swash plate hydraulic pump animation for sale

Piston design - Solid, hollow, or with piston rings. The design and weight of the pistons will have a major effect on pump efficiency. The Parker F11 design with its lightweight head and retained balls can reach significantly higher speeds than swashplate pumps with their longer, heavier pistons.

Some pumps and motors can run over-centre, which means they can provide flow or rotate their drive shaft in both directions. These are commonly used in closed circuit, mobile vehicle drives systems.

Bent axis designs tend to have much heavier duty shaft bearings than swashplate pumps. This is because they are more commonly used as motor drive units and have to take the wheel loads against their shaft. Swashplate pumps, on the other hand, tend to be driven through flexible couplings that will remove any side loads, so the internal bearing is sized just to take the internal loads from the dynamic and pressure loading forces.

Noise level can be an issue with piston pumps. The noise is generated by the discontinuities in the flow e.g. as the pistons move forward and backward they create a pulsating flow that passes into the complete hydraulic system and vibrates or radiates from other components further down the circuit. This flow discontinuity is further complicated by the supply port which connects and disconnects each piston as it rotates. The timing of the opening and closing can create other, higher frequency flow discontinuities. Often different timing plates are available for different operating conditions e.g. fixed speed or variable speed applications.

Case leakage line pressures are critical for controlling the pressure balance of the slipper against the suction pressure. Care should be taken with some pump controllers as the valves exhaust into the pump casing and can create dangerous pressure spikes. Make sure case drain lines are sufficiently sized. One possible solution may be to use a more compliant, clear plastic hose for the case leakage line which will have the effect of damping out these peaks before damage the slippers. Case leakage line temperatures are also a good way of monitoring the health of the pump as discussed in the vane pump section.

If you are in doubt about the most appropriate pump to use in your application then always talk to manufacture or distributor who should be able to offer the most appropriate pump range and advise the expected service life.

Pressure washing requires a pump capable of producing high pressure with low flow compared to other common pumping applications (sump pumps require high flow at low pressure). The pump also needs to be light, compact and economical.

All pressure washer pumps are in the reciprocating group and use pistons or plungers to add energy to the water. There are two main differences between the piston and plunger pump.

The piston pump has the cylinder seal attached to the piston so it moves with it on each stroke. The plunger pump has the cylinder seal at a stationary point that the piston moves through with each stroke.

Entry level pump that uses a wobble plate connected to the drive shaft to push pistons back and forth creating suction and then pushing the water out.

There is a large spring for each piston to allow the wobble plate to push against them. This causes the pump to be only 70% efficient because it has to push against the water and the springs. Wobble pumps are not economically repaired as they have many intricate parts in tough to get to places and are sealed shut before leaving the factory.

Intermediate level pump that offers many advantages over the wobble and is capable of higher PSI and GPM. You can see in the animation below it is similar to the wobble but slightly different in that the pistons actually rotate around the swash plate. The swash plate angle causes the pistons to stroke as they go from one side to suck up the water and then the other to push out the water. The operation allows for a larger oil reservoir and larger bearings, extending life. It rotates in the same axis as the drive shaft as it is directly connected.

Cons: Runs at engine speed (read: high speed) and can’t be as easily cooled as triplex pump since the cylinders are rotating. The cylinder seal is on the piston head and moves with each stroke causing it to wear. Rotating mass can cause excess vibration if not properly balanced.

Fixed vs Variable Displacement – You can adjust the angle of the swash plate in the variable displacement piston pump to vary the flow. The fixed version you can not.

Professional level pumps use triplex pumps because it allows very high pressure and can run for thousands of hours before any maintenance. You can see in the animation below it uses a similar setup to your car engine (crankshaft, connecting rods) to drive positive action pistons to suck in water and then push out water with each stroke. They are nearly 90% efficient and run cooler as they run at less rpm than the engine. In a triplex (3 pistons) plunger pump the pistons stroke 120 degrees apart to offer smooth flow over the entire revolution of the crankshaft.

Their life span is basically limited only by how well you maintain them. The easy to access pump head and easy to replace valves make repair and maintenance economical. (~10x lifespan of axial).

This list is not exhaustive. Companies don’t seem to like putting what brand pump they use in their pressure washers. They prefer to just say, “axial cam” or “triplex plunger” in their literature. Let me know if something should be added.

AR is an Italian pump manufacturer. They also make electric motors under the Ravel brand name. They make pressure washer under the AR Blue Clean name and also sell their pressure washers under the Black & Decker and Michelin names.

Used by these brand pressure washers: AR, BE, Briggs & Stratton pressure washer pump, Campbell Hausfeld, Craftsman pressure washer pump, Generac pressure washer pump, Kranzle, Mi-T-M, Pressure-Pro.

“The pump with nine lives” first introduced a 4 GPM 700 PSI pressure washer pump in 1968. Then they moved into the carwash industry in U.S. and across Europe. Today they offer hundreds of different pump models across the range of pump types.

Comet is the U.S. distributor of another Italian pump manufacturer, Comet SpA. Their pumps are used across many industries from breweries, cement plants and oil fields to pulp and paper and pressure washers.

Based in Minnesota, General Pump is well-known in the pressure washing and vehicle wash industry for their superior triplex plunger pumps. They offer hundreds of different models.

Karcher is a german company that is the biggest pressure washer manufacturer in the world. So it makes sense that they make their own pumps. They’ve designed their pumps from the ground up using corrosion-free “N-COR” material which is a combination of polyamide and glass fiber.

Things to be mindful of. The description of the pump will often tell all you need to know about if the pump can work with your pressure washer. However, be sure that the drive shaft measurements match… And that the engine/motor has enough power for the pump. Also be sure it is the correct configuration – vertical or horizontal – for mounting.

Axial piston pumps are a common part throughout construction machines and across construction equipment brands. Their design allows them to be used from the cooling system to the steering system to a multitude of places throughout a machine. Anyone who has worked in construction equipment has certainly come across an axial piston pump, but one might still wonder, “What exactly is going on in this little box?” That’s why we’re here to help.

Whether you’re researching an axial piston pump problem or you’re just inquisitive about this widely-used part, read on for a short explainer on how they work and what they do.

At its most basic, an axial piston pump turns mechanical energy (the turning of a shaft) into hydraulic output (the moving of fluid). The use cases for an axial piston pump are wide-ranging, leading to the adoption of this pump design throughout construction equipment types and across construction equipment brands. An axial piston pump provides advantages in dependability, simplicity, and efficiency leading to its use in handling a wide range of tasks on a machine.

The basic mechanics and design of an axial piston pump are also commonly combined with gearing designs to create axial piston motors. An example is the swing motor commonly found in excavators which combines the design with planetary gears to power the rotation of the house at the point where it spins relative to the tracks.

Seeing the rotation of the piston barrel and the back and forth action of the pistons clearly illustrates how the axial piston pump works. » Click video to play/pause animation.

To convert mechanical energy into hydraulic output, an axial piston pump utilizes a rotating, splined drive shaft that connects to and turns a piston barrel. To create the pumping mechanism of the pump, piston pumps can use either a swash plate design (featured in video) or a bent axis design.

In both designs, as the pistons rotate they are repeatedly drawn away from a valve plate and then pushed closer to the valve plate. This variation in distance alters the size of the chamber available to hold hydraulic fluid. At times when the gap between the end of a specific piston and the valve plate is decreasing, the chamber will shorten, and hydraulic fluid will be expelled through the valve plate. As the piston rotates, it will eventually reach a point where the gap is increasing, leading to a longer chamber. This vacuum will cause hydraulic fluid to be drawn into the chamber through the valve plate.

Since the valve plate acts as a divider between the input and output sides of the pump, as the pistons and piston barrel rotate, hydraulic fluid will be continuously cycled through the pump as it is drawn from one connection and directed with force into another.

Since the rotating of the pistons and piston barrel is determined by the rotation of the shaft, the pump"s output can be controlled by increasing and decreasing the speed of the shaft. In the swash plate design, further control of the pump is possible by adjusting the angle of the swash plate, changing the distance of the pistons from the valve plate, and, in turn, increasing or decreasing the size of the chamber available to hold hydraulic fluid.

The shaft distributes mechanical, rotational force to the pump. Splines on the shaft interconnect with splines in the piston barrel to turn the barrel and pistons while splines on the part of the shaft that extends from the housing connect to the machine.

Pistons inside the pump rotate around the center shaft. Since the plane at which one end of the piston is attached is set at an angle determined by the swash plate, the pistons also vary their distance from the valve plate as they rotate. This variation causes a continuous alternation in the depth of the cavity available to hold hydraulic fluid inside the piston barrel and leads to their continuous looping through the pumping process.

In an axial piston pump utilizing a swash plate design, the swash plate is responsible for setting the angle of the piston’s container and, in turn, the amount of variation in depth the pistons will move through. Altering the angle of the swash plate allows the action of the axial piston pump to be further controlled.

The valve plate sits on the end of the piston barrel opposite the pistons. Slots in the valve plate allow fluid to be directed to specific connections for intake and discharge.

Axial piston pumps feature a number of moving parts which always require lubrication and other techniques to decrease friction between moving surfaces. Because of the often rapid speed at which they operate, if an axial piston pump operates in an environment with less than ideal lubrication wear can happen rapidly and even lead to catastrophic failure.

An axial piston pump is often subject to repetitive, long-lasting, and high-pressure work, and with any part subject to those conditions, the buildup of heat over time is always a possibility. Overheating of the pump can be further amplified through inefficiencies developing inside the pump and issues with the overall hydraulic system with which the pump is connected. Examples of each would be: a bearing failure that forces the pump to work harder to maintain expected output and bubbles in the hydraulic fluid inside the pump (cavitation) from operating in a system low in fluid.

Like any part in the hydraulic system, containing hydraulic fluid and directing it in very specific ways is necessary for consistent and expected functioning. If fluid is allowed to flow in unintended ways, the pump will lose efficiency or even lose the ability to provide adequate output. Seals and gaskets are used in axial piston pumps to ensure proper operation, but over time (or due to neglect) seals and gaskets can reach a state of failure that will affect the working ability of the pump.

While a full determination of why an axial piston pump failed can involve a removal and disassembly of the part, often there are simple signs to watch for when one suggests an issue with an axial piston pump, namely:

If the pump begins underperforming during operation and other issues that could affect output like loose hydraulic connections are eliminated, a lack of power can be a sign of internal problems in the pump.

Most axial piston pumps can be expected to create some level of noise, depending on size and design. A pump that has suddenly become louder or begins broadcasting an erratic noise can be a sign that internal parts of the pump are operating outside of proper conditions.

Friction is almost always a byproduct of moving parts and, if unchecked inside the part, it will often show its effects on the outside of the part through heat and/or vibrations. While some heat and vibration is to be expected, especially if the pump is called upon to work for an extended period of time, excess vibration and heating are both a symptom of a problem and a possible escalation of issues.

Most hydraulic systems connect a number of parts in a machine and contamination from failure can often come from any of them. The discovery of fluid contamination can be combined with the previously mentioned signs to narrow issues to the pump.

An H&R tech is at work in the shop rebuilding an axial piston pump, a fairly common sight in the shop because of the wide use of axial piston pumps in construction equipment.

Here’s to hoping you read this article on axial piston pumps because of a pure curiosity about how they work and function. If though, you’ve arrived here in search of a diagnosis for axial piston pump problems, hopefully, with this information in hand you’re closer to solving your troubles.

As a top dismantler and parts rebuilder for construction equipment, axial piston pumps are a frequent rebuild project in the H&R Recon and Rebuild shops. Big parts to small, our parts technicians brings decades of experience to our rebuild project and we take pride in knowing that experience leads to a part that will outlast and outperform the competition. If you’re in search of a replacement axial piston pump, our Parts Specialist are here to help in your search. Just give them a call.

Kawasaki’s new medium duty pump, the K3VLS, has been developed for machines and equipment that use a load sensing control system and/or electric displacement control systems. Its launch follows extensive research and development as our engineers combined efficiency with simplicity to deliver the most technologically advanced pump on the market.

Features a hybrid drive system that combines the benefits of hydraulics with the controllability of an AC servo motor and inverter motor to satisfy a broad range of specifications with a small volume pump. Users will find energy savings in fields such as industrial machinery and machine tools.

Total weight 3.3kg. The weight of the device on ankle part where the exercise load is big is reduced to 0.97kg by wearing the power supply on the waist. 65Nm torque is generated by Takako"s standard 0.4cc pump.

Swashplate animation. The rotating shaft and plate are shown in silver. The fixed plate is shown in gold and six shafts each take a reciprocating motion from points on the gold plate. The shafts might be connected to pistons in cylinders. Note the power may be coming from the shaft to drive the pistons as in a pump, or from the pistons to drive the shaft rotation as in an engine.

A swashplate, also known as slant disk, was invented by Anthony Michell in 1917.mechanical engineering device used to translate the motion of a rotating shaft into reciprocating motion, or vice versa. The working principle is similar to crankshaft, Scotch yoke, or wobble/nutator/Z-crank drives, in engine designs. It was originally invented to replace a crankshaft, and is one of the most popular concepts used in crankless engines.

A swashplate consists of a disk attached to a shaft. If the disk were aligned perpendicular to the shaft, then rotating the shaft would merely turn the disk with no reciprocating (or swashplate) effect. But instead the disk is mounted at an oblique angle, which causes its edge to appear to describe a path that oscillates along the shaft"s length as observed from a non-rotating point of view away from the shaft. The greater the disk"s angle to the shaft, the more pronounced is this apparent linear motion. The apparent linear motion can be turned into an actual linear motion by means of a follower that does not turn with the swashplate but presses against one of the disk"s two surfaces near its circumference. The device has many similarities to the cam.

The swashplate engine uses a swashplate in place of a crankshaft to translate the motion of a piston into rotary motion. Internal combustion engines and Stirling engines have been built using this mechanism. Duke Engines has been working on such a platform since 1993.

The axial piston pump drives a series of pistons aligned parallel with a shaft through a swashplate to pump a fluid.compressor of a present-day automobile air conditioning system. By varying the angle of the swashplate, the pistons" stroke (and, therefore, the compressor"s cooling capacity) can be dynamically adjusted.

A helicopter swashplate is a pair of plates, one rotating and one fixed, that are centered on the main rotor shaft. The rotating plate is linked to the rotor head, and the fixed plate is linked to the operator controls. Displacement of the alignment of the fixed plate is transferred to the rotating plate, where it becomes reciprocal motion of the rotor blade linkages. This type of differential pitch control, known as cyclic pitch, allows the helicopter rotor to provide selective lift in any direction. The swashplate can also transfer a combined static pitch increase to all rotor blades, which is known as collective pitch.

Nutating flowmeters and pumps have similar motions to the wobble of a swashplate, but do not necessarily transform the motion to a reciprocating motion at any time.

Active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars are flat plates that can scan up to sixty degrees in any direction from directly ahead of them. By mounting an AESA radar on a swashplate, the swashplate angle is added to the electronic scan angle. The typical swashplate angle chosen for this application is 40 degrees, enabling the radar to scan a total angle of 200 degrees out of 360.

Harris, R. M.; Edge, K. A.; Tilley, D. G. (1993). Predicting the behaviour of slipper pads in swashplate-type axial piston pumps. ASME WAM. New Orleans, LA, USA.: University of Bath Repository. pp. 1–9.