mud pump drilling pdf in stock

The 2,200-hp mud pump for offshore applications is a single-acting reciprocating triplex mud pump designed for high fluid flow rates, even at low operating speeds, and with a long stroke design. These features reduce the number of load reversals in critical components and increase the life of fluid end parts.

The pump’s critical components are strategically placed to make maintenance and inspection far easier and safer. The two-piece, quick-release piston rod lets you remove the piston without disturbing the liner, minimizing downtime when you’re replacing fluid parts.

GDEP is the original creator of the drilling pump and continues to set the standard for durable, high-quality drilling pumps that can withstand the world’s toughest drilling environments. Starting with our PZ7 and rounding out with the market"s most popular pump, the PZ1600, our PZ Series of pumps are the perfect choice for today"s high-pressure drilling applications.

A Mud Pump may have many changeable parts, such as liner, piston, extension rod, pulsation dampener, valve, clamp, etc. Lake Petro could provide 100% interchangeable parts of many common brands of pump. We offer Liners with Ceramic (Zirconia and Aluminium oxide) and Steel (Metal and Bi-metal) materials. Piston assembly is the important spare parts and expendable parts of oil drilling mud pumps. Mud pump valve assy include valve body, valve seat, valve insert (valve rubber ). Pulsation Dampener is usually installed on the discharge line to reduce the fluctuation of pressure and displacement of the drilling mud pump. Fluid End Module is an important component of the hydraulic pump end of the mud pump.

When drilling is in progress, the components of the hoisting system, mud pumps and prime movers are used to circulate drilling fluid from the mud pits through the drillstring and out the bit. Cuttings are flushed from the bottom of the borehole up to the surface, thus cleaning the bottom of the hole and providing the logging geologist with samples at the surface.

A drilling rig usually has two mud pumps, and these are the heart of a fluid-circulating system. Their function is to circulate the drilling fluid under pressure (up to 7500 psi) from a surface pit, through the drillstem, to the bit, return it up the annulus, and back to the pit. There are two types of pumps used in the oil industry. 1. Duplex (2 pistons). 2. Triplex (3 pistons). A recent development is Hex pump which contains 6 pistons. A basic pump consists of a piston (the liner) which moves back and forth (reciprocates) inside a cylinder. The normal mud pump consists of two main assemblies. 1. The Fluid End: It produces the pumping process with valves, pistons & liners. To reduce severe vibration caused by the pumping process, these pumps incorporate both suction & discharge pulsation dampener. 2. The Power End: It converts the rotation of the drive shaft to the reciprocating motion of the pistons.

Single-Acting (Triplex Pump) A pump is said to be single-acting or triplex if it pumps fluid on the forward strokes. It contains 3 pistons. y Triplex single-acting pumps put pressure on only one side of the piston.

These pumps have three pistons and are much lighter than duplex pumps. More power can be obtained from a relatively small triplex pump because it operates at higher speeds, 120 to 160 spm. As triplex pumps operate at higher speeds, they usually have a centrifugal pump to charge the suction. With a properly charged suction, triplex pumps can operate at nearly 100% volumetric efficiency. When efficiency problems are discovered, it is usually because of problems with the suction pump.

Double-Acting (Duplex) A pump is said to be double-acting or duplex if it pumps fluid on both forward & backward strokes. It contains 2 pistons. y y y y y y In duplex pumps, each of the two cylinders is filled on one side of the piston & at the same time fluid is being discharged on the other side of the piston. Each complete cycle of the piston results in the discharge of a fluid volume that is twice the volume of cylinder, minus the volume of the rod. Double acting pumps stroke four times during each cycle. Strokes per minute (spm), on a duplex pump actually means cycles per minute. Duplex pump operates at relatively low speed i.e. 60 to 70 spm. The volume of fluid pumped per minute is determined by multiplying the volume per complete cycle by the number of strokes/cycles per minute.

Centrifugal Pumps This type of pump uses an impeller (Rotor inside a tube or conduit used to increase the pressure & flow of fluid) for the movement of fluid rather a piston reciprocating inside a cylinder. Centrifugal pumps are commonly used to move liquids through a piping system. They are used to surcharge mud pumps & providing fluid to solids control equipment & mud mixing equipment. A centrifugal pump works by converting kinetic energy into potential energy, measurable as static fluid pressure. Pump Liners Pump liners fit inside the pump cavity. They affect the pressure rating & flow rate from the pump. For a given pump, a liner has the same OD (Outer Diameter) but different ID (Internal Diameter). The smaller liner (small ID) is used in the deeper part of the well where low flow rate is required but much higher operating pressure. Power Requirement The horsepower requirement of the pump depends on flow rate & the pressure. Operating Pressure The operating pressure depends on flow rate, depth & size of the hole, size of the drill pipe & drill collars, mud properties & size of nozzle used. Size Determination The size of the pump is determined by the length of its stroke & the size of the liner.

Volumetric & Mechanical Efficiency Drilling mud usually contains little air & is slightly compressible. Hence the piston moves through a shorter stroke than theoretically possible before reaching discharge pressure. As a

result, the volumetric efficiency is always less than one; typically 95% for triplex & 90% for duplex. In addition, due to power losses in drives, the mechanical efficiency of most pumps is about 85%.

TerminologyMud The liquid circulated through the wellbore during rotary drilling and work over operations. Mud Acid A mixture of hydrochloric and/or hydrofluoric acids and surfactants used to remove wall cake from the wellbore. Mud Cake The sheath of mud solids that forms on the wall of the hole when liquid from mud filters into the formation. Also called filter cake or wall cake. Mud Centrifuge A device that uses centrifugal force to separate small solid components from liquid drilling fluid. Mud Cleaner A cone-shaped device, a hydro cyclone, designed to remove very fine solid particles from the drilling mud. Mud Engineer An employee of a drilling fluid supply company whose duty it is to test and maintain the drilling mud properties that are specified by the operator. Mud-Gas Separator A device that removes gas from the mud coming out of a well when a kick is being circulated out. Mud Hopper A large funnel- or cone-shaped device into which dry components (such as powdered clay or cement) can be poured to later mix with water or other liquids. The dry component is inducted through a nozzle at the bottom of the hopper. Mud Hose The hose on a rotary drilling rig that conducts the drilling fluid from the mud pump and standpipe to the swivel and Kelly; also called the mud hose or the Kelly hose. It is a steel reinforced, flexible hose that is installed between the standpipe and the swivel or top drive. It is also called Rotary Hose. Mud Line A mud return line. Mud Logging The recording of information derived from examination and analysis of formation cuttings made by the bit and of mud circulated out of the hole. A portion of the mud is diverted through a gas-detecting device. Cuttings brought up by the mud are examined under ultraviolet light to detect the presence of oil or gas. Mud logging is often carried out in a portable laboratory set up at the well site. Mud Motor A drilling tool made up in the drill string directly above the bit. It causes the bit to turn while the drill string remains fixed. It is used most often as a deflection tool in directional

drilling, where it is made up between the bit and a bent sub (or, sometimes, the housing of the motor itself is bent). Two principal types of downhole motor are the positive-displacement motor and the downhole turbine motor. It is also called downhole motor. Mud Pit Originally, an open pit dug in the ground to hold drilling fluid or waste materials discarded after the treatment of drilling mud. For some drilling operations, mud pits are used for suction to the mud pumps, settling of mud sediments, and storage of reserve mud. Steel tanks are much more commonly used for these purposes now, but they are still usually referred to as pits. Mud Pump A large, high-pressure reciprocating pump used to circulate the mud on a drilling rig. A typical mud pump is a two or three-cylinder piston pump whose replaceable pistons travel in replaceable liners and are driven by a crankshaft actuated by an engine or a motor. Mud Return Line A trough or pipe that is placed between the surface connections at the wellbore and the shale shaker. Mud Tank One of a series of open tanks, usually made of steel plate, through which the drilling mud is cycled to remove sand and fine sediments. Mud Weight A measure of the density of a drilling fluid expressed as pounds per gallon, pounds per cubic foot, or kilograms per cubic meter. Mud weight is directly related to the amount of pressure the column of drilling mud exerts at the bottom of the hole.

Positive displacements pumps are generally used on drilling rigs to pump high pressure and high volume of drilling fluids throughout a drilling system. There are several reasons why the positive displacement mud pumps are used on the rigs.

The duplex pumps (Figure 1) have two cylinders with double acting. It means that pistons move back and take in drilling mud through open intake valve and other sides of the same pistons, the pistons push mud out through the discharge valves.

When the piston rod is moved forward, one of intake valves is lift to allow fluid to come in and one of the discharge valve is pushed up therefore the drilling mud is pumped out of the pump (Figure 2).

On the other hand, when the piston rod is moved backward drilling fluid is still pumped. The other intake and discharge valve will be opened (Figure 3).

The triplex pumps have three cylinders with single acting. The pistons are moved back and pull in drilling mud through open intake valves. When the pistons are moved forward and the drilling fluid is pushed out through open discharge valves.

On the contrary when the piston rods are moved backward, the intake valve are opened allowing drilling fluid coming into the pump (Figure 6). This video below shows how a triplex mud pump works.

Because each pump has power rating limit as 1600 hp, this will limit capability of pump. It means that you cannot pump at high rate and high pressure over what the pump can do. Use of a small liner will increase discharge pressure however the flow rate is reduces. Conversely, if a bigger liner is used to deliver more flow rate, maximum pump pressure will decrease.

As you can see, you can have 7500 psi with 4.5” liner but the maximum flow rate is only 297 GPM. If the biggest size of liner (7.25”) is used, the pump pressure is only 3200 psi.

Finally, we hope that this article would give you more understanding about the general idea of drilling mud pumps. Please feel free to add more comments.

This application provides practical simulations of the Dynamic Well Control on the Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) operations in the oil field services.

With Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD), when kicks occur, they are typically smaller, contained more quickly, and, in some cases, they may be circulated out through MPD equipment without drilling or circulation interruption.

This simulator is the new project based on the Drilling Simulator 2 available on our portfolio on the App Store, but specifically for dynamic well control on onshore and offshore operations (deepwater).

A graphical very useful tool for training of roughnecks, derrickmen, drillers, toolpusher, drilling engineers and students in the well control procedures.

The article presents selected technical issues relating to drilling performed by a drillship, one type of drilling rigs. Basic problems encountered in the main function of such rigs − drilling a well − are failures of mud pumps. The authors investigate these pumps in operational conditions, aiming at development of a system for monitoring the technical condition of these pumps. Work on a diagnostic system is in progress that will permit to predict the condition of mud pump valves well in…Expand