kelly bushing elevation pricelist

In the oil and gas industry, depth in a well is the measurement, for any point in that well, of the distance between a reference point or elevation, and that point. It is the most common method of reference for locations in the well, and therefore, in oil industry speech, “depth” also refers to the location itself.

Because wells are not always drilled vertically, there may be two “depths” for every given point in a wellbore: the measured depth (MD) measured along the path of the borehole, and the true vertical depth (TVD), the absolute vertical distance between the datum and the point in the wellbore. In perfectly vertical wells, the TVD equals the MD; otherwise, the TVD is less than the MD measured from the same datum. Common datums used are ground level (GL), drilling rig floor (DF), rotary table (RT), kelly bushing (KB) and mean sea level (MSL). [1]

Kelly Bushing Height (KB):The height of the drilling floor above the ground level. Many wellbore depth measurements are taken from the Kelly Bushing. The Kelly bushing elevation is calculated by adding the ground level to the Kelly bushing height.

In the oil and gas industry, depth in a well is the measurement, for any point in that well, of the distance between a reference point or elevation, and that point. It is the most common method of reference for locations in the well, and therefore, in oil industry speech, “depth” also refers to the location itself.

Because wells are not always drilled vertically, there may be two “depths” for every given point in a wellbore: the measured depth (MD) measured along the path of the borehole, and the true vertical depth (TVD), the absolute vertical distance between the datum and the point in the wellbore. In perfectly vertical wells, the TVD equals the MD; otherwise, the TVD is less than the MD measured from the same datum. Common datums used are ground level (GL), drilling rig floor (DF), rotary table (RT), kelly bushing (KB) and mean sea level (MSL). [1]

Kelly Bushing Height (KB):The height of the drilling floor above the ground level. Many wellbore depth measurements are taken from the Kelly Bushing. The Kelly bushing elevation is calculated by adding the ground level to the Kelly bushing height.

Kelly Bushing Height (KB): The height of the drilling floor above the ground level. Many wellbore depth measurements are taken from the Kelly Bushing. The Kelly bushing elevation is calculated by adding the ground level to the Kelly bushing height.

1. n. [Drilling] An adapter that serves to connect the rotary table to the kelly. The kelly bushing has an inside diameter profile that matches that of the kelly, usually square or hexagonal. It is connected to the rotary table by four large steel pins that fit into mating holes in the rotary table.

A Kelly bushing (some people call “rotary Kelly bushing”) engages a master bushing via four pins and rollers inside a Kelly bushing to allow a Kelly to move up or down freely while it is rotated or in a static mode. This video demonstrates how to make a connection via a Kelly system.

Kelly bushing is that elevated device positioned right on top of the rotary table and used to transmit torque from the rotary table to the kelly. The kelly bushing is designed to be the connection between the rotary table and the kelly.

1. n. [Drilling] An adapter that serves to connect the rotary table to the kelly. The kelly bushing has an inside diameter profile that matches that of the kelly, usually square or hexagonal. It is connected to the rotary table by four large steel pins that fit into mating holes in the rotary table.

The kelly is used to transmit rotary motion from the rotary table or kelly bushing to the drillstring, while allowing the drillstring to be lowered or raised during rotation.

1. adj. [Drilling] Referring to the condition that occurs when the kelly is all the way down, so drilling progress cannot continue. A connection must be made, which has the effect of raising the kelly up by the length of the new joint of drillpipe added, so drilling can resume.

This means that Top Drives can drill about 90 feet before making a connection, whereas with a Kelly System, you will make a connection at about 30 feet deep. Another difference between a Kelly and a Top Drive is that a Top Drive System allows rotation and circulation while back reaming out of a hole.

Kelly drive system is capable to drill with one single drill pipe. On other hand TDS is capable to drill with drill pipe stand. One drill pipe stand is made of three drill pipe joints together.

Kelly bars operate by transferring the torque and crowd force from a rotary drive tool to the drilling tool. Many kelly bars can be applied to any type of piling rig that is available on the market. Kelly bars can be divided into two main types: friction kelly bars and interlocking kelly bars.

The wear bushing is housed in the head or in the spool and is secured by means of two tie down screws to protect it against damage or wear during drilling. It is installed or retrieved with either a simple installation tool or with the HCC combined tool.

Kelly Saver Subs refer to a sub used between the Kelly or top head drive and the drill pipe. It is usually a pin to pin sub that takes the wear abuse to protect the drill pipe and the drive connection. Mills can furnish these subs along with the fluted, hex, or square Kelly Bar drive itself.

A mechanical device for rotating the kelly. The kelly spinner is typically pneumatic. It is a relatively low torque device, useful only for the initial makeup of threaded tool joints. It is not strong enough for proper torque of the tool joint or for rotating the drillstring itself.

This means that Top Drives can drill about 90 feet before making a connection, whereas with a Kelly System, you will make a connection at about 30 feet deep. Another difference between a Kelly and a Top Drive is that a Top Drive System allows rotation and circulation while back reaming out of a hole.

Kelly bars are key components in the execution of boreholes with hydraulic rotary drilling rigs. They transfer the torque of the rotary drive and the crowd pressure of the crowd system concurrently to the drilling tool.

A kelly drive is a type of well drilling device on an oil or gas drilling rig that employs a section of pipe with a polygonal (three-, four-, six-, or eight-sided) or splined outer surface, which passes through the matching polygonal or splined kelly (mating) bushing and rotary table.

A conventional rotary rig or rotary table rig or kelly drive rig is a drilling rig where the rotation of the drill string and bit is applied from a rotary table on the rig floor.

Kelly drive system is capable to drill with one single drill pipe. On other hand TDS is capable to drill with drill pipe stand. One drill pipe stand is made of three drill pipe joints together.

Kelly bars operate by transferring the torque and crowd force from a rotary drive tool to the drilling tool. Many kelly bars can be applied to any type of piling rig that is available on the market. Kelly bars can be divided into two main types: friction kelly bars and interlocking kelly bars.

Kelly bushing is that elevated device positioned right on top of the rotary table and used to transmit torque from the rotary table to the kelly. The kelly bushing is designed to be the connection between the rotary table and the kelly. The kelly is a 4 or 6 sided steel pipe.

The purpose of the rotary table is to generate the rotary action (torque) and power necessary to rotate the drillstring and drill a well. The torque generated by the rotary table is useless if it is not transferred to the kelly (the drillstring is connected to the kelly).

Hence, through the kelly bushing the torque generated at the rotary table is transferred to the kelly. To achieve this connection, the inside profile of the kelly bushing matches the outer profile of the kelly so that the kelly fits or “sits” comfortably in the kelly bushing.

There are various designs for the kelly bushing including the split type, the pin-drive type and the square-drive type. Each of these designs has different ways in which they are connected and disconnected from the rotary table.

The internal diameter of the kelly bushing can be cut into the shape of a square (4-sided) or a hexagon (6-sided) depending on the outer shape of the kelly that will be used. The internals of a Kelly bushing is designed to resemble the outer shape of a Kelly just like the insides of a key lock is cut to exactly match the outer shape of the key.

The kelly bushing is not designed to hold tightly onto the Kelly; the kelly is still permitted to move up and down through the kelly bushing. This requirement is a must since drilling cannot progress if the kelly remains on a fixed spot. As the well is drilled deeper, the kelly also moves downward through the Kelly bushing.

The kelly bushing is sometimes used as a reference point from which depth measurements can be taken. All depths must be recorded with respect to a reference point; the kelly bushing (KB) is one of the depth references used in the oil and gas industry.

The top of the kelly bushing is normally used as the depth reference.For example, 7500ft KB means 7500ft below the kelly bushing or 7500ft measured from the top of the kelly bushing down to that point in the well.

In some other cases, depths could be recorded as 7500ft MDBKB meaning 7500ft measured depth below the kelly bushing. This is mostly used when the measured depth is different from the true vertical depth of the well, common with deviated and horizontal wells.

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An adapter that serves to connect the rotary table to the kelly. The kelly bushing has an inside diameter profile that matches that of the kelly, usually square or hexagonal. It is connected to the rotary table by four large steel pins that fit into mating holes in the rotary table. The rotary motion from the rotary table is transmitted to the bushing through the pins, and then to the kelly itself through the square or hexagonal flat surfaces between the kelly and the kelly bushing. The kelly then turns the entire drillstring because it is screwed into the top of the drillstring itself. Depth measurements are commonly referenced to the KB, such as 8327 ft KB, meaning 8327 feet below the kelly bushing.

In the oil and gas industry, depth in a well is the measurement, for any point in that well, of the distance between a reference point or elevation, and that point. It is the most common method of reference for locations in the well, and therefore, in oil industry speech, "depth" also refers to the location itself.

By extension, depth can refer to locations below, or distances from, a reference point or elevation, even when there is no well. In that sense, depth is a concept related to elevation, albeit in the opposite direction. Depth in a well is not necessarily measured vertically or along a straight line.

Because wells are not always drilled vertically, there may be two "depths" for every given point in a wellbore: the borehole, and the datum and the point in the wellbore. In perfectly vertical wells, the TVD equals the MD; otherwise, the TVD is less than the MD measured from the same datum. Common datums used are ground level (GL), drilling rig floor (DF), Rotary table (RT), kelly bushing (KB or RKB) and mean sea level (MSL).

Sign Convention - Depth increases positive in the downward direction. This may seem intuitive but confusion can arise when using certain references while integrating data from different sources. Workers mapping surfaces typically use elevation which, by convention, increases positive in the upward direction. Be mindful when integrating depth and elevation. For example, shallow wells drilled onshore often encounter reservoir at negative depths when referenced to sea level, mappers would define these same reservoirs at positive elevations when referenced to sea level.

The acronym TVDSS is commonly used in the oil industry to represent TVD minus the elevation above mean sea level of the depth reference point of the well. The depth reference point is the kelly bushing in the United States and a few other nations, but is the drill floor in most places.

Common references used in operations include: Rotary Table (RT), Drill Floor (DF), Kelly Bushing (KB), Sea Bottom (SB), Ground Level (GL), Casing Bowl Flange (CBF).

At a previous employer a coworker came to me and told me that a group within our company had asked for all the KB (kelly bushing) elevations for every well in Colorado. I replied that it made no sense and asked my coworker to see if the reference elevations were what they really wanted. The coworker returned the next day and indicated that they had insisted on the KB elevations. We supplied the KB elevations and sure enough, about a week later they came back and asked for the reference elevations.

It’s really important to understand the data you’re working with – what it is, where it came from, and what it can be used for. The problem is sometimes actually harder than it seems. If we use the example above, most logs are measured from the KB elevation, correct? So you want KB elevations when normalizing logs to the sea-level datum?

Yes, most logs are measured from the KB. No, never use just the KB. Some logs are measured from the DF (derrick floor), GR (ground), or CHF (casing head flange), and there are a few other strange places logs are measured from. In today’s world, where multiple rigs can drill multiple sections of a well, the KB can have different elevations depending on the run of the log. It’s really important to put things back together on a common reference point so the logs aren’t off and formations can be correlated and depth corrected. (Side note: the definition of MSL, mean sea-level, is also probably a good topic of future discussion. It’s probably not what or where you think it is).

I really like to use the CHF as the reference elevation because after surface casing is run and cemented in, it is a constant point that has a single elevation point throughout the drilling and completion cycle. No matter what the elevation of the rig or completion is, the CHF is always at the same elevation.

So the KB is a physical place on the rig and the reference elevation is the physical place where the log was measured from. They can be the same thing but equating them everywhere will certainly create incorrect data.

Where the elevations come from is another question. Elevations are often supplied on the drilling permit, the completion report, the logs, and probably a couple of other reports.

The elevation starts when the surveyor goes out and measures precisely where the oil and gas company wants the well. Today everything is done by GPS, and the surveyor gets a latitude, longitude, and elevation. At the precise spot, the surveyor pounds a steak into the ground and ties an orange surveyor’s ribbon on it. It’s usually in some pasture and hopefully not on the side of a hill or in the middle of some pond. That does happen, however, despite the fact that the geologist spends months studying the subsurface. The thing is, they probably don’t spend more than 10 minutes looking at the surface.

Some companies will actually call back the surveyor to have him give a final elevation of the ground and of the KB and/or DF. If you’re really lucky, the company will have also asked the surveyor to respot the well location so there is an updated lat/long, but don’t count on it. One of the most shocking comments I’ve heard about well locations is, “I don’t worry about well locations anymore because everyone uses a GPS.” Yes, the surveyor used a GPS to place the stake in the ground … just before the bulldozer pushed it into the dirt pile.

If the ground elevation changed between the permit and the completion report, there’s an excellent chance the surveyor came back and resurveyed (and hopefully he also included an elevation to something permanent, like the CHF).

So the question is, now that we have established that we might have several different elevations, what is the best one to use? Oh how I wish that were the only question that needed answering. Elevations are reported to the state and elsewhere from lots of different sources. Permits, completions, activity reports, and logs are the main documents where this data can be found. Locations are a different story, and it is a rare event to see a correction.

The elevations off the log are probably the best to use. Though I have seen them wrong on the log, it’s a rare occurrence. The elevations are generally captured to support the geologist in making structure maps, so there’s a good chance they’ve been checked and verified.

The completion information is also another good place to grab the elevations. However, grabbing them from the permit would personally be my last choice, but it’s a lot better than nothing or an estimated elevation from a topo map or DLG file.

So the next time you are looking for an elevation, ask yourself, what was it referenced to, what document did it come from and, probably most importantly, is it a reasonable value?

A couple of other TDs come into play when you are drilling directional or horizontal wells. MTD is the measured total depth, which is the distance along the wellbore. The other piece of information is the true vertical depth (TVD), which is the distance of the well from the surface. There is actually one other measurement, called true vertical depth subsea (TVDSS), which is the TVD as referenced from the reference elevation. In many instances this ends up with data below the sea level and the values are negative. Think of this like a thermometer, where some values are below zero (below sea-level).