api mechanical seal plans pdf factory

FLUSH PLANS FOR MECHANICAL SEALS – INTRODUCTIONPumps and seals are being installed into increasingly difficult services. Forsuccessful operation of mechanical seals, the environment and care of the sealsrequire more sophisticated seal chambers and flushing arrangements. This sectionof the Dean Pump Price Book is designed to allow the application and pricing offlush plans suitable to meet the requirements for the mechanical seal.The American Petroleum Institute (API) has defined certain seal flusharrangements known by their plan numbers. Later, the flush plans developed forthe ANSI standard followed suit and placed the digits "73" in front of the API plannumber to achieve some standardization within the process industry. Thus, APIplan 11 becomes and ANSI Plan 7311.Dean Pump has worked with many engineering houses and customers over theyears and has developed a great deal of experience with sealing systems. WhileDean will quote any flush system requirement as requested by a particularcustomer, it has been found that the API/ANSI systems generally meet or exceedmost customer requirements. In addition, Dean Pump developed the Seal GuardEnvironment systems that provide the ultimate mechanical seal flush plan. Forsystems that do not require ANSI/API flush plans, Dean Pump has also includedthe P1200 loop, which is a basic low cost flush plan to satisfy the economyminded customer.The experience of Dean Pump is contained in these price pages. Many of theflush plans are divided into "Toxic/Flammable" and "Non-Toxic/Non-Flammable“services. The information on these plans along with the details described in the"Special Notes" section can be used as a guide in quoting and discussing optionswith customers. The "fine print" in the Special Notes section provides a multitude ofdetails about each flush system. For example, a customer requesting all socketwelded connections can not have every connection welded. Some accommodationmust be made for disconnecting the system. Being aware of the requirements ofthe customer and the manufacturing limitations of the product is extremely helpful.API flush plans are based on the 7 th Edition of API610. Newer versions of the APIspecifications has limited the cooling and flushing options available.Finally, if there are any doubts, questions, or comments, please feel free to call theFactory and the seal vendor.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 1

SEAL GUARD SYSTEMS – PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONSeal Guard systems are designed to provide a clean liquid for seal flushing thatprovides protection for the mechanical seal in the pump seal chamber. Dean Pumpoffers two basic systems to guard against mechanical seal failure. These systemswill also help to prolong the life of the seal. Both systems are filtration systemsinstalled into the seal flush lines to remove stray abrasive particles which causeseal face wear.Seal Guard A - is designed for filtration only. Particles larger than 10 microns arefiltered from the system using clean-able or replaceable 316SS woven filterelements.Seal Guard B - is designed for high temperature applications and includes a heatexchanger installed ahead of the replaceable filter elements for both filtration andtemperature control.Seal Guard systems are most often used with MIN-FLO Bushings in the pump sealchamber. These bushings restrict the flow from the seal chamber back into thepump during operation and increases the effectiveness of the Seal Guard system.Seal Guards can be used on any pump product line. Their sale is not limited toDean Pump products. Seal Guards are hydrostatically tested but do not meet anyindustrial standard and are not for application to API610 series pumps. Seal Guardapplications must be limited to iron or steel pumps and are not suitable forapplications that require alloy materials.The Seal Guard system is fully described in Bulletin A2000.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 2

SEAL GUARD SYSTEMS – (See Note #1)Model A Series – Filtration Only (See Note #2)Mounted on Pump BaseplateModel Description List PriceA500T A Series Seal Guard - Filtration - Threaded Connections $4,483A500F A Series Seal Guard - Filtration - Flanged Connections C/FA700T A Series Seal Guard - Filtration - Threaded Connections C/FBD500TB500TModel B Series – Filtration and Cooling (See Notes #2 & #3)Mounted on Separate BaseplateModel Description List PriceBD200T B Series Seal Guard - Cooling & Filtration - $5,248Threaded Connections & Duplex FilterB400T B Series Seal Guard - Cooling & Filtration - $5,248Threaded Connections & Simplex FilterB400F B Series Seal Guard - Cooling & Filtration - C/FFlanged Connections & Simplex FilterB500T B Series Seal Guard - Cooling & Filtration - $6,226Threaded Connections & Simplex FilterBD500T B Series Seal Guard - Cooling & Filtration - $8,240Threaded Connections & Duplex FilterNotes:1. Seal Guard systems are not rated for API application and are suitable for pumps in steel or iron construction only. Do notuse for 316SS or other alloy applications.2. The product description letters and numbers are as follows:First Letter - Seal Guard Series A - Filtration Only; B - Cooling and Filtration. (The letter D following in the second positionindicates a Duplex arrangement.); 3 Digit Number indicates the pressure rating of the Seal Guard system in psi.;Final Letter: T - Threaded Construction; F - Flanged Construction3. The heat exchangers provided for Seal Guard B are furnished with a steel shell and 316SS tube as standard.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 3

DEAN P1200 ECONOMY FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPSPlan Description:Dean Plan P1200 systems include piping (or tubing) from the pumpdischarge gauge connection to the seal flush connection on the pumpbackhead or seal gland. These plans include all piping and/or tubing.List Prices (Notes 1 & 3)Carbon SteelCarbon SteelFitted 316SS Pipe 316SS PipeSystem Description (Note #2) Tubing Threaded ThreadedRecirculation of Pumpage from Pump Case toP1200 Seal Without Orifice (Similar to API Plan 11 orANSI Plan 7311) VALVE NOT INCLUDED$216 $329 $456 $692Valve Valve for Recirculation Line $205 $762 $205 $762General Notes:1. For all other flush plans, refer to API/ANSI Flush Plans shown elsewhere for your particular requirements.2. The plan with carbon steel tubing uses carbon steel fittings with 316SS tubing.3. Connections on the casing require a price adder for discharge gauge connections and may require an additional price adderif the seal chamber requires back drilling.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 4

SOME COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONSABOUT API/ANSI FLUSH PLANSThere are two organizations in the United States which have taken the lead in developingacceptable standards for the pump industry. The American Petroleum Institute (API) and AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI) have outlined a number of flush plans which encompass themajority of applications. API610 is mainly recognized as a standard which defines the qualityrequirements of a pump and/or system. ANSI-B73.1 is viewed as more of a dimensional and featurestandard. ANSI plans are designated the same as API plans except for the addition of a "73" prefixon the plan number. For example, an API Plan 21 is designated as an ANSI Plan 7321.API and ANSI flush plans are similar and upon initial examination look nearly identical. However,there are definite differences in their construction. Often, API flush plans, which are historicallylocated in refinery environments, are piped and welded. ANSI plans, on the other hand, can utilizetubing. Another notable difference is in the API plan 52/53 and the ANSI plan 7352/7353. APIspecifies Schedule 40 minimum thickness vessels. ANSI allows for the use Schedule 10 vessels. Allof the plans are offered in steel and stainless steel construction. They also have differingconstructions for Toxic/Flammable or Nontoxic/Nonflammable applications.Meeting the customer"s specific requirements is the most important consideration in applying theseplans. Many customers modify their individual requirements from the API and ANSI specifications.Sometimes these are more stringent rules than the API and ANSI specifications. These must takeprecedence over the standard flush plans. There are some limitations as to what the flush plans canor cannot accomplish. The Special Application Notes section on each sheet identifies the particularlimitations of each of the flush plans. For example, a flush loop which requires socket welded jointscan not have all the connections welded some provision must be made to allow for disassembly andrepair.When applying a particular flush plan to a specific job, great care should be taken to insure theneeds of the customer are met. Do not select a plan based solely upon pricing. In general, most APIplans require piping and many require welded joints. Note that these are the most expensive plans.A few API services permit the less expensive plans but, the customer"s requirements takeprecedence. ANSI, on the other hand, is much less specific but still requires close analysis of thecustomer"s specifications and requirements for guidance. However, API plans are often seen onANSI type pumps. Oil companies are very likely to request the more expensive plan and will pay forit. Do not make errors in this area. If there is any doubt, or questions regarding plan selection, sendthe specification/ requirements to the factory for review. The factory will provide any comments,limitations, and pricing that is required.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 5

API PLAN 11 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (Note #1)ANSI PLAN 7311 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 11 (ANSI Plan 7311) systems include piping (ortubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection throughan orifice to the seal flush connection on the pumpbackhead or seal gland. These plans include all piping,tubing, and the orifice. Refer to Note #B for additionalpump drilling.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem DescriptionDescription Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceAASteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 800º F. $ 413AB Steel Threaded Pipe and Fittings 2, 5, 8 500psi 800º F. $ 627AC316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andTube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 850º F. $ 483AD All 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings 2, 5, 8, 500psi 850º F. $1,496SYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceAESocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors1, 4, 7, 19 500psi 300º F. $ 890AF Socket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings 1, 6, 8 500psi 800º F. $1,124AGSocket Welded 316SS Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 300º F. $ 982AH All Socket Welded 316SS Pipe and Pipe Fittings 2, 5, 8 500psi 850º F. $1,577General Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plansmay not comply with later editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections ifrequired. For clamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression typestainless steel tube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 7

API PLAN 12 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (General Note #A)ANSI PLAN 7312 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 12 (ANSI Plan 7312) systems include piping (ortubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection througha Y-strainer, and orifice to the seal flush connection on thepump backhead or seal gland. These plans include allpiping, tubing, and the orifice. Refer to Note #B foradditional pump drilling.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem DescriptionDescription Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceBASteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andTube Connectors and Y-Strainer2, 3, 7, 9, 19 500psi 800º F. $ 638BB Steel Threaded Pipe and Fittings 2, 5, 8, 9 500psi 800º F. $1,123BC316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andTube Connectors and Y-Strainer2, 3, 7, 9, 19 500psi 850º F. $ 939BD All 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Y-Strainer 2, 5, 8, 9 500psi 850º F. $1,736SYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceBESocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors and Y-Strainer1, 4, 7, 10, 19 500psi 300º F. $1,298BF Socket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings and Y-Strainer 1, 6, 8, 10 500psi 800º F. $1,602BGSocket Welded 316SS Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors and Y-Strainer2, 3, 7, 9, 19 500psi 300º F. $1,270BHAll Socket Welded 316SS Pipe and Pipe Fittings andY-Strainer2, 5, 8, 9 500psi 850º F. $1,817General Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plansmay not comply with later editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections ifrequired. For clamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression type stainless steeltube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.7. Stainless steel orifice plate in tube connector.8. Stainless steel orifice plate in pipe union.9. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and 1/4" NPT (plugged) blow-off connection.10. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and bolted cap without blow-off connection.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 8

API PLAN 21 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (General Note #A)ANSI PLAN 7321 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSWHEN SPECIFIEDPlan Description:API Plan 21 (ANSI Plan 7321) systems include piping (ortubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection throughthe heat exchanger to the seal flush connection on thepump backhead or seal gland. These plans include allpiping, tubing, heat exchanger, and the orifice. The heatexchanger includes a steel shell and 316SS tubing. Ref.Note #B.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSMAWP 500psi @System Description Special Notes 300º F 650º F 750º FCACBCCCDSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andAll 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger2, 3, 7, 11, 13,2, 5, 8, 11, 13,2, 3, 7, 11, 13,2, 5, 8, 11, 13,Heat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing)(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing)Heat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing)(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing)19, 212119, 2121$3,301$3,663$5,016$5,229$3,301$3,663.$5,489$5,701$4,864$5,227$6,700$6,913ADD Temperature Indicator 13 C/F C/F C/FSYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes 300º FMAWP 500psi @650º F 750º FCESocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger 1, 6, 8, 11, 12,(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) 14, 21$4,286 $4,286 $5,849CFAll 316SS 316SS Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger 2, 5, 8, 11, 13, C/F C/F C/F(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) 21ADD Temperature Indicator with Thermowell 14 C/F C/F C/FGeneral Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plans may not comply withlater editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections if required. Forclamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression type stainless steeltube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.7. Stainless steel orifice plate in tube connector.8. Stainless steel orifice plate in pipe union.11. Heat exchanger has 1/4" diameter, 18 gauge, stainless steel tubes good for the maximum operating temperature and pressure of the pump.12. Heat exchanger connections are threaded and are not backwelded to allow replacement of the tube coil.13. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into pipe TEE and is furnished only when specified.14. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into a thermometer socket which is welded into pipe TEE and is furnished onlywhen specified.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 9

API PLAN 22 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (General Note #A)ANSI PLAN 7322 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSWHEN SPECIFIEDPlan Description:API Plan 22 (ANSI Plan 7322) systems include piping (ortubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection througha Y-strainer, through the heat exchanger to the seal flushconnection on the pump backhead or seal gland. Theseplans include all piping, tubing, heat exchanger, and theorifice. The heat exchanger includes a steel shell and316SS tubing. Ref. Note #19.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSMAWP 500psi @System Description Special Notes 300º F 650º F 750º FDADBDCDDSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andAll 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger2, 3, 7, 9, 11, 13,2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13,2, 3, 7, 9, 11, 13,2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13,Heat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-StrainerHeat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer19, 212119, 2121$3,549$3,912$5,454$5,460$3,549$3,912$5,928$5,955$5,112$5,475$7,138$7,145ADD Temperature Indicator with Thermowell 14 C/F C/F C/FSYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSMAWP 500psi @System Description Special Notes 300º F 650º F 750º FDEDFSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings and Heat ExchangerAll 316SS 316SS Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger1, 6, 8, 10, 11,2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13,(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer12, 14, 2121$4,534C/F$4,534C/F$6,097C/FADD Temperature Indicator with Thermowell 14 C/F C/F C/FGeneral Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plans may not comply withlater editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections if required. Forclamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression type stainless steeltube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.7. Stainless steel orifice plate in tube connector.8. Stainless steel orifice plate in pipe union.9. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and 1/4" NPT (plugged) blow-off connection.10. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and bolted cap without blow-off connection.11. Heat exchanger has 1/4" diameter, 18 gauge, stainless steel tubes good for the maximum operating temperature and pressure of the pump.12. Heat exchanger connections are threaded and are not backwelded to allow replacement of the tube coil.13. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into pipe TEE and is furnished only when specified.14. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into a thermometer socket which is welded into pipe TEE and is furnished onlywhen specified.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.21. Heat exchanger size may vary from standard offering due to service conditions of liquid being pumped.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 10

API PLAN 23 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (General Note #A)ANSI PLAN 7323 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSWHEN SPECIFIEDPlan Description:API Plan 23 (ANSI Plan 7323) systems include piping (ortubing) from the seal flush connection on the backhead orseal gland, through the heat exchanger, and back to theseal gland. These plans include all piping, tubing, heatexchanger, and the orifice. The heat exchanger includes asteel shell and 316SS tuning. Ref. Note #B. – Similar toPlan 21 (7321) with addition of Pumping Ring in sealchamber and may require additional pump changes.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSMAWP 500psi @System Description Special Notes 300º F 650º F 750º FEASteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and 2, 3, 11, 13, 19,Heat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer 21C/F C/F C/FEBSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer2, 5, 11, 13, 21 C/F C/F C/FEC316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and 2, 3, 11, 13, 19,Heat Exchanger (Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer 21C/F C/F C/FEDAll 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer2, 5, 11, 13, 21 C/F C/F C/FADD Temperature Indicator 13 C/F C/F C/FSYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSMAWP 500psi @System Description Special Notes 300º F 650º F 750º FSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings and Heat Exchanger 1, 6, 11, 12, 14,EEC/F C/F C/F(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-Strainer 21All 316SS 316SS Pipe and Fittings and Heat ExchangerC/FEF2, 5, 11, 13, 21 C/FC/F(Steel Sheel & 316SS Tubing) and Y-StrainerADD Temperature Indicator with Thermowell 14 C/F C/F C/FGeneral Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plans may not comply withlater editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections if required. Forclamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.11. Heat exchanger has 1/4" diameter, 18 gauge, stainless steel tubes good for the maximum operating temperature and pressure of the pump.13. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into pipe TEE and is furnished only when specified.14. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into a thermometer socket which is welded into pipe TEE and is furnished onlywhen specified.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.21. Heat exchanger size may vary from standard offering due to service conditions of liquid being pumped.All Requests for Plan 23/73223 Must Be Made to the Application EngineersEffective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 11

API PLAN 31 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (Note #1)ANSI PLAN 7331 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 31 (ANSI Plan 7331) systems include piping (ortubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection througha cyclone separator to the seal flush connection on thepump backhead or seal gland and fluid with solids back topump suction gauge connection. These plans include allpiping, tubing, and the cyclone separator. Refer to Note #Band #C for preparation. See note #D for performance.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem DescriptionDescription Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceFASteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andTube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 800º F. C/FFB Steel Threaded Pipe and Fittings 2, 5, 8 500psi 800º F. C/FFC316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing andTube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 850º F. C/FFD All 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings 2, 5, 8, 500psi 850º F. C/FSYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceFESocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors1, 4, 7, 19 500psi 300º F. C/FFF Socket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings 1, 6, 8 500psi 800º F. C/FFGSocket Welded 316SS Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubingand Tube Connectors2, 3, 7, 19 500psi 300º F. C/FFH All Socket Welded 316SS Pipe and Pipe Fittings 2, 5, 8 500psi 850º F. $4,518General Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plansmay not comply with later editions or specific customer requirements.B. All items contain steel or stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present. Consult factory forspecial pricing.C. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connectionsif required.For clamped seat applications, consult factory.D. This plan may cause flow disruption in the suction and will decrease total head and efficiency and increase NPSHR.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression typestainless steel tube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 12

API PLAN 32 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (Note #1)ANSI PLAN 7332 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 32 (ANSI Plan 7332) systems provide injection tothe seal from an external clean source provided by thecustomer. These plans include all piping, tubing, Y-strainer,pressure gauge, temperature indicator, and flow regulatingvalve. Refer to Note #A and #B for preparation.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceGAGBGCGDSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeConnectors with Y-Strainer, Pressure Gauge, Temperature Gauge,and Flow Regulating ValveSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with Y-Strainer, Pressure Gauge,Temperature Indicator, and Flow Regulating Valve316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeConnectors with Y-Strainer, Pressure Gauge, TemperatureIndicator, and Flow Regulating ValveAll 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with Y-Strainer, Pressure,Gauge, Temperature Indicator, and Flow Regulating Valve2, 3, 9,13,19,252, 5, 9, 13, 252, 3, 9,13,19,25800º F.850º F.2, 5, 9, 13, 25 500psi 850º F.SYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceGEGFGGSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and1, 4, 10, 14, 18,Tube Connectors with Y-Strainer, Pressure Gauge, Temperature19,25Indicator, and Flow Regulating ValveSocket Welded 316SS Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and2, 3, 9, 13,Tube Connectors with Y-Strainer, Pressure Gauge, Temperature19, 25Indicator, and Flow Regulating ValveSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with Y-Strainer, Pressure 1, 6, 10, 14,Gauge, Temperature Indicator, and Flow Regulating Valve18, 25500psi500psi500psi300º F.800º F.300º F.$2,088$2,381$2,785GHAll Socket Welded 316SS Pipe and Pipe Fittings with Y-Strainer,Pressure Gauge, Temperature Indicator, and Flow Regulating Valve2, 5, 9, 13, 25 500psi 850º F. $3,151500psi500psi 800º F.500psi$1,521$1,664$2,221$2,614General Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plans may not comply withlater editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections if required. Forclamped seat applications, consult factory.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression type stainless steeltube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.9. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and 1/4" NPT (plugged) blow-off connection.10. Y-strainer has stainless steel screen and bolted cap without blow-off connection.13. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into pipe TEE and is furnished only when specified.14. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into a thermometer socket which is welded into pipe TEE and is furnished onlywhen specified.18. Pressure gauge connection is threaded and not backwelded.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.25. For stuffing box pressures greater than 50psi, consult factory for proper application.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 13

API PLAN 41 - FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (Note #1)ANSI PLAN 7341 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSWHEN SPECIFIEDPlan Description:API Plan 41 (ANSI Plan 7341) systems include piping(tubing) from the pump discharge gauge connection,through a cyclone separator and heat exchanger to the sealflush connection on the pump backhead or gland and fluidwith solids back to the pump suction gauge connection.Plan includes piping, tubing, cyclone separator andheat exchanger.SYSTEMS FOR NON-TOXIC AND NON-FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceHAHBHCHDSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeSteel Threaded Pipe and Fittings, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeAll 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone2, 3, 11, 13, 15,2, 5, 11, 13, 15,2, 3, 11, 13, 15,2, 5, 11, 13, 15,Connectors, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone SeparatorSeparatorConnectors, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone SeparatorSeparator17, 19, 2117, 2117, 19, 2117, 21500psi500psi500psi500psi800º F.800º F.850º F.850º F.C/FC/FC/FC/FSYSTEMS FOR TOXIC AND/OR FLAMMABLE APPLICATIONSSystem Description Special Notes Max. Press. Max. Temp. List PriceHEHFHGHHSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeSocket Welded Steel Pipe and Fittings, Heat Exchanger, and CycloneSocket Welded 316SS Pipe and Fittings with 316SS Tubing and TubeAll Socket Welded 316SS Pipe and Pipe Fittings, Heat Exchanger,1, 4, 11, 12, 14,1, 6, 11, 12, 14,2, 3, 11, 13, 15,2, 5, 11, 13, 15,Connectors, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone SeparatorSeparatorConnectors, Heat Exchanger, and Cyclone Separatorand Cyclone Separator15,16, 17, 19, 2115, 16, 17, 2117, 19, 2117, 21500psi500psi500psi500psi300º F.800º F.300º F.850º F.C/FC/FC/FC/FGeneral Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plans may not comply withlater editions or specific customer requirements.B. All items contain steel or stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present. Consult factory for special pricing.C. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections if required.For clamped seat applications, consult factory.D. This plan may cause flow disruption in the suction and will decrease total head and efficiency and increase NPSHR.Special Application Notes:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression type stainless steeltube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.11. Heat exchanger has 1/4" diameter, 18 gauge, stainless steel tubes good for the maximum operating temperature and pressure of the pump.12. Heat exchanger connections are threaded and are not backwelded to allow replacement of the tube coil.13. Dial thermometer is 3" diameter, bi-metal, and screwed into pipe TEE and is furnished only when specified.15. The cyclone separator is stainless steel with threaded connections.16. The cyclone separator connections are not backwelded.17. Piping from the cyclone separator to the suction line must be furnished by the customer since connection into the suction nozzle of the pumpis not available.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.21. Heat exchanger size may vary from standard offering due to service conditions of liquid being pumped.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 14

ANSI PLAN 7352/7353 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:ANSI Plan 7353 systems use apressurized external fluid reservoir withforced circulation. Reservoir tank, piping,and tubing supplied.ANSI PLAN 7353 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPS CST 316SSJK Use Same Pricing as Plan 7352 and DEDUCT Orifice Union -$82.00 -$157.00General Notes:A. Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) - Schedule 10: CST - 450psig @ 550º F; 316SS - 400psig @ 100º FB. Maximum continuous temperature exposure to electrical components is 250º F. For higher temperature switches, consultthe factory with requirements.C. Plan 7352 is normally used with Tandem mechanical seals. Plan 7353 is normally used with Double mechanical seals.Special Application Notes for All 7352 and 7353 Flush Plans:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compression typestainless steel tube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 16

API PLAN 52/53 – FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 52 systems use anon-pressurized external fluid reservoirwith forced circulation. Reservoir tank,piping, and tubing supplied.Item Description - Mandatory Items Size/ Type CST 304SS 316SSSchedule 40 Reservoir with 1/2" NPT Vent and Drain Valves, Welded 2 Gallon $4,286 $7,874 $8,222KAPad Level Gauge, 4-1/2" Pressure Gauge, Multiport Block/ Bleed3 Gallon $4,445 $8,054 $8,422Valve, Orifice Union, 1/2" 316SS Coil with Steel Stand for Mounting 4 Gallon C/F C/F C/Fof Flush Plan or Mounting on Pump Baseplate 5 Gallon C/F C/F C/FKBVent and Drain Gate Valves - Anvil Class 800 or Equivalent perINCLUDEDANSI B16.11 or ANSI B16.5KC Pressure Gauge - Ashcroft Type 1279 or Equivalent INCLUDEDKD Block/ Bleed Valve - Precision General Screw Products or Equiv. INCLUDEDOPTIONAL ITEMSKE Welded Pad Level Gauge with Isolation Valve $ 916 C/F C/FKF Socket Weld Fittings Where Available$ 612 $ 144 $1,069KG Flanged and Socket Weld Fittings Where Available$2,135 $1,201 $3,659KHKIKKPressure Switch - U.E. Electromechanical Products - NEMA 7/9Level Switches - (High or Low) - Ultrasonic - NEMA 7/9 Enclosure,Mounting of Flush PlanSPDTSPDTOn Separate Stand$1,830$1,830NO CHARGEEnclosure, Explosion Proof, Class 1, Group C & D, Division 1Explosion Proof, Class 1, Group C & D, Division 1DPDTDPDTOn Pump Baseplate$1,830$2,288NO CHARGETesting 150psi Air Check NO CHARGEKL1-1/2X MAWP Non-Witness$ 4591-1/2X MAWP Witness$1,069SEE NEXT PAGE FOR PLAN 53 AND NOTES.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 17

API PLAN 52/53 – FLUSH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 53 systems use apressurized external fluid reservoir withforced circulation. Reservoir tank, piping,and tubing supplied.API PLAN 53 – FLUSH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPS CST 304SS 316SSKM Use Same Pricing as Plan 52 and DEDUCT Orifice Union -$94.00 -$160.00 -$160.00General Notes:A. Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) – Schedule 40: CST - 970psig to 625º F; 304SS - 750psig to 300º F;316SS - 825psig to 300º FB. Maximum continuous temperature exposure to electrical components is 250º F. For higher temperature switches, consultthe factory with requirements.C. Plan 52 is normally used with Tandem mechanical seals. Plan 53 is normally used with Double mechanical seals.Special Application Notes for All 52 and 53 Flush Plans:1. Pipe connections at the pump are threaded and are not backwelded.2. All pipe joints are threaded.3. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing, and compression type stainless steel tube connectors.4. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, stainless steel tubing and compressiontypestainless steel tube connectors with threaded pipe connections that are not backwelded.5. Pipe nipples, threaded pipe fittings, and threaded pipe unions.6. Pipe, pipe nipples, socket weld pipe fittings, backwelded threaded pipe fittings, socket weld pipe unions.18. Pressure gauge connection is threaded and not backwelded.19. This loop has stainless steel tubing and should not be used where chlorides are present.22. Barrier fluid reservoir is steel construction with 1-1/2 gallon capacity.23. Barrier fluid reservoir is stainless steel construction with 1-1/2 gallon capacity.24. Barrier fluid reservoir connections are threaded and are not backwelded.25. For stuffing box pressures greater than 50psi, consult factory for proper application.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 18

API PLAN 62 – QUENCH PLAN FOR PROCESS PUMPS (Note #1)ANSI PLAN 7362 – QUENCH PLAN FOR CHEMICAL PUMPSPlan Description:API Plan 62 (ANSI Plan 7362) systems includepiping (tubing) with check valve and blockvalve for external connection to the quenchconnection of the seal gland. Customersupplies steam, gas, water, etc. to quench. Thegland offering must include a quench featureand taps to connect the feature.System Description List PriceLA Steel Threaded Pipe and Fittings $ 984LB 316SS Threaded Pipe and Fittings $2,285General Notes:A. ALL PUMPS - The plans are similar to but may not comply with API610, 5 th Ed. Review customer requirements as plansmay not comply with later editions or specific customer requirements.B. ALL PUMPS - Flush plans require one or more pump taps. Add the price of the discharge and suction gauge connections ifrequired. For clamped seat applications, consult factory.Effective: FEBRUARY 2011 • Replaces: NEWPage 19

API Plan 11 recirculates flow from a high‐pressure section of the pump, typically the discharge piping, through a flow control orifice to the seal. Plan 11 is the default flush plan for most pumps.

See page 11 of the Mechanical Seal Support Systems Application Guide for additional details and ordering information. Contact your authorized Swagelok sales and service center for information on optional components.

In Section 10.3.3, API 682 4th Edition requires that pressure casing components be tested hydrostatically with liquid at a minimum of 1.5 times the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) of the pump casing but not less than 20 psig.  Adjustments must be made based on the allowable working stress of the material based on operating temperature.  The hydrostatic test duration is 30 minutes without leaking.

Apparently, in the future, the hydrostatic test pressure ratio will be changed from 1.5 to 1.3 according to the ASME Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII.  This will be applied to both pumps and piping.  The same multiplier will probably be used for API 682 reservoirs such as are used with Piping Plan 52 and 53.  The pertinent 4th Edition clauses for reservoirs now read:

Pipe based reservoirs for API 682 sealing systems must be built entirely of piping components and ASME B31.3, “Process Piping”, (ISO 15649) is the governing standard.

It should be noted that the mechanical seal is not considered to be part of the pump pressure vessel and therefore does not fall under pressure vessel rules.  Seal manufacturers have several pressure ratings for their products.  API 682 recognizes a static pressure rating, a dynamic pressure rating and a hydrostatic pressure test rating.

The American Petroleum Institute standard for mechanical seals, API 682, includes a test of the final cartridge assembly using pressurized air. The purpose of this test is to prove that the cartridge has been assembled properly; however, the test, variously called the “air test” or “integrity test” is widely misunderstood.

In accordance with API 682, “Pumps—Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps”, seal cartridge assemblies are to be tested using pressurized air prior to shipment to insure that the cartridge has been properly assembled. This Integrity Test has been in place since the first edition of API 682 was published in 1992.

The API Integrity Test has proved to be one of the major benefits of API 682 by virtue of contributing measurably to a decrease in startup problems. In fact, it has been so beneficial that many OEMs and End Users now do the API 682 Integrity Test on all cartridge seals regardless of whether that cartridge is “per API” or not.

The test and procedure that API 682, 1st Edition adopted was a Chevron test and was recommended to Chevron by BWIP (now Flowserve). The procedure had been in use for about three years by Chevron when it was adopted by API 682.  In any case, the procedure was in the first draft of API 682 (June, 1992) in pretty much the same form, pressure, time, volume, etc. as currently exists.

About the same time (early 1990s), Roger Jones had a pump and seal air test rig built at the Shell Deer Park Refinery in Texas.  Roger tested five pumps with seals at 50 psig air pressure. After bubble testing (no bubbles allowed) the various pump and adapter joints, the air supply was blocked in and the time recorded for the pressure to fall by 1 psi.  Roger then took the volume of the seal test rig and proportioned the results to get an acceptable leakage rate for a 1 cubic foot volume during a five minute test period. His work essentially confirmed the usefulness of the proposed API 682 method.

In 1990, John Crane had developed an air test procedure for cartridge seals being supplied to major pump OEMs. That test proved tremendously valuable as a QC tool.  John Crane provided the details of that test procedure to the 1st Edition Task Force and recommended it as the Integrity Test.  The Crane test was very simple:  hold 50 psig for 30 seconds without loss of 2 psi; no additional system volume was to be used.  That is, the test volume consisted of the volume of the cartridge seal plus a bit of tubing.  Over a two year period, not even one cartridge that had passed the JC test was returned as a leaker traceable to assembly.  The vast majority of seals that did fail the initial JC test were reported to have had either cut O-rings or scratched faces.  The JC test was not adopted by API – mostly because the task force members did not like the 30 second duration although some did not think that 50 psig air pressure was safe and some did not have 50 psi air systems.

After the API 682 Integrity Test was finalized, John Crane double tested seals assembled in their repair facilities for a month using the then existing JC test and the new API test. Every cartridge that passed one test also passed the other and vice versa.

With the acquisitions of Flexibox and Sealol, John Crane suddenly had at least four basic models of air test rigs with several variations of each basic model. Many of the test rigs looked like a pot.  All required many adapters.  When testing a single seal, the test volume is essentially that of the pot.  Pot volumes range from about 1/4 cubic foot to 1/2 cubic foot.  It would be difficult to get test rig volumes much less than about 1/8 cubic foot without making special pots, housings, fillers, etc for various seal sizes and arrangements.  When testing dual seals, some rigs added volume to the buffer/barrier chamber but most did not.  Controls and measurements systems range from fully manual to fully automatic using programmable logic and digital output.

The API 682 Integrity Test allows a maximum pressure drop of 0.14 bar (2 psi) over 5 minutes from a maximum 28 liter (1cu ft) reservoir that is pressurized to 1.7 barg (25 psig). Based on the ideal gas laws, this is a leakage rate of 56.9 g/hr of air.  Realistically, this is quite a high leakage rate and, as such, has generated criticism of the Integrity Test.

As strange as it may now seem, during the development of the Integrity Test, there was no attempt to correlate leakage of air to the API 682 Qualification Test or field performance. In fact, the Integrity Test was defined in 1st Edition of API 682 whereas the leakage criterion was not established until 2nd Edition.  Again, the Integrity Test was intended only to test for assembly practices and was based on a successful established program.

For seals within the scope of API 682 to have an air leakage rate of 56.9 g/hr across the seal faces, the face separation would be in the range of 4 to 6 microns (160 to 240 micro-inches). This is quite a large face separation as compared to typical face separations more on the order of a half to one micron (20 to 40 microinches).  Alternatively, a small hole on the order of 0.25mm (0.01 inch) diameter could also produce an air leakage rate of 56.9 g/hr.  (The exact calculated values depend on assumptions and coefficients used.)

Whether the air leakage occurs through the seal faces or through a small hole, the corresponding calculated liquid leakage rates would also be very high.

Although most seals will seal both air and liquids effectively at low pressures, all do not. For example seals designed for high pressures with low balance ratios might seal liquids satisfactorily but leak air.  Seals with special face finishes (such as matte finish) will allow more air leakage than will seals with polished faces.  Non-contacting seals definitely leak more than contacting seals.

It is important to understand that the API 682 Integrity Test is to be done with the seal faces “dry”. At the same time, it is well known that a bit of oil on the seal faces dramatically reduces the air leakage rate during the integrity test – sometimes to essentially zero or “bubble free” leakage.

The empty volume of a large (Size 10) pump seal chamber is between 2 and 3 liters depending on the depth.  The pump shaft displaces a liter or so.  Therefore, a requirement for less than 2 or 3 liters of air test volume is likely to be somewhat difficult to obtain unless the test chamber is closely matched to the seal size. This means that many test chambers would be required.

On the other hand, the estimated test volumes of dual seal chambers are on the order of 15 to 30 inch^3 (250 – 500 cc).  Therefore, test times for dual seal chambers could potentially be reduced.

In spite of the benefits of the Integrity Test, there are times when a seal cartridge passes the Integrity Test but leaks more than expected in the field. How can this happen?

To prevent distortion, API 682 gland plates are required to have metal-to-metal contact with the face of the seal chamber. This contact is required to be both inside and outside the bolt circle.  However, many older pumps are not designed to provide such support and permit gland plate distortion to occur as the bolt are tightened.

The Integrity Test has proved to be one of the major benefits of API 682 by virtue of contributing measurably to a decrease in startup problems. This test has been in place since the 1st Edition of API 682 was published in 1992. Current requirements are described in Section 10.3.4 of API 682 4th Edition.

The Integrity Test of 4th Edition does not differentiate by face technology, size, proportions, arrangement, materials, lapping technology, etc., etc.  The same test is used for all seal designs.  If the existing simple Integrity Test is changed then it is likely that seal design parameters will have to be considered as part of the test procedures and pass/fail criteria.