were widely used to pump water from wells. Common bicycle pumps and foot pumps for inflation use reciprocating action.

These positive-displacement pumps have an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant given each cycle of operation and the pump"s volumetric efficiency can be achieved through routine maintenance and inspection of its valves.

This is the simplest form of rotary positive-displacement pumps. It consists of two meshed gears that rotate in a closely fitted casing. The tooth spaces trap fluid and force it around the outer periphery. The fluid does not travel back on the meshed part, because the teeth mesh closely in the center. Gear pumps see wide use in car engine oil pumps and in various hydraulic power packs.

A screw pump is a more complicated type of rotary pump that uses two or three screws with opposing thread — e.g., one screw turns clockwise and the other counterclockwise. The screws are mounted on parallel shafts that have gears that mesh so the shafts turn together and everything stays in place. The screws turn on the shafts and drive fluid through the pump. As with other forms of rotary pumps, the clearance between moving parts and the pump"s casing is minimal.

Widely used for pumping difficult materials, such as sewage sludge contaminated with large particles, a progressing cavity pump consists of a helical rotor, about ten times as long as its width. This can be visualized as a central core of diameter x with, typically, a curved spiral wound around of thickness half x, though in reality it is manufactured in a single casting. This shaft fits inside a heavy-duty rubber sleeve, of wall thickness also typically x. As the shaft rotates, the rotor gradually forces fluid up the rubber sleeve. Such pumps can develop very high pressure at low volumes.

Named after the Roots brothers who invented it, this lobe pump displaces the fluid trapped between two long helical rotors, each fitted into the other when perpendicular at 90°, rotating inside a triangular shaped sealing line configuration, both at the point of suction and at the point of discharge. This design produces a continuous flow with equal volume and no vortex. It can work at low pulsation rates, and offers gentle performance that some applications require.

A peristaltic pump is a type of positive-displacement pump. It contains fluid within a flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing (though linear peristaltic pumps have been made). A number of rollers, shoes, or wipers attached to a rotor compresses the flexible tube. As the rotor turns, the part of the tube under compression closes (or occludes), forcing the fluid through the tube. Additionally, when the tube opens to its natural state after the passing of the cam it draws (restitution) fluid into the pump. This process is called peristalsis and is used in many biological systems such as the gastrointestinal tract.

Efficiency and common problems: With only one cylinder in plunger pumps, the fluid flow varies between maximum flow when the plunger moves through the middle positions, and zero flow when the plunger is at the end positions. A lot of energy is wasted when the fluid is accelerated in the piping system. Vibration and

Triplex plunger pumps use three plungers, which reduces the pulsation of single reciprocating plunger pumps. Adding a pulsation dampener on the pump outlet can further smooth the pump ripple, or ripple graph of a pump transducer. The dynamic relationship of the high-pressure fluid and plunger generally requires high-quality plunger seals. Plunger pumps with a larger number of plungers have the benefit of increased flow, or smoother flow without a pulsation damper. The increase in moving parts and crankshaft load is one drawback.

Car washes often use these triplex-style plunger pumps (perhaps without pulsation dampers). In 1968, William Bruggeman reduced the size of the triplex pump and increased the lifespan so that car washes could use equipment with smaller footprints. Durable high-pressure seals, low-pressure seals and oil seals, hardened crankshafts, hardened connecting rods, thick ceramic plungers and heavier duty ball and roller bearings improve reliability in triplex pumps. Triplex pumps now are in a myriad of markets across the world.

Triplex pumps with shorter lifetimes are commonplace to the home user. A person who uses a home pressure washer for 10 hours a year may be satisfied with a pump that lasts 100 hours between rebuilds. Industrial-grade or continuous duty triplex pumps on the other end of the quality spectrum may run for as much as 2,080 hours a year.

The oil and gas drilling industry uses massive semi trailer-transported triplex pumps called mud pumps to pump drilling mud, which cools the drill bit and carries the cuttings back to the surface.

One modern application of positive-displacement pumps is compressed-air-powered double-diaphragm pumps. Run on compressed air, these pumps are intrinsically safe by design, although all manufacturers offer ATEX certified models to comply with industry regulation. These pumps are relatively inexpensive and can perform a wide variety of duties, from pumping water out of bunds to pumping hydrochloric acid from secure storage (dependent on how the pump is manufactured – elastomers / body construction). These double-diaphragm pumps can handle viscous fluids and abrasive materials with a gentle pumping process ideal for transporting shear-sensitive media.

Devised in China as chain pumps over 1000 years ago, these pumps can be made from very simple materials: A rope, a wheel and a pipe are sufficient to make a simple rope pump. Rope pump efficiency has been studied by grassroots organizations and the techniques for making and running them have been continuously improved.

Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas (usually air). In some impulse pumps the gas trapped in the liquid (usually water), is released and accumulated somewhere in the pump, creating a pressure that can push part of the liquid upwards.

Instead of a gas accumulation and releasing cycle, the pressure can be created by burning of hydrocarbons. Such combustion driven pumps directly transmit the impulse from a combustion event through the actuation membrane to the pump fluid. In order to allow this direct transmission, the pump needs to be almost entirely made of an elastomer (e.g. silicone rubber). Hence, the combustion causes the membrane to expand and thereby pumps the fluid out of the adjacent pumping chamber. The first combustion-driven soft pump was developed by ETH Zurich.

It takes in water at relatively low pressure and high flow-rate and outputs water at a higher hydraulic-head and lower flow-rate. The device uses the water hammer effect to develop pressure that lifts a portion of the input water that powers the pump to a point higher than where the water started.

The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in remote areas, where there is both a source of low-head hydropower, and a need for pumping water to a destination higher in elevation than the source. In this situation, the ram is often useful, since it requires no outside source of power other than the kinetic energy of flowing water.

Rotodynamic pumps (or dynamic pumps) are a type of velocity pump in which kinetic energy is added to the fluid by increasing the flow velocity. This increase in energy is converted to a gain in potential energy (pressure) when the velocity is reduced prior to or as the flow exits the pump into the discharge pipe. This conversion of kinetic energy to pressure is explained by the

A practical difference between dynamic and positive-displacement pumps is how they operate under closed valve conditions. Positive-displacement pumps physically displace fluid, so closing a valve downstream of a positive-displacement pump produces a continual pressure build up that can cause mechanical failure of pipeline or pump. Dynamic pumps differ in that they can be safely operated under closed valve conditions (for short periods of time).

Such a pump is also referred to as a centrifugal pump. The fluid enters along the axis or center, is accelerated by the impeller and exits at right angles to the shaft (radially); an example is the centrifugal fan, which is commonly used to implement a vacuum cleaner. Another type of radial-flow pump is a vortex pump. The liquid in them moves in tangential direction around the working wheel. The conversion from the mechanical energy of motor into the potential energy of flow comes by means of multiple whirls, which are excited by the impeller in the working channel of the pump. Generally, a radial-flow pump operates at higher pressures and lower flow rates than an axial- or a mixed-flow pump.

These are also referred to as All fluid pumps. The fluid is pushed outward or inward to move fluid axially. They operate at much lower pressures and higher flow rates than radial-flow (centrifugal) pumps. Axial-flow pumps cannot be run up to speed without special precaution. If at a low flow rate, the total head rise and high torque associated with this pipe would mean that the starting torque would have to become a function of acceleration for the whole mass of liquid in the pipe system. If there is a large amount of fluid in the system, accelerate the pump slowly.

Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between radial and axial-flow pumps. The fluid experiences both radial acceleration and lift and exits the impeller somewhere between 0 and 90 degrees from the axial direction. As a consequence mixed-flow pumps operate at higher pressures than axial-flow pumps while delivering higher discharges than radial-flow pumps. The exit angle of the flow dictates the pressure head-discharge characteristic in relation to radial and mixed-flow.

Regenerative turbine pump rotor and housing, 1⁄3 horsepower (0.25 kW). 85 millimetres (3.3 in) diameter impeller rotates counter-clockwise. Left: inlet, right: outlet. .4 millimetres (0.016 in) thick vanes on 4 millimetres (0.16 in) centers

Also known as drag, friction, peripheral, traction, turbulence, or vortex pumps, regenerative turbine pumps are class of rotodynamic pump that operates at high head pressures, typically 4–20 bars (4.1–20.4 kgf/cm2; 58–290 psi).

The pump has an impeller with a number of vanes or paddles which spins in a cavity. The suction port and pressure ports are located at the perimeter of the cavity and are isolated by a barrier called a stripper, which allows only the tip channel (fluid between the blades) to recirculate, and forces any fluid in the side channel (fluid in the cavity outside of the blades) through the pressure port. In a regenerative turbine pump, as fluid spirals repeatedly from a vane into the side channel and back to the next vane, kinetic energy is imparted to the periphery,

As regenerative turbine pumps cannot become vapor locked, they are commonly applied to volatile, hot, or cryogenic fluid transport. However, as tolerances are typically tight, they are vulnerable to solids or particles causing jamming or rapid wear. Efficiency is typically low, and pressure and power consumption typically decrease with flow. Additionally, pumping direction can be reversed by reversing direction of spin.

Steam pumps have been for a long time mainly of historical interest. They include any type of pump powered by a steam engine and also pistonless pumps such as Thomas Savery"s or the Pulsometer steam pump.

Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in low power solar steam pumps for use in smallholder irrigation in developing countries. Previously small steam engines have not been viable because of escalating inefficiencies as vapour engines decrease in size. However the use of modern engineering materials coupled with alternative engine configurations has meant that these types of system are now a cost-effective opportunity.

Valveless pumping assists in fluid transport in various biomedical and engineering systems. In a valveless pumping system, no valves (or physical occlusions) are present to regulate the flow direction. The fluid pumping efficiency of a valveless system, however, is not necessarily lower than that having valves. In fact, many fluid-dynamical systems in nature and engineering more or less rely upon valveless pumping to transport the working fluids therein. For instance, blood circulation in the cardiovascular system is maintained to some extent even when the heart"s valves fail. Meanwhile, the embryonic vertebrate heart begins pumping blood long before the development of discernible chambers and valves. Similar to blood circulation in one direction, bird respiratory systems pump air in one direction in rigid lungs, but without any physiological valve. In microfluidics, valveless impedance pumps have been fabricated, and are expected to be particularly suitable for handling sensitive biofluids. Ink jet printers operating on the piezoelectric transducer principle also use valveless pumping. The pump chamber is emptied through the printing jet due to reduced flow impedance in that direction and refilled by capillary action.

Examining pump repair records and mean time between failures (MTBF) is of great importance to responsible and conscientious pump users. In view of that fact, the preface to the 2006 Pump User"s Handbook alludes to "pump failure" statistics. For the sake of convenience, these failure statistics often are translated into MTBF (in this case, installed life before failure).

In early 2005, Gordon Buck, John Crane Inc.’s chief engineer for field operations in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, examined the repair records for a number of refinery and chemical plants to obtain meaningful reliability data for centrifugal pumps. A total of 15 operating plants having nearly 15,000 pumps were included in the survey. The smallest of these plants had about 100 pumps; several plants had over 2000. All facilities were located in the United States. In addition, considered as "new", others as "renewed" and still others as "established". Many of these plants—but not all—had an alliance arrangement with John Crane. In some cases, the alliance contract included having a John Crane Inc. technician or engineer on-site to coordinate various aspects of the program.

Not all plants are refineries, however, and different results occur elsewhere. In chemical plants, pumps have historically been "throw-away" items as chemical attack limits life. Things have improved in recent years, but the somewhat restricted space available in "old" DIN and ASME-standardized stuffing boxes places limits on the type of seal that fits. Unless the pump user upgrades the seal chamber, the pump only accommodates more compact and simple versions. Without this upgrading, lifetimes in chemical installations are generally around 50 to 60 percent of the refinery values.

Unscheduled maintenance is often one of the most significant costs of ownership, and failures of mechanical seals and bearings are among the major causes. Keep in mind the potential value of selecting pumps that cost more initially, but last much longer between repairs. The MTBF of a better pump may be one to four years longer than that of its non-upgraded counterpart. Consider that published average values of avoided pump failures range from US$2600 to US$12,000. This does not include lost opportunity costs. One pump fire occurs per 1000 failures. Having fewer pump failures means having fewer destructive pump fires.

As has been noted, a typical pump failure, based on actual year 2002 reports, costs US$5,000 on average. This includes costs for material, parts, labor and overhead. Extending a pump"s MTBF from 12 to 18 months would save US$1,667 per year — which might be greater than the cost to upgrade the centrifugal pump"s reliability.

Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Early applications includes the use of the windmill or watermill to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation, water supply, gasoline supply, air conditioning systems, refrigeration (usually called a compressor), chemical movement, sewage movement, flood control, marine services, etc.

Because of the wide variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low pressure, and from high volume to low volume.

Typically, a liquid pump can"t simply draw air. The feed line of the pump and the internal body surrounding the pumping mechanism must first be filled with the liquid that requires pumping: An operator must introduce liquid into the system to initiate the pumping. This is called priming the pump. Loss of prime is usually due to ingestion of air into the pump. The clearances and displacement ratios in pumps for liquids, whether thin or more viscous, usually cannot displace air due to its compressibility. This is the case with most velocity (rotodynamic) pumps — for example, centrifugal pumps. For such pumps, the position of the pump should always be lower than the suction point, if not the pump should be manually filled with liquid or a secondary pump should be used until all air is removed from the suction line and the pump casing.

Positive–displacement pumps, however, tend to have sufficiently tight sealing between the moving parts and the casing or housing of the pump that they can be described as self-priming. Such pumps can also serve as priming pumps, so-called when they are used to fulfill that need for other pumps in lieu of action taken by a human operator.

One sort of pump once common worldwide was a hand-powered water pump, or "pitcher pump". It was commonly installed over community water wells in the days before piped water supplies.

In parts of the British Isles, it was often called the parish pump. Though such community pumps are no longer common, people still used the expression parish pump to describe a place or forum where matters of local interest are discussed.

Because water from pitcher pumps is drawn directly from the soil, it is more prone to contamination. If such water is not filtered and purified, consumption of it might lead to gastrointestinal or other water-borne diseases. A notorious case is the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak. At the time it was not known how cholera was transmitted, but physician John Snow suspected contaminated water and had the handle of the public pump he suspected removed; the outbreak then subsided.

Modern hand-operated community pumps are considered the most sustainable low-cost option for safe water supply in resource-poor settings, often in rural areas in developing countries. A hand pump opens access to deeper groundwater that is often not polluted and also improves the safety of a well by protecting the water source from contaminated buckets. Pumps such as the Afridev pump are designed to be cheap to build and install, and easy to maintain with simple parts. However, scarcity of spare parts for these type of pumps in some regions of Africa has diminished their utility for these areas.

Multiphase pumping applications, also referred to as tri-phase, have grown due to increased oil drilling activity. In addition, the economics of multiphase production is attractive to upstream operations as it leads to simpler, smaller in-field installations, reduced equipment costs and improved production rates. In essence, the multiphase pump can accommodate all fluid stream properties with one piece of equipment, which has a smaller footprint. Often, two smaller multiphase pumps are installed in series rather than having just one massive pump.

A rotodynamic pump with one single shaft that requires two mechanical seals, this pump uses an open-type axial impeller. It is often called a Poseidon pump, and can be described as a cross between an axial compressor and a centrifugal pump.

The twin-screw pump is constructed of two inter-meshing screws that move the pumped fluid. Twin screw pumps are often used when pumping conditions contain high gas volume fractions and fluctuating inlet conditions. Four mechanical seals are required to seal the two shafts.

These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil well applications as a method for artificial lift. These pumps are usually specified when the pumped fluid is mainly liquid.

A buffer tank is often installed upstream of the pump suction nozzle in case of a slug flow. The buffer tank breaks the energy of the liquid slug, smooths any fluctuations in the incoming flow and acts as a sand trap.

As the name indicates, multiphase pumps and their mechanical seals can encounter a large variation in service conditions such as changing process fluid composition, temperature variations, high and low operating pressures and exposure to abrasive/erosive media. The challenge is selecting the appropriate mechanical seal arrangement and support system to ensure maximized seal life and its overall effectiveness.

Pumps are commonly rated by horsepower, volumetric flow rate, outlet pressure in metres (or feet) of head, inlet suction in suction feet (or metres) of head.

From an initial design point of view, engineers often use a quantity termed the specific speed to identify the most suitable pump type for a particular combination of flow rate and head.

The power imparted into a fluid increases the energy of the fluid per unit volume. Thus the power relationship is between the conversion of the mechanical energy of the pump mechanism and the fluid elements within the pump. In general, this is governed by a series of simultaneous differential equations, known as the Navier–Stokes equations. However a more simple equation relating only the different energies in the fluid, known as Bernoulli"s equation can be used. Hence the power, P, required by the pump:

where Δp is the change in total pressure between the inlet and outlet (in Pa), and Q, the volume flow-rate of the fluid is given in m3/s. The total pressure may have gravitational, static pressure and kinetic energy components; i.e. energy is distributed between change in the fluid"s gravitational potential energy (going up or down hill), change in velocity, or change in static pressure. η is the pump efficiency, and may be given by the manufacturer"s information, such as in the form of a pump curve, and is typically derived from either fluid dynamics simulation (i.e. solutions to the Navier–Stokes for the particular pump geometry), or by testing. The efficiency of the pump depends upon the pump"s configuration and operating conditions (such as rotational speed, fluid density and viscosity etc.)

For a typical "pumping" configuration, the work is imparted on the fluid, and is thus positive. For the fluid imparting the work on the pump (i.e. a turbine), the work is negative. Power required to drive the pump is determined by dividing the output power by the pump efficiency. Furthermore, this definition encompasses pumps with no moving parts, such as a siphon.

Pump efficiency is defined as the ratio of the power imparted on the fluid by the pump in relation to the power supplied to drive the pump. Its value is not fixed for a given pump, efficiency is a function of the discharge and therefore also operating head. For centrifugal pumps, the efficiency tends to increase with flow rate up to a point midway through the operating range (peak efficiency or Best Efficiency Point (BEP) ) and then declines as flow rates rise further. Pump performance data such as this is usually supplied by the manufacturer before pump selection. Pump efficiencies tend to decline over time due to wear (e.g. increasing clearances as impellers reduce in size).

When a system includes a centrifugal pump, an important design issue is matching the head loss-flow characteristic with the pump so that it operates at or close to the point of its maximum efficiency.

Most large pumps have a minimum flow requirement below which the pump may be damaged by overheating, impeller wear, vibration, seal failure, drive shaft damage or poor performance.

The simplest minimum flow system is a pipe running from the pump discharge line back to the suction line. This line is fitted with an orifice plate sized to allow the pump minimum flow to pass.

A more sophisticated, but more costly, system (see diagram) comprises a flow measuring device (FE) in the pump discharge which provides a signal into a flow controller (FIC) which actuates a flow control valve (FCV) in the recycle line. If the measured flow exceeds the minimum flow then the FCV is closed. If the measured flow falls below the minimum flow the FCV opens to maintain the minimum flowrate.

As the fluids are recycled the kinetic energy of the pump increases the temperature of the fluid. For many pumps this added heat energy is dissipated through the pipework. However, for large industrial pumps, such as oil pipeline pumps, a recycle cooler is provided in the recycle line to cool the fluids to the normal suction temperature.oil refinery, oil terminal, or offshore installation.

Engineering Sciences Data Unit (2007). "Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps. Introduction" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-08. Retrieved 2017-08-18.

Tanzania water Archived 2012-03-31 at the Wayback Machine blog – example of grassroots researcher telling about his study and work with the rope pump in Africa.

C.M. Schumacher, M. Loepfe, R. Fuhrer, R.N. Grass, and W.J. Stark, "3D printed lost-wax casted soft silicone monoblocks enable heart-inspired pumping by internal combustion," RSC Advances, Vol. 4, pp. 16039–16042, 2014.

"Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps" (PDF). Institution of Diploma Marine Engineers, Bangladesh. June 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-08. Retrieved 2017-08-18.

Quail F, Scanlon T, Stickland M (2011-01-11). "Design optimisation of a regenerative pump using numerical and experimental techniques" (PDF). International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow. 21: 95–111. doi:10.1108/09615531111095094. Retrieved 2021-07-21.

Rajmane, M. Satish; Kallurkar, S.P. (May 2015). "CFD Analysis of Domestic Centrifugal Pump for Performance Enhancement". International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology. 02 / #02. Retrieved 30 April 2021.

Wasser, Goodenberger, Jim and Bob (November 1993). "Extended Life, Zero Emissions Seal for Process Pumps". John Crane Technical Report. Routledge. TRP 28017.

Donald Routledge Hill, "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East", cf. Donald Hill, Mechanical Engineering Archived 25 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine)

Australian Pump Manufacturers" Association. Australian Pump Technical Handbook, 3rd edition. Canberra: Australian Pump Manufacturers" Association, 1987. ISBN 0-7316-7043-4.