american auger mud pump quotation

Mud motors offer the proven way to get acceptable penetration rates when drilling in hard formations and rock. The mud pump has to supply the mud motor, but also has to flush the cuttings to the surface for disposal. The table below shows typical flow rates for popular size mud motors. Be sure to allow enough extra mud flow to flood the bore. American Auger’s mud pumps can be used with any brand or size of a directional drill.

Mud motors offer the proven way to get acceptable penetration rates when drilling in hard formations and rock. The mud pump has to supply the mud motor, but also has to flush the cuttings to the surface for disposal. The table below shows typical flow rates for popular size mud motors. Be sure to allow enough extra mud flow to flood the bore. American Auger’s mud pumps can be used with any brand or size of the directional drill.

ForwardForwardDD-6 Operators ManualIntroductionINTRODUCTIONSince 1970, American Augers has been adevoted manufacturer of trenchless technologyequipment; customers worldwide will recognizethe DD-6 as a premier piece of directional drillingequipment. American Augers always providesits equipment with worldwide technicalsupport, parts, and service. American Augersencourages customers to contact the factorywith any operational or assistance needs.Every effort has been made to adequately coverthe operation of the DD-6 in this manual.Specifications are subject to change withoutnotice or obligation. American Augers will continueto update its product manuals with currentoperational information, but some units may beretrofitted independently by the customer or bythe manufacturer per a customer request at thefactory, or while in service, and the informationherein may not reflect those changes.The materials may not be reproduced inwhole or in part without the express written permissionof American Augers, Inc.Manual Part Number DD610000Released September 2008 Revision 01Page 2Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualForwardTo The OwnerTo The OwnerThank you for your purchase of the American Augers DD-6 Directional Drill. This is an authorized accessoryfor use with our directional drilling equipment.This manual contains important information that will help you and your crew set up and safely operatethe DD-6 Directional Drill. DO NOT operate or permit anyone to operate or service this machine until youhave read this Manual. Use only trained operators who have demonstrated the ability to operate and servicethis machine correctly and safely.DO NOT use this machine for any application or purpose other than those described in this Manual.Consult the American Augers factory for changes, additions, or modifications that may be required for thismachine to comply with various safety requirements. Unauthorized modifications could cause serious injuryor death. Anyone making such unauthorized modifications is responsible for the consequences.Make sure this Manual is complete and in good condition. Contact the American Augers factory toobtain additional manuals and for further information about or assistance with your machine. Your AmericanAugers factory has approved service parts and technicians with special training that know the best methodsof repair and maintenance for your machine.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 7

ForwardDD-6 Operators ManualNOTICEBefore using this manual, familiarize yourself withthe DD-6 Components (page 13).American Augers encourages useof the One-Call system.NOTICEDirectional drills have a number of hazardsunique to their operation. A series of safety alertdecals are provided on American Augers’ DD-6to alert the operator to hazards of the machine.The Safety Section explains the hazard alertsigns.PERFORMANCEActual machine, accessory, and component performance, capacity, and results can be adverselyaffected by or vary with such factors as environmental conditions, weather, failing to exerciseproper maintenance, machine functionality not being utilized within suggested operatinglevels, mechanical or component substitutions that may alter factory standards, operatorexperience, or other unforeseen limitations not previously listed.Page 8Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualTable of ContentsDrilling Operations ........................................................................... 45Position of the Operator............................................................................................. 45Starting the Engine .................................................................................................... 45Movement of the Machine ......................................................................................... 45Positioning the Thrust Frame .................................................................................... 46Placing the Tie Down Augers .................................................................................... 47Positioning the Stabilizers ......................................................................................... 49Drilling Process.......................................................................................................... 49Operation of the Crane .............................................................................................. 56Operation of the Pipe Loader .................................................................................... 57Calculating Rotary Torque Force............................................................................... 60Limiting Rotary Torque .............................................................................................. 60Calculating Thrust and Pullback Force...................................................................... 61Limiting Thrust and Pullback Force ........................................................................... 61Start of the Drilling Operation .................................................................................... 62End of Drilling Operations.......................................................................................... 64Start of the Pullback Operations................................................................................ 64End of Pullback Operations ....................................................................................... 65Switching Off the Engine ........................................................................................... 66Emergency Stop ........................................................................................................ 66Start After an Emergency Stop.................................................................................. 66Checks During Operation .......................................................................................... 66Operation Under Cold Temperatures ........................................................................ 69Storage and Transportation.............................................................. 71Minimum Storage Space Requirement...................................................................... 71Storage Site Environment and Conditions................................................................. 71Procedure for Storage ............................................................................................... 71Transportation Responsibility .................................................................................... 72Preliminary Operations for Loading the Machine for Transportation ......................... 72Loading the Machine for Transportation.................................................................... 72Unloading Operations................................................................................................ 73Lifting the Machine .................................................................................................... 74General Maintenance ....................................................................... 75Maintenance Precautions .......................................................................................... 75Qualifications of the Technician................................................................................. 75Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 11

Table of ContentsDD-6 Operators ManualFrequency of Inspections ...........................................................................................75Welding ......................................................................................................................75Approved Replacement Fluids ...................................................................................76Scheduled Maintenance....................................................................77Maintenance Schedule...............................................................................................7710 Hour Inpection and Maintenance ..........................................................................7850 Hour Inspection and Maintenance.........................................................................83250 Hour Inspection and Maintenance.......................................................................84500 Hour Inspection and Maintenance.......................................................................861000 Hour Inspection and Maintenance.....................................................................87Specifications.....................................................................................89Machine Dimensions..................................................................................................89Machine Weight .........................................................................................................89Power Train................................................................................................................89Carriage .....................................................................................................................89Wrench.......................................................................................................................89Rotary Drive ...............................................................................................................90Drilling Fluid Pump .....................................................................................................90Working Range ..........................................................................................................90Crane .........................................................................................................................90Pipe Loader................................................................................................................90Drill Pipe.....................................................................................................................90Drill Rig Mounting.......................................................................................................90Auger Stake Down System ........................................................................................91Safety .........................................................................................................................91Limited Warranty ..............................................................................93Page 12Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOverviewOverviewOverviewDD-6 ComponentsLeftRearFrontRightBreakoutWrenchWrenchAuger Tie Down SystemThrust FrameCarriageCraneUndercarriageMud PumpRear Thrust StabilizerRefer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 13

OverviewDD-6 Operators ManualGeneral InformationGeneral InformationOperation and Maintenance ManualTITLE: DD-6 Operation & Safety Instruction ManualEDITION: 2008Part Number: DD610000OperatorThe operator must read and follow the manual.Ownership Of InformationAmerican Augers, Inc. reserves all rights to the information in this manual.The manual cannot be reproduced or photocopied in part or in whole without previous written authorizationfrom American Augers, Inc. The use of the manual is restricted to the customer who received it and onlyfor purposes of installation, use, and maintenance of the relevant machine. American Augers declares thatthe information contained in this manual fits the technical and safety specifications of the machine. AmericanAugers disclaims responsibility for direct or indirect damages to persons or property caused when the manualor the machine are used in violation of the information contained herein.The information contained in this manual refers only to the machine listed in the “Machine IdentificationData” below. American Augers reserves the right to modify or improve the manual and the machines withoutnotice.Manufacturer Identification DataAMERICAN AUGERS, INC.135 U.S. Rt. 42, P.O. Box 814West Salem, Ohio 44287 USATel. 419-869-7107 • Fax 419-869-7425Web Site: www.americanaugers.comMachine Identification DataType:Model:Serial number:Year of manufacture:Directional DrillDD-6Found on identification plate.Incorporated as part of the serial number.Location of identification plates: See illustrations on pages 3 through 4.Qualification of PersonnelOnly skilled and authorized personnel should be permitted to transport, use and maintain the machine.These personnel must have studied and must understand the advice and instructions in this manual.NOTICEAmerican Augers disclaims any responsibility for damages to persons or propertycaused by the operation of the machine by untrained personnel.Page 14Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOverviewGeneral InformationDeclaration of CE ConformityIf required, the declaration of CE conformity is issued at consignment of the machine together with themanual. CE conformity is not required in North America.Use of Personal Protective EquipmentWARNINGIf personal protective equipment is not used, serious injury or death of personnelcan occur.The operator and all other personnel on the worksite should use proper protective equipment accordingto their duties.Legal DisclaimerNOTICEAmerican Augers disclaims any responsibility for damages to persons or propertycaused by the operation of the machine in violation of the instructions contained inthis manual.Purpose of MachineThe directional drill is designed for the production of a bore under the earth with a system more efficientthan conventional excavating.The main tool is the cutting head; it may be equipped with a blade or with hard metal teeth and is able toremove soil. The result is a bore with circular section ready for positioning pipe or cable, without the need forback filling and compacting.The cutting head is advanced by connecting it to sections of drill pipe which are added by the operationof the directional drill. In addition, soil is removed and the bore is lubricated by use of a mixture of water, bentonite,and other substances which are forced into the drill pipe by the mud pump.The actual bore dimension cannot be guaranteed for each bore. For example, depending on soil conditionsand the size of the pipe or cable to be installed, it may be necessary to enlarge the bore by pulling areamer through it.Operation in hard rock requires additional special accessories which are not supplied and must beordered separately.Ground LevelingThe machine is able to operate on surfaces with a maximum lateral inclination of 10° and a maximumfrontal inclination of 15°. The machine will climb to a maximum height of 6 inches [150 mm].Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 15

OverviewAmbient ConditionsDD-6 Operators ManualGeneral InformationTemperature limits: 5°F and 105°F [-15°C and +40°C] (with oils and coolants recommended). For temperaturelower than 32°F [0°C], refer to “Operation Under Cold Temperatures”, page 72. For temperaturesnot included in this range, contact American Augers.Relative humidity: 100%Maximum altitude: 6500 feet [2000 m] above sea levelAtmospheric conditions should allow adequate visibility within the operating area.The machine should not be operated when lightning is likely.Features of TransportThe machine should be transported on a flat truck or trailer, in accordance with local transportation lawsin the relevant country. It must be properly secured onto the trailer deck. The thrust frame must be in theretracted position and the front foot must be lowered to the trailer deck. If the pipe loader contains drill pipe,the bottom pipe in each stack must be secured with a pin on both ends. The transverse lock pin must besecured across the top of the fixed pipe basket. For easier loading, it is recommended to remove the additionalpipe basket if it is loaded with pipe. See the “Storage and Transportation” Section.If the drill exceeds overall dimensions allowed, it is necessary to flag it in accordance with local transportationlaws of the countries involved in the transport.Machine Handling ProceduresUseIf you are the owner, operator, or the helper using an American Augers Directional Drill, it is importantthat you recognize that these are powerful pieces of construction equipment. THEY SHOULD BE OPER-ATED WITH RESPECT AND CAUTION. For safety reasons, it is recommended only one person operatesthe controls. Other trained personnel may work near the drill if they are wearing personal protective equipment.MaintenanceDuring maintenance while the machine running, only one qualified technician is allowed to operate thecontrols for safety reasons. For maintenance operations while the machine is turned off, other trained personnelmay also work on it.WarrantyGeneral ConditionsThe warranty is subject to the conditions specified in the warranty certificate. The warranty certificate ison the inside of the last page of this manual. If you have questions on the warranty or about any part of themachine operation, please contact American Augers.Limitations of WarrantyThe warranty for all components purchased by American Augers directly are subject to the original warrantiesof suppliers/manufacturers and, therefore, defects in materials or workmanship are considered validonly if they are recognized by those same suppliers/manufacturers.Page 16Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOverviewGeneral InformationRequest for Service/SupportFor service support in or out of the warranty period, contact American Augers. Provide the model number,the serial number of the machine, and the working hours. The number of working hours is shown on theengine RPM gauge on the engine control panel.Warranty and Service for Diesel EngineThe warranty on the engine is valid worldwide and is supplied by the engine dealer in the area where thedirectional drill is sold. Only diesel engine dealers are authorized to perform repairs under warranty, provideservice, and supply spare parts.Instruction ManualThis manual is part of the safety system of the equipment. Use it during training of all personnel who willparticipate in the operation of the equipment. Ensure that a copy is always available on the jobsite and thatthe operators have read it and have access to it. Carefully follow the instructions, advice, and procedurescontained in this manual.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 17

DD-6 Operators ManualSafetySafety InformationUtility Color CodesKnow the utility color code (U.S.A. and Canada):Electric................................................................ RedGas, Oil or Petroleum......................................... YellowCommunication, Telephone, Television............. OrangeWater.................................................................. BlueSewer.................................................................. Green/BrownSurveying............................................................ PinkReclaimed Water and Slurry............................... PurpleOverhead HazardsOverhead lines must be avoided. Overhead lines are of particular concern during mobilization/demobilization,loading and unloading heavy equipment, and while handling drill pipe. If the voltage is unknown,always maintain at least 20 feet [6 m] of separation between equipment and power lines. If the voltage isknown, OSHA regulations outline the required minimum separation. If necessary, place highly visible markerson either side of the overhead hazard or designate an individual to notify equipment operators as theyapproach.Response to EventsIf an existing utility is struck during the drilling operation, emergency procedures must be initiated toreduce the likelihood of human injury. Procedures to follow in the event of utility strikes are summarizedbelow by type of utility.Electrical StrikeYour DD-6 is equipped with the ZAPALERT® alarm system. If the drill makes contact with a power line,the ZAPALERT® alarm system will sound a loud, audible signal if the machine becomes charged. The alarmwill continue until contact with the electrical line is disconnected. Remain calm and reverse the direction ofadvance in an attempt to break contact with the electrical line. Do not attempt to get off the machine. Do nottouch any part of the machine as it may be highly charged. Alert public safety authorities to secure the areaand contact the electrical utility company immediately. When the proper utility authorities verify that thepower is disconnected and the work area is safe, you may get off the machine.Other workers in the immediate area of the machine should not move. The voltage difference betweenthe equipment and the ground, or between a person’s feet may be sufficient to cause injury or death. Do nottouch the machine, hoses, drill pipe, water system, mud mixing system, or anything connected to the drill asthese items may be highly charged.The ZAPALERT® alarm may be activated if you break a communication line. However, until you aresure, you must consider the alarm to be an electrical strike. Follow the above procedures and wait for verificationfrom the proper utility authorities.Gas StrikeIf a gas line strike occurs, evacuate the area immediately. Shut down all engines. Extinguish all flameand sparks immediately. Do not, under any circumstances, attempt to reverse the bore to break contact asfurther movement may cause a spark. Contact emergency services and the gas utility company immediately.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 21

SafetyFiber Optic StrikeDD-6 Operators ManualSafety InformationIf a fiber-optic strike occurs, stop drilling immediately. Do not look into the cut ends of the cable. This cancause severe eye damage. Contact the utility owner.Communications Line StrikeIf a communications line strike occurs, stop drilling immediately and contact the utility company.Sanitary/Storm Sewer and Water StrikeIf a water or sewer line strike occurs, stop drilling immediately. Warn all bystanders that a strike hasoccurred and that they should stay away. Obtain medical attention for personnel who have come into contactwith sewage. As with any strike, contact the utility owner immediately.ReferencesDirectional Crossing Contractor’s Association (DCCA), 2000. “Horizontal Drilling Safe Operations Guidelines.”Equipment Manufacturers’ Institute, 2000. “Safety Manual: Directional Drilling Tracking Equipment”, and“Safety Video: Safe Operations of Directional Boring Equipment.” Both the manual and video are availablefrom the Association of Equipment Manufacturers, 6737 W. Washington Street, Suite 2400, Milwaukee, WI53214-5647, 866-AEM-0442 or through the association’s website: www.aem.org.Operator—General PrecautionsIt is the responsibility of the operator to read and understand the Operator’s Manual and other informationprovided and use the correct operating procedure. Machines should be operated only by qualified operatorsand trained helpers. Furthermore, it is the operator’s responsibility to:Make sure that all protective guards, doors, etc. are in place and secure.Remove all loose objects stored in or on the machine.Remove all objects which do not belong in or on the machine and its equipment.Point out each of the safety signs on the machine and insure the crew understands the importance ofadhering to each of the safety signs.Know that all underground utilities have been located before the well is started, and avoid them by usingproper drilling techniques.Know and obey all federal, state, and local codes and regulations.Make sure all personnel know and stay in their prescribed areas to insure a safe operation.Walk around the drilling path prior to starting to check for hazardous areas such as ditches and inclines.Make a judgement regarding whether weather, road, or ground conditions will permit safe operation on ahillside, ramp, ditch, or rough ground.Exit Pit ConstructionDrilling operations may require construction of a pit to receive the cutter or mud motor on the exit side ofthe crossing. It is the responsibility of the owner to make a safe pit that is in accordance with the rules setforth in the (OSHA) Code of Federal Regulations 29. You may obtain additional information from yourRegional U.S. Department of Labor Office.Starting and Stopping PrecautionsDo not start the machine until all personnel are clearly away from any rotating or moving parts.Page 22Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

SafetyDD-6 Operators ManualSafety InformationRepair or replace damaged or missing protective guards, doors, etc.Replace all missing, illegible, or damaged safety signs. Keep all safety signs clean.Use a piece of cardboard or wood to check for pressurized leaks to prevent fluid penetrating the skin.Seek medical attention immediately if hydraulic fluid escaping under pressure has penetrated the skin.This is a serious condition which can cause serious injury and possibly death. Prompt medical treatment by aphysician familiar with this injury is essential.Transporting PrecautionsRetract the thrust frame completely before transporting the drill.Dangerous Zones -- Safe DistancesA dangerous zone is any zone inside or near the machine where health, safety, and security risks exist.All personnel on the jobsite should be advised of these zones, the hazards they may encounter, and thesafety precautions which are required or recommended.Hazardous Area: All areas from which a person could handle parts of the machine when it is operating orwhen maintenance is being performed. Wear appropriate protective equipment.Electrically Charged Safe Distance: 25 feet [8 m] from the drill hole. Personnel in this zone during drillingoperations are at risk in the event an electric line is struck. Wear appropriate protective equipment.25 ft [8 m]Ground (earth)Mud Supply HoseGround (earth)Electrical Bonding Cable25 ft [8 m]Mud Return HoseDirectional DrillMud Mixer/CleanerReturn Mud PitMud Supply HoseMud Return HoseNOTICEAmerican Augers disclaims any responsibility for damages to persons or propertycaused by operation in violation of safety advice contained in the manual.Page 24Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualSafetySafety InformationSafety Awareness ProgramUnderstanding Operation Safety:BE AWARE OF SAFETY INFORMATIONThe safety alert symbol is shown below. This symbol is placed in the manual to alert you to the potentialfor bodily injury or death.UNDERSTAND SIGNAL WORDSSignal words are used to identify safety information within the text of this manual, and are used on thehazard alert signs used on the machine.DANGERindicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result indeath or serious personal injury.WARNINGindicates a potential hazard or unsafe situation which, if not avoided, couldresult in death or serious personal injury.CAUTIONindicates a potential hazard or unsafe practice which, if not avoided, may result inminor personal injury, product, or property damage.NOTICESafety Alert DecalsThe following hazard alert signs are placed on the machine to inform your operatorand other personnel of potential hazards that exist while these machines are inoperation. These decals should be kept clean and legible. Replacement decals areavailable from American Augers.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 25

DD-6 Operators ManualSafetySafety Alerts(13) Precautions about not exceeding specifiedtorques(14) Precautions about electrocution hazards(15) Precautions about pipe baskets (16) Precautions about rotating parts and thedrill cutting head(17) Precautions about staying clear of rotatingaugers(18) Precautions about keeping clear of movingpartsRefer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 31

DD-6 Operators ManualSite PreparationsOperationsOperationsThe Operations Chapter presents information on site preparation, the controls, and directional drillingoperations.Site PreparationSafety ZoneMark off a safety zone 25 feet [8 meters] in each direction from the machine and prevent spectators fromentering this zone. See “Dangerous Zones--Safe Distances” for more information.Ground LevelingMake sure the site is level enough so the machine does not exceed the maximum lateral inclination of10° and the maximum frontal inclination of 15°.LightingEnsure there is sufficient light to guarantee good visibility of all the movable parts. It may be necessary toequip the work area with portable lights for night operation.Exit Pit ConstructionDrilling operations may require construction of a pit to receive the cutter or mud motor on the exit side ofthe crossing.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 33

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsControlsControls - Operator’s Seat, Left Panel1MUD FLOW2 3WRENCH CLAMPWRENCH OFF WRENCH FIXEDFIXED CLAMPOFFFIXEDMAKEUPBREAKOUTAUGERAUGERCYLINDERCYLINDEROUTINSTAKEDOWNSTAKEDOWN4 5OUTINPIPEGRIPRACKUPARMARMCAMCAMOUTINOUTINPIPERELEASERACKDOWNPIPE LOADERPIPE LOADER6 71) MUD FLOW (GPM) - Digital display to monitor the mud pump flow rate in Gallons per Minute (GPM).2) WRENCH CLAMP - Move the control forward to the upper left for makeup; Move the control forwardto the upper right for breakout; Move the control directly forward to turn off.3) FIXED CLAMP - Move the control forward to the upper left to release; Move the control forward to theupper right to grip; Move the control directly forward to turn offf.4) STAKEDOWN - Move the control backward to the lower left to rotate auger out; Move the controlbackward to the lower right to rotate auger in.5) STAKEDOWN - Move the control backward to the lower left to move cylinder out/up; Move the controlbackward to the lower right to move cylinder in/down.6) PIPE LOADER - Move the control directly forward to grip pipe; Move the control directly backward torelease pipe; Move the control directly to the right to move the arm in towards the drill; Move the controldirectly to the left to move the arm out towards the loader.7) PIPE LOADER - Move the control directly forward to raise pipe in basket upward; Move the controldirectly backward to lower pipe in basket downward; Move the control directly to the right to cam in towardsthe drill; Move the control directly to the left to cam out towards the loader.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 35

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualControlsControls - Operator’s Seat, Right Panel1ROTARY SPEED (RPM)2ROTARY/CARRIAGECARRIAGETHRUSTROTARYBREAKOUTROTARYMAKEUP4CARRIAGEPULLBACKMUDON/OFFI/OMUD MAX.531) ROTARY SPEED (RPM) - Digital display to monitor the rotary speed at Revolutions per Minute(RPM).2) ROTARY/CARRIAGE - Move the control directly forward to move the carriage forward (Thrust Direction);Move the control directly backward to move the carriage backward (Pullback Direction); Move the controldirectly to the right to rotate the pipe in the makeup (clockwise) direction; Move the control directly to theleft to rotate the pipe in the breakout (counter-clockwise) direction.3) MUD ON/OFF - Push button to turn the proportional mud flow on; Push the button again to turn theproportional mud flow off.4) MUD MAX. - Push and hold the mud flow maximum push button to fill the pipe before drilling; Releasethe button to stop the mud flow or to return to proportional flow.5) MUD FLOW INCREASE/DECREASE - Move the switch directly to the right to increase the mud flow;Move the switch directly to the left to decrease the mud flow.Page 36Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsControlsControl Panel - Operator’s Station14 59 10 11 12 132 36 7 81) ENGINE THROTTLE/ROTATIONAL SPEED (RPM) - Move the control upward to increase the enginespeed; Move the control downward to decrease the engine speed.2) ENGINE START - Key switch that controls engine operation.Turn Left, 45 degrees - ACC position - not usedVertical Position - Engine STOP position - engine is off; key can be removedTurn Right, 45 degrees - Engine RUN position - allows engine to runTurn Hard Right, 90 degrees - Engine START position - starts the engine3) START AID - An engine intake manifold heater based system that is used to ease hard starting in coldweather.Press the switch while the engine start switch is in the crank position.4) ROTARY CHARGE HYDRAULIC FILTER LIGHT - If lit continuously, indicates a need for maintenanceor replacement of the filter.5) ROTARY HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC FILTER LIGHT - If lit continuously, indicates a need formaintenance or replacement of the filter.6) MUD CHARGE HYDRAULIC FILTER LIGHT - If lit continuously, indicates a need for maintenance orreplacement of the filter.7) MUD HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC FILTER LIGHT - If lit continuously, indicates a need for maintenanceor replacement of the filter.8) RETURN FILTER HYDRAULIC FILTER LIGHT - If lit continuously, indicates a need for maintenanceor replacement of the filter.9) FUEL GAUGE - Displays the fuel level in the tank.10) VOLTMETER - Displays the system voltage.11) ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE GAUGE - Displays the engine coolant temperature.12) ENGINE OIL PRESSURE GAUGE - Displays the engine oil pressure.13) ENGINE SPEED (RPM) - Displays engine speed at revolutions per minute (RPM). Also, displaysengine operating time in hours. Use these times to schedule service.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 37

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualControlsControl Panel - Operator’s Station (continued)14 15 16 17 1814) MUD ON INDICATOR LIGHT - If lit, indicates the proportional mud flow push button is pushed on; Ifnot lit, indicates the proportional mud flow push button is pushed off.15) ROTARY SLOW INDICATOR LIGHT - If lit, indicates the rotary switch is set to slow speed.16) ROTARY FAST INDICATOR LIGHT - If lit, indicates the rotary switch is set to fast speed.17) CARRIAGE SLOW INDICATOR LIGHT - If lit, indicates the carriage switch is set to slow speed.18) CARRIAGE FAST INDICATOR LIGHT - If lit, indicates the carriage switch is set to fast speed.Page 38Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsControlsControl Panel - Operator’s Station1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 111) WRENCH/STAKEDOWN MOTOR SELECT - Move the switch upward to the WRENCH position toactivate the clamp and wrench function. Move the switch downward to the STAKEDOWN position to activatethe auger stakedown function.2) STAKEDOWN MOTOR SELECT - Selection switch to operate either the right or left auger stakedownmotor. To select the right motor, move the switch upward. To select the left motor, move the switch downward.3) SETUP/AUX and CRANE SELECT - Move the switch to the center position (CRANE) to activate thecrane circuits. Move the switch upward to the SETUP/AUX position to activate the tramming control.4) LIGHTS - Selection switch to turn work lights on and off.5) ROTARY SPEED SELECT - Move the switch upward for fast speed and downward for slow speed.6) CARRIAGE SPEED SELECT - Move the switch upward for fast speed and downward for slow speed.7) ROTARY BRAKE - Move the switch upward to set the rotary brake and downward to release therotary brake.8) MUD FLOW - Variable control (MAX/MIN/OFF) to set the desired flow of drilling fluid (mud).9) EMERGENCY STOP - The Emergency Stop push button stops the drill and the engine. Push in tostop the drill and the engine. The button must be pulled out to be able to start the engine.10) CARRIAGE PRESSURE - Gauge that indicates the pressure of the carriage hydraulic circuit.11) ROTARY PRESSURE - Gauge that indicates the pressure of the rotary hydraulic circuit.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 39

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling OperationsPlacing the Tie Down AugersDANGERROTATING AUGER - Danger of entanglement. Keep body and clothing away.DANGERMOVING PARTS - Pinch point. Keep body and clothing away.1) Placing the tie down augers requires an additional person. Position the drill over the intended centerline of the bore. Using the two levers in the previous illustration, position the thrust frame to the desiredangle.2) The auger tie down has two movements - rotation and thrust. The levers which activate rotation andthrust also activate the fixed clamp and breakout wrench.3) To select the auger tie down function, move the switch (1) downward to the STAKEDOWN position onthe control panel. Each auger tie down motor operates independently. To select the motor, move the switch(2) upward for the RIGHT motor or downward for the LEFT motor.214) The machine operator stays seated. The second person lifts an auger into the opening in the front footof the machine. The machine operator slowly lowers the auger motorusing the WRENCH CLAMP/STAKE-DOWN lever (3).5) The second person aligns the hex pocket in the auger with the drive hex of the motor. When they arealigned, the second person stands away from the machine while the machine operator connects them withdown pressure using the FIXED CLAMP/STAKEDOWN lever (4).Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 47

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling Operations346) Using the WRENCH CLAMP/STAKEDOWN (3) and FIXED CLAMP/STAKEDOWN (4) leverstogether, the machine operator forces the auger into the ground. It is more effective to use greater downpressure and slow rotation of the auger. If the auger is rotated fast with less down pressure, the auger willbore a hole in the ground and will not anchor the machine.7) When the auger is tight in the soil, raise the motor using the FIXED CLAMP/STAKEDOWN lever (4) inthe CYLINDER OUT position. The second person realigns the auger motor by removing pins in the base ofthe motor support. The remaining augers are installed using this same procedure.Page 48Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling OperationsThere are two categories. The first will be deep crossings (15 feet [4.5 meters] or more). The second categorywill be shallow crossings (15 feet [4.5 meters] or less). In both categories, the basic drilling methodsare the same. The differences are in the manner of guidance and locating the drill string head. Consult themanufacturer of the locating system for exact operating instructions.The directional drill provides the means for rotating, advancing, and retracting the drill string. Dependingon the specific project, a certain drill string diameter is selected. Selection of drill string diameter or capacityis largely dependent on the length of the crossing and the anticipated thrust and pullback required for the finishedproduct line.At the leading end of the drill string, a cutting head is attached (shown below). The cutting head is usuallyequipped with exit holes which direct drilling fluid to the soil formation. While the cutting head is beingrotated into the ground, drilling fluid is pumped through the drill string and passes through the holes in thehead to carry cuttings back to the surface. The drilling fluid is also used as a lubricant to reduce frictionbetween the rotating parts and the ground.Cutting HeadDeep Crossings - SetupA drilled crossing can be set up in several different ways. One method is to drill in a constant arc or semicircle(shown below). The other method would be to enter a hole at a downward angle. The drill string is thendirected into a horizontal position and advanced for the distance required to clear the obstruction. The drillstring would then be directed at an upward angle to the exit point. A crossing is determined by its depth,starting point, and finishing point.Minimum radius is 30.5 mper 2.5 cm of pipe diameterConstant arc boreSteer down-horizontal-steer up boreSteering RadiusPage 50Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling OperationsOnce these criteria are determined, a set back distance is calculated for an entering and exiting point toand from the intended line. A general rule of thumb is that a drill string can bend at the rate of 100 feet ofradius per 1 inch of drilling pipe diameter. (Example: the minimum bend radius of a pipe 3-7/8 inches in diameteris approximately 380 feet). [In the metric system, a drill string can bend at the rate of 30.5 meters ofradius per 2.5 centimeters of drilling pipe diameter. (Example: the minimum bend radius of a pipe 9.85 centimetersin diameter is approximately 120 meters).]Once the project is established and the entering and exiting points are known, the process can begin.The drill rig is set up and the drill thrust frame is set to the required angle. This is usually 5 to 20 degrees,depending on the characteristics of the crossing.The initial pipe section and cutting head are set into the wrench. (Note: While the setup and drilling isproceeding, a second operation should be started to prepare the product line for installation).The first piece of drill pipe is made out of a non-magnetic material to eliminate any interference to thesurvey probe. This first section is set up to mount the cutting head and the survey probe for guidance. Beforethe drilling process begins, a magnetic bearing is selected for the desired direction of travel. The surveyprobe is calibrated to this bearing and installed in the first section.Deep Crossings - Steering SystemSeveral suppliers sell and lease a magnetic survey system which provides information to the drill operatorsuch as drill head rotation, drill head angle, and magnetic bearing. This information is relayed to the operatorby means of a probe installed directly behind the cutting head in the first section of the drill pipe. Thedata is usually transmitted to the surface via a single conductor wire. Most of the units are provided with asurface processor for computing the information.While the hole is being drilled, the drill string is rotated along with the cutting head as a single section.When steering adjustments are required, the drill string is not rotated, however, the cutting head offset isrotated toward the desired direction of travel and the drill string is advanced forward without rotation. Theeccentric location of the cutting head relative to the center line of the drill string creates a wedge-type effectwhen pushed without rotation. This causes the drill string to deflect in the desired direction.The locating probe transmits the orientation of the cutter head relative to the face of a clock (shownbelow). Once the orientation is determined, the driller rotates the drill pipe to the desired location. This is confirmedby the locating instrument. The drill string is then rotated to resume cutting. This process is repeatedas many times as necessary to assure proper location of the cutting head as it progresses along the desiredpath.Deep Crossing - Drilling MethodWhen drilling begins, the drilling fluid (mud) pump is turned on and the cutting head is rotated into theground. As the first section is being buried, the operator monitors the head location and compares the informationto a plotted chart. If there is any deviation from the intended line, the operator makes the steering corrections.Once the first section is buried, the drill section is uncoupled from the drill spindle and another section ofdrill pipe is added. For each section of drill pipe installed, an additional length of connector wire is alsoinstalled, crimped, and insulated to complete the circuit for the survey probe.The sequence continues until the pilot hole is completed. By the time the pilot hole is completed, theproduct line should have been prepared to be pulled back. For pulling back a product line or lines, first thecutting head is removed and a backreamer is installed in its place.DANGERROTATING PIPE - Danger of entanglement. Keep body and clothing away.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 51

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling OperationsDANGERMOVING PARTS - Pinch point. Keep body and clothing away.DANGERA wrench or rotating drill pipe can seriously injure or kill. Do not break out tooljoints with pipe wrenches.A backreamer is a cutting head with its cutters facing the drill string. Its purpose is to clear a path for theproduct line being installed.Barrel ReamerBlade ReamerPullback EyeDuct PullerDrill StringBlade ReamerPullback SwivelProduct LineDirectly behind the backreamer (away from the drill pipe) a bearing swivel is installed. The bearing swivelis to attach to a cap that has been installed on the product line. As the product line is pulled into the hole, thedrill string is rotated and drilling fluid is pumped in to maintain the integrity of the hole.A rule of thumb states that the back ream diameter should be at least 1.5x the diameter of the productline. In cases where the product line or bundle of lines are larger than the pilot hole, an oversized backreamerwill be required. When backreaming for product line installation, a slightly larger hole than the productline is required so that the drilling fluid can remove the cuttings.The amount of overcut is largely dependent upon soil conditions and the type of crossing or obstacle. Incases where the ground conditions are soft and basically unsupporting, use a barrel reamer. This is a toolwith radial or coned-shaped ends, which when pulled and rotated through the ground, compacts the soil inthe hole to maintain its integrity. The bearing swivel is installed behind the barrel reamer.Drilling in hard soil or rock requires a downhole motor (shown in the following illustration). Downholemotors are designed and built in various diameters and torque ratings to accommodate most drilling applications.Downhole motors are used where high cutter bit speed is desired. In most applications, the motors areused in combination with the bent sub for steering purposes.Page 52Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling OperationsThese systems indicate the rotation of the cutting head relative to the face of a clock. Once the positionof the cutting head is known, the machine operator can change direction of the bore (as shown below). Borescan be directed up or down, right or left, as the operator or the project requires.With cutter head positioned as shown, and thrust without rotation, bore moves indirection of arrow. Clock face will be represented on locating receiver.Shallow Crossings - Drilling MethodWhen drilling begins, the drilling fluid (mud) pump is turned on and the cutting head is rotated into theground. After some distance of penetration, the operator locates the head with the radio receiving unit. Ifthere is any deviation from the intended line, the operator makes the steering corrections.Once the first section is buried, the drill section is uncoupled from the drill chuck and another section ofdrill pipe is added. This sequence continues until the pilot hole is completed.By the time the pilot hole is completed, the product line should be ready to be pulled back. For pullingback a product line or lines, first the cutting head is removed and a backreamer is installed in its place. Fromthis point on, the method is the same as described for deep crossings.DANGERROTATING PIPE - Danger of entanglement. Keep body and clothing away.DANGERMOVING PARTS - Pinch point. Keep body and clothing away.DANGERA wrench or rotating drill pipe can seriously injure or kill. Do not break out tooljoints with pipe wrenches.Page 54Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling OperationsApplication of Drilling FluidThe primary functions of drilling fluid (mud) in directional drilling are:1) To reduce torque associated with sticky soil conditions2) To aid in removal of solids from the freshly cut hole by a flushing action3) To help stabilize the soilWater is the major component of drilling fluids used in directional drilling. Materials added to water toproduce a drilling fluid are bentonite and polymer. Factors which are very important to drilling fluid qualityare:1) Water quality2) Formulation of the products and mixing order3) Adequate mixing of the productsDrilling Fluid - ProcessDrilling fluid (mud) consists of water or water with additives. Products such as bentonite and polymer canbe very helpful for directional drilling. Optimum delivery of drilling fluid to soil is critical for minimizing operatingpressures and torque.There are several key factors which must be considered to maximize your production:1) Hole size2) Boring rate3) Fluid injection rateThese three factors can be used to calculate a fluid-to-soil injection rate in volume of fluid to volume ofsoil removed. The amount of fluid required to make the soil flow out the hole is dependent on the type andamount of clays in the soil.Calculation of Volume of Fluid to Volume of SoilThe three pieces of information needed to calculate gallons of fluid to gallons of soil at a given boringrate are:1) Hole volume, per unit of length2) Boring rate, in length/minute3) Pump rate, in volume/minuteFrom this information, the volume can be calculated:Gallons Water----------------------------------------Gallons Soil=Flow Rate,Gal ⁄ Minute---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hole Diameter ( inches 2 )-------------------------------------------------------------------- , Gal ⁄ ft⎝⎛ 24.5⎠⎞ × Bore rate , Ft ⁄ m inUse this formula to calculate a fluid-to-soil injection rate, to make soil fluid enough to flow out of the bore. As muchas two gallons of fluid per gallon of soil could be required to minimize torque. Example: backreaming a 14-inch diameterhole = 8 gallons of soil per foot of bore. Progressing at 0.8 ft/min = 6.4 gallons of soil per minute. Depending on soil typeyou might have to pump 6 gallons of fluid per minute. Therefore, one hundred feet of bore would generate approximately800 gallons of soil plus an additional 800 gallons of flluid or a total of 1600 gallons per 100 feet of bore. This volumewould require a returns pit of approximately 6 x 6 x 6 feet. If you have reached maximum mud pump rate and still need toreduce torque, reduce the bore rate (in feet/minute).Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 55

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling OperationsSome soils may require more fluid, others less. If you are at the maximum mud pump output andencounter excess torque, then you can reduce the rate of advance and vary your pump rate to produce minimumtorque to optimize progress. Some soils will be easier to drill if polymer is added to the drilling fluid.Bentonite suppliers can offer guidance concerning the use of bentonite and polymer products.Fluid DisposalDisposal of drilling fluid wastes should be covered in construction permits. Although drilling fluid additivessuch as bentonite and polymer are not considered hazardous wastes, local regulations concerning fluiddisposal vary. While it is important to apply enough fluid to minimize operating torque, overuse of drilling fluidwill increase costs of bentonite and disposal fees.For instance, reaming a 14 inch diameter hole and using 1 gallon of fluid per 1 gallon of soil, a bore 100feet long would require approximately 800 gallons of fluid for 800 gallons of soil excavated. The total wastegenerated is 1600 gallons of soil and water. Depending on the amount of material displaced from the drilledhole, it could be necessary to dig a pit of an additional 200 cubic feet volume just to accommodate the wastefrom the drilled hole. [Using the metric system, reaming a 355 millimeter diameter hole and using 3.8 liters offluid per 3.8 liters of soil, a bore 30.5 meters long would require approximately 3028 liters of fluid for 3028liters of soil excavated. The total waste generated is 6056 liters of a soil and water mixture. Depending on theamount of material displaced from the drilled hole, it could be necessary to dig a pit of an additional 5.6 cubicmeters volume just to accommodate the waste from the drilled hole.]Use of a mud cleaning/recycling system can control the volume of returns present in the pit.Water QualityHard water (that which contains calcium and/or magnesium) or salty water is detrimental to bentoniteand polymer. If you notice severe thickening or separation of bentonite or polymer at the bottom of the mixingtank, then you probably have a water quality problem. If your makeup water is salty, replace it with freshwater. If your water source is hard, treat it with soda ash (sodium carbonate) at a rate from 0.5 to 2.0 lbs. per100 gallons [0.25 to 1 kg per 380 liters]. Soda ash precipitates out calcium in the make-up water as insolublecalcium carbonate, making it harmless.Mud MixingAdequate mixing is essential for preparing either bentonite or bentonite/polymer slurries. The mixing systemmust incorporate increased velocity by pipe diameter reduction. Bentonite powder is added through thehopper portion of the jet mixer. Liquid emulsion polymers should be mixed by recirculating through a jet.Operation of the CraneDANGERDo not walk or stand under a suspended load. Retract the boom completely beforetransporting the drill. Do not allow the crane to contact overhead electric wires.The crane is intended only for handling pipe baskets and tooling. Do not use the crane for maintenanceon other machines. To activate the crane circuits, move the SETUP/AUX switch to the center position. Connectthe remote control cable to the electric socket at the base of the crane. Set the engine throttle to high.Operate the crane using the crane controls.Page 56Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling OperationsThe crane has one power extension section on the boom and one manual pull out section. When theboom sections are extended, the load on the crane must be reduced according to the load chart (see theCrane Owners Manual). Also, as the crane boom approaches horizontal, the load on the crane must bereduced according to the load chart.When the crane is not being used, disconnect the control cable and store it in a safe, dry location. Thecontol is not weatherproof.The crane is equipped with an “anti-two block” safety device. Do not disable this device. Do not use thesafety device as a shut off when lifting a load.Operation of the Pipe LoaderThe pipe loader is to be operated only by the machine operator while sitting in the seat. The levers whichoperate the fixed clamp and breakout wrench are the same levers which operate the auger tie down system(1, 2). The levers that control the pipe loader are also found on the left side of the seat (3, 4). Activate theclamp and wrench function by moving the switch (5) on the control panel to the WRENCH position.1 23 45To prepare the pipe loader for use requires an additional person. The operator moves the lever (4) to liftup the supply of pipe into the loader. The second person removes the shipping pins from the lower row ofpipe. Remove from the rear of the pipe first. The front pins may be more difficult to remove unless the rack ispositioned precisely. The pipes are now free to feed into the loader. Store the pins in a safe location wherethey will not be lost and no one will fall over them.DANGERROTATING PARTS - Danger of entanglement. Keep body and clothing away.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 57

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling OperationsStart of the Drilling Operation‣ Following the manufacturer’s instructions, re-supply the locating sonde with fresh batteries and calibratethe locating receiver. Put the sonde into a sonde housing and hand fit it to a cutting head.‣ Using the pipe loader, position one length of pipe through the fixed wrench with the male threads(called the pin) exposed. Fit the sonde housing and cutting head by hand to the threads. If the sonde andcutting head are very long, it may be necessary to tilt the thrust frame or excavate a pit in front of the drill.‣ Be sure to coat the threads with a thread lubricant.‣ Using suitable tools, tighten the cutting head and sonde housing to the pipe.‣ Connect the mud mixing equipment (sold separately) to the drilling rig by means of a flexible hose.The connection is at the back of the mud pump, which is mounted on the rear of the drill.‣ Following manufacturer’s instructions, operate the transfer pump on the mud mixing equipment toensure an adequate supply of drilling fluid to the mud pump. It is normal for drilling fluid to escape from thecutting head even if the mud pump is not operating. However, do not allow the mud pump to run dry as it willdamage the pump.‣ With the drill properly positioned along the intended bore path, and with the front foot anchoredsecurely, increase engine speed and activate the mud pump.1) Supercharge the FMC (mud) pump with an external supply to a volume of 270 gpm at 30 psi [1020 L/min at 2.1 bar].2) Activate the mud pump by pressing the button on top of the switch (1) located in front of the right armof the driller’s chair.1Page 62Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling Operations3) Set the desired flow using the lever (2).2A strong jet of drilling fluid will escape from the cutting head.DANGERDrilling fluid under pressure can cause personal injury. Stay away from the jet.To get momentary mud flow at maximum regardless of the setting of the lever (2), press and hold thebypass button on the side of the switch (3).431) Using the control lever (4), advance the carriage to thrust the cutting head into the earth. Dependingon the desired bore path, it is the driller’s decision whether to advance the head with or without rotation.2) When the length of pipe has been nearly thrust through the fixed wrench, align the joints in the pipebetween the wrench and the vise. Operation of the vise will loosen the threads, assisted by rotation of thespindle in the clockwise direction.3) When the spindle has come loose from the length of pipe, retract the carriage to the rear of the thrustframe. Operate the pipe loader to position another section of pipe between the spindle and the female thread(the box) of the previous pipe.4) Apply thread lubricant to the pin of the new pipe.Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machinePage 63

OperationsDD-6 Operators ManualDrilling Operations5) Slowly advance the spindle into the box of the new pipe, then allow the pipe to slide through the pipeloader clamps until the pin of the new pipe contacts the box of the previous pipe. Slowly rotate the spindleand advance the carriage until the threads of the two pipes engage and tighten. Tightening must be donewith rotation of the spindle. The breakout wrench on the DD-6 does not operate to tighten.6) Release the jaws of the fixed wrench and advance the pipe into the bore path as before. Repeat thissequence to complete the pilot bore. Steering corrections depend on the type of cutting head in use.DANGERHandle pipe loading controls with care. Make sure all the pipe loader parts areretracted away from the center of the machine to prevent striking them with thecarriage.End of Drilling OperationsDANGERKeep personnel away from the rotating parts.Maintain good verbal contact with the personnel at the exit point. Make sure everyone is clear of the exitingpipe. Other personnel should notify the driller and activate the es!lok® system. Using suitable tools,remove the cutter head and sonde housing. Separate the cutter head from the sonde housing.Completely clean the cutter head. Remove the sonde instrument from the housing. Remove the batteriesand store the sonde in a safe container.Start of the Pullback OperationsAfter the completion of the pilot bore, the operator must decide whether to enlarge the bore by reaming.Factors include the soil conditions, length of the bore, and the flexibility of the pipe or cable being installed. Ifreaming is required, remove the cutting head from the drill pipe using suitable tools.DANGERUnexpected movement or rotation of the drill string can cause death or seriousinjury. American Directional Drills come equipped with the es!lok® exit side lockoutsystem. Use the es!lok® system to disable the drill while changing tooling.Instructions for operating the es!lok® system are found in a separate manual.REFER TO the es!lok® Operator’s Manual.WARNINGDo not attempt to bypass the es!lok® system. Operation of the drill with the es!lok®system disabled can result in injury or death.Page 64Refer to the Safety Awareness Program in this manual before attempting to operate this machine

DD-6 Operators ManualOperationsDrilling OperationsWARNINGA wrench or rotating drill pipe can seriously injure or kill. Do not break out tooljoints with pipe wrenches.Install the reamer in place of the cutting head. When all personnel are clear, re-enable the es!lok® systemand rotate the drill string. Use of drilling fluid will remove soil debris and will lubricate and cool thereamer.Continue to withdraw sections of pipe from the pilot bore until the reamer has reached the entry point.The operator may be able to complete reaming and pullback in a single operation. In that case, a heavyduty swivel is connected to the far side of the swivel. A suitable pulling eye is connected to both the swiveland to the pipe or cable to be installed.Some drillers add sections of drill pipe behind the swivel as it passes through the pilot bore. This ensuresthat the driller will have access to the pilot bore even in case of some collapse of the surrounding soil.End of Pullback OperationsThe pullback operation is complete when the pipe or cable has been installed and pulled back to theentry opening. Using suitable tools, remove the swivel, reamer, and pulling eye. Leave the pipe or cableexposed according to the requirements of the installation.Removing the Tie Down AugersReverse the operation of the tie down augers from the front foot. The crew may want to remove theaugers from the drive motors for separate storage.DANGERROTATING PARTS - Danger of entanglement. Keep body and clothing away.Clean UpDANGERMOVING PARTS - Pinch point. Keep body and clothing away.1) Position the carriage at the midpoint of the thrust fame as an aid to balance the machine.2) Remove the mud supply hose. Retract the rear thrust stabilizers and remove the bear claw pads.3) Put the pads into st