bj carter power tong diagrams factory

New Carter Tool Co. Inc. M-Series 2.0 power sucker rod tong, complete with spring hanger assy., gate assy., front end control assy., pressure gauge assy., two 90 degree XH street ells, one set of size equipment and safety sling with clevis.

New Carter Tool Co. Inc. M-Series 4.0 power sucker rod tong, complete with spring hanger assy., gate assy., front end control assy., pressure gauge assy., two 90 degree XH street ells, one set of size equipment and safety sling with clevis.

New Carter Tool Co. Inc. M-Series 5.0 power sucker rod tong, complete with spring hanger assy., gate assy., front end control assy., pressure gauge assy., two 90 degree XH street ells, one set of size equipment and safety sling with clevis.

New Carter Tool Co. Inc. M-Series 5.5 power sucker rod tong, complete with spring hanger assy., gate assy., front end control assy., pressure gauge assy., two 90 degree XH street ells, one set of size equipment and safety sling with clevis.

New Carter Tool Co. Inc. M-Series 7.5 power sucker rod tong, complete with spring hanger assy., gate assy., front end control assy., pressure gauge assy., two 90 degree XH street ells, one set of size equipment and safety sling with clevis.

1 Slip Inserts, Tong Dies, and Jaws Index Page Slip & Bowl Inserts Page 3-1/2" TS 100 Slip /2" Ortco Slip /2" Ortco Slip Rotary Slip Inserts Baash Ross DU Varco SDS, SDML, SDXL Woolley type B: 4-1/2" & 5-1/2" Woolley type XL: 4-1/2 & Slip Type Elevator Inserts BJ LYT Slip Elevator BJ MYT Slip Elevator BJ YT Slip Elevator BJ HYT Slip Elevator BJ YC Slip Elevator Elevator/Spider Inserts BJ Elevator/Spiders Varco, Blohm + Voss Elevator/Spider Drill Collar Slip Inserts Baash Ross C & C Varco DCS-S, DCS-R, DCS-L Woolley Type A Casing Slip Inserts Baash Ross UC-3 & UC Varco CMS-XL Woolley Type C Tubing Spider Inserts BJ 50 & 100 Ton Cavins Model B Cavins Model C & Top Load Tubing Spider Inserts (Cont.) Page Cavins Model F Hydra Rig Model 150 & Guiberson T-40 & T Oil Country Type G Mission Shallow Well Slips Mission Deep Well Slips Manual Tong Dies Reducing Tong Dies Tong Die Drivers BJ Type Tong Dies Blohm + Voss Tong Dies BVM Tong Dies Web Wilson Tong Dies Woolley Manual Tong Dies Power Tongs - Jaws & Inserts BJ Jaws, Bushings & Inserts Foster & 58-93R Drag Ring Ass"y Foster & 58-93R Jaws & Inserts Cesco/Gill Tong Jaws & Inserts & Drag Ring Ass"y & Jaws & Inserts Back-up Tool Jaws & Inserts Back-up Tool Jaws & Inserts Misc. Inserts & Tong Dies Kelco K-20, K-25, K Hillman Kelley 500-C Jaw/Die Combination.. 24 Hillman Kelley Wrap Around Tongs Eckel Power Tong Dies Sucker Rod Elevator Plates Kelly Spinner Model 77 Jaws sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817)

6 BJ-20, 40, 75 and 150 ton Slip Elevators* Cat. # Ref. # Description Wt. Ea. Qty. Ea. Box LYT Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert, 2-1/16" x 1" (1.315") Reducing Insert, 2-1/16" x 1-1/4" (1.660") Reducing Insert, 2-1/16" x 1-1/2" (1.900") Basic Insert, 2-1/16" x 2-1/16" *Interchangeable with: M&W Oil Tools, Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. MYT Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1" (1.315") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" DM Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" (Directional-Machined) DM Basic Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" (Directional-Machined) *Interchangeable with: M&W Oil Tools, Forum Oil Tools (AOT), Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. YT Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1" (1.315") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900") Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" DM Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" (Directional-Machined) DM Basic Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" (Directional-Machined) Reducing Insert, 3-1/2" x 2-7/8" Basic Insert, 3-1/2" x 3-1/2" *Interchangeable with: M&W Oil Tools, Forum Oil Tools (AOT), Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. HYT Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" DM Reducing Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" (Directional-Machined) DM Basic Insert, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" (Directional-Machined) Reducing Insert, 3-1/2" x 2-7/8" Basic Insert, 3-1/2" x 3-1/2" *Interchangeable with: M&W Oil Tools, Forum Oil Tools (AOT), Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Page 4 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

7 Cat. # Description Ref. # BJ-Elevator/Spider Replacement Inserts* Slip Size Size (OD) Number of Inserts Required Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 5 YC 7-5/8" 175 Ton 13-3/8" 350 Ton 13-5/8" 500 ton 10-3/4" 500 Ton Ton Wt. Ea Basic Insert /2" 3-1/2" Basic Insert " 4" Basic Insert /2" 4-1/2" Basic Insert /2" 5-1/2" Basic Insert " 7" Basic Insert /8" 7-5/8" Basic Insert /8" 8-5/8" Basic Insert /8" 8-7/8" Basic Insert /8" 9-5/8" Basic Insert /4" 10-3/4" Basic Insert /8" 10-7/8" Basic Insert /4" 11-3/4" Basic Insert /2" 12-1/2" *Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Cat. # Description Ref. # BASIC INSERTS - YC THROUGH 1,000 TONS REDUCING INSERTS - YC THROUGH 1,000 TONS* Slip Size Size (OD) YC Number of Inserts Required 7-5/8" 175 Ton 13-3/8" 350 Ton 13-5/8" 500 ton 10-3/4" 500 Ton Ton Wt. Ea Reducing Insert /2" 2-3/8" Reducing Insert /2" 2-7/8" Reducing Insert /2" 3-1/2" Reducing Insert /2" 4" Reducing Insert /2" 4-1/2" Reducing Insert /2" 5" Reducing Insert " 5-3/4" Reducing Insert " 6" Reducing Insert " 6-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 6-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 7" Reducing Insert /8" 7-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 7-3/4" Reducing Insert /8 7-7/ Reducing Insert /8" 8" Reducing Insert /8" 8-1/8" Reducing Insert /8" 8-1/4" Reducing Insert /8" 8-3/8" Reducing Insert /8" 8-1/2" Reducing Insert /8" 8-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 8-3/4" *Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc.

8 BJ Elevator/Spider Replacement Inserts* REDUCING INSERTS - YC THROUGH 1,000 TONS Cat. # Description Ref. # Slip Size Size (OD) YC Number of Inserts Required 7-5/8" 175 Ton 13-3/8" 350 Ton 13-5/8" 500 ton 10-3/4" 500 Ton Ton Wt. Ea Reducing Insert /8" 8-3/4" Reducing Insert /8" 8-5/8" Reducing Insert /4" 9-5/8" Reducing Insert /4" 9-7/8" Reducing Insert /8" 9-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 9-3/4" Reducing Insert /8" 9-7/8" Reducing Insert /8" 10" Reducing Insert /8" 10-1/8" Reducing Insert /8" 10-1/4" Reducing Insert /8" 10-3/8" Reducing Insert /8" 10-1/2" Reducing Insert /8" 10-5/8" Reducing Insert /8" 10-3/4" Reducing Insert /4" 10-3/4" Reducing Insert /4" 10-7/8" Reducing Insert /2" 11-1/4" Reducing Insert /2" 11-3/8" Reducing Insert /2" 11-1/2" Reducing Insert /2" 11-5/8" Reducing Insert /2" 11-3/4" Reducing Insert /2" 11-7/8" Reducing Insert /2" 12" Reducing Insert /2" 12-1/8" Reducing Insert /2" 12-1/4" Reducing Insert /2" 12-3/8" Reducing Insert /4" 11-3/4" Reducing Insert /4" 11-7/8" Reducing Insert /8" 12-1/2" Reducing Insert /8" 12-3/4" Undersize Insert /8" 13-1/2" Reducing Insert " 12-3/4" Reducing Insert " 12-7/8" Reducing Insert " 13" Reducing Insert " 13-1/8" Reducing Insert " 13-1/4" Reducing Insert " 13-3/8" Reducing Insert " 13-1/2" Reducing Insert " 13-5/8" Reducing Insert " 13-3/4" Reducing Insert " 13-7/8" Reducing Insert " 18-5/8" *Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Page 6 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

12 BJ-50 and 100 Tubing Spiders* BJ 50 Ton Spider Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1" (1.315") Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660") Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900") Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-1/ DM Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-3/ DM Basic Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-7/ Reducing Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 3-1/2 x 2-7/ DM Basic Insert for BJ 50-Ton, 3-1/2 x 3-1/ BJ 100 Ton Spider Replacement Inserts Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1" (1.315") Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660") Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900") Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-1/ DM Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-3/ DM Basic Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 2-7/8 x 2-7/ Reducing Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 3-1/2 x 2-7/ DM Basic Insert for BJ 100-Ton, 3-1/2 x 3-1/ * Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Cavins B Tubing Spiders** Chevron Inserts TB /8 Chevron Insert, 2-3/ TB /8 Chevron Insert, 2-7/ TB /2 Chevron Insert, 3-1/ Circular Button Inserts TB /8 Circular Button Insert, 2-3/ TB /8 Circular Button Insert, 2-7/ TB /2 Circular Button Insert, 3-1/ Replacement Inserts TB Reducing Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 1" (1.315") TB /4 Reducing Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660") TB /2 Reducing Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900") TB /16 Reducing Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" TB /8 Reducing Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" TB /8 Basic Insert for Cavins B, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" ** Interchangeable with: Forum Oil Tools (AOT), Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Page 10 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

17 Reducing Tong Die - Reference Chart* 1-1/4" Die Slot Cat. # Ref. # Size Description Wt N/A 9/16" x 1-1/4" x 3-7/8" 1/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 9/16" x 1-1/4" x 5" 1/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 9/16" x 1-1/4" x 5-7/8" 1/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 5/8" x 1-1/4" x 3-7/8" 1/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 5/8" x 1-1/4" x 5" 1/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 5/8" x 1-1/4" x 5-7/8" 1/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 11/16 x 1-1/4 x 3-7/8 3/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 11/16 x 1-1/4 x 5 3/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 11/16 x 1-1/4 x 5-7/8 3/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 3/4" x 1-1/4" x 3-7/8" 1/2 Reduction Tong Die N/A 3/4" x 1-1/4" x 5" 1/2 Reduction Tong Die N/A 3/4" x 1-1/4" x 5-7/8" 1/2 Reduction Tong Die N/A 13/16 x 1-1/4 x 3-7/8 5/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 13/16 x 1-1/4 5 5/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 13/16 x 1-1/4 x 5-7/8 5/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 7/8 x 1-1/4 x 3-7/8 3/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 7/8 x 1-1/4 x 5 3/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 7/8 1-1/4 x 5-7/8 3/4 Reduction Tong Die N/A 15/16 x 1-1/4 x 3-7/8 7/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 15/16 x 1-1/4 5 7/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 15/16 x 1-1/4 5-7/8 7/8 Reduction Tong Die N/A 1" x 1-1/4" x 3-7/8" 1 Reduction Tong Die N/A 1" x 1-1/4" x 5" 1 Reduction Tong Die N/A 1" x 1-1/4" x 5-7/8" 1 Reduction Tong Die 1.15 * Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. Tong Die Drivers Cat. # Ref. # Description Wt. Ea. Qty. Req. Box Tong Die Drivers N/A Tong Die Driver, A/R N/A Tong Die Driver, 1-1/ A/R Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 15

18 Tong Die Cross - Reference Chart* 5/8" Die Slot Cat. # Ref. # Size Application Wt /8" x 5/8" x 1-15/16" BJ Type S & WS Tongs Eckel 4-1/2" Tong 2-1/16" Jaw /8" x 5/8" x 4-1/2" Hillman Kelley Standard: All Sizes Drill Pipe & Casing Power Tongs S /8" x 1" x 1-7/16" (w/slot) BJ Powermatic & Hydratorc Tong w/ 1" Die Slots (4-1/8" x 4-1/2") S 6209S 3/8" x 1" x 1-15/16" (w/slot) BJ Type MS & MS Backup /8" x 1" x 2-1/2" Eckel 4-1/2" Tong, 4" & 4-1/2" Jaw.25 1" Die Slot 3/8" x 1" x 2-5/8" S BJ CTS 4-1/2", 5" & 5-1/2" Tongs.15 (w/slot) /8" x 1" x 3-7/8" BJ Powermatic Tong, Farr Power Tong, Weatherford 5-1/2" & 7-5/8" Tong /8" x 1" x 4-1/4" Web Wilson Type C, D, /8" x 1" x 4-1/2" Hillman Kelley Backup Die /8" x 1" x 5-3/4" Web Wilson Type B & Old Style AAX BJ B+V BV BD* /2" x 1-1/4" x 3-7/8" BJ Drill Pipe Power Tongs Eckel 5-1/2" to 30" Power Tongs Farr Power Tongs /4" Die Slot BD* /2" x 1-1/4" x 5" BJ Type SDD, C, F, & LF Tong BJ Power Casing Tongs (4-1/2" to 13-3/8") Woolley Type Super C, SLF & SDD Tong Eckel Model 850 Web Wilson B+V BV-25, BV-35, BV BD* /2" x 1-1/4" x 5-7/8" BJ Type B & DB Tongs Web Wilson AAX, H & AAX-ST-160 Woolley Types Super A Super B Rotary & Super B Casing Tongs B+V, BV-55, BV-57, BV-65, BV * Interchangeable with: Custom Die(CDI), National Oilwell Varco (NOV), Ortco Inc. *Blue Diamond Tong Dies Available for 1-1/4 Die Slots Page 16 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

19 BJ 4-1/2 R, RS, Tubing Tongs Replacement - Jaws, Bushings, and Tong Dies* Cat.# Ref. # Description Wt. Ea. Qty. Req. Box Replacement Jaws Jaw Assembly, 2-3/8" A/R Jaw Assembly, 2-7/8" A/R Jaw Assembly, 3-1/2" A/R Jaw Assembly, 4-1/2" A/R Replacement Bushings Bushing Assembly, 2-3/8" A/R Bushing Assembly, 2-7/8" A/R Bushing Assembly, 3-1/2" A/R Bushing Assembly, 4-1/2" A/R Replacement Tong Dies N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1" (1.315 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 2-1/16" Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 2-3/8" N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1 (1.315 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" Tong Die, 3/8" x 1" x 3-7/8" (3-1/2" Jaw & Bushing) S Tong Die, 3/8" x 1" x 1-7/16" w/slot (4-1/2" Jaw & Bushing) * Interchangeable with: BJ, Carter Tool, Oil Country, 4-1/2 Open Face Tubing Tongs Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 17

20 BJ - 5-1/2 CTS Tubing Tongs Replacement - Jaws, Bushings, and Tong Dies* Cat.# Ref. # Description Wt. Ea. Qty. Req. Box Replacement Jaws Jaw Assembly, 2-3/8" A/R Jaw Assembly, 2-7/8" A/R Jaw Assembly, 3-1/2" A/R Jaw Assembly, 4-1/2" A/R Jaw Assembly, 5-1/ A/R Replacement Bushings Bushing Assembly, 2-3/8" A/R Bushing Assembly, 2-7/8" A/R Bushing Assembly, 3-1/2" A/R Bushing Assembly, 4-1/2" A/R Bushing Assembly, 5-1/ A/R Replacement Tong Dies N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1" (1.315 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 2-1/16" Power Tong Die, 2-3/8" x 2-3/8" N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1 (1.315 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1-1/4" (1.660 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 1-1/2" (1.900 ) N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-1/16" N/A Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-3/8" Power Tong Die, 2-7/8" x 2-7/8" Tong Die, 3/8" x 1" x 3-7/8" (4-1/2" & 5-1/2 Bushing Only) S Tong Die, 3/8" x 1" x 2-5/8 w/slot (4-1/2" & 5-1/2 Jaw Only) * Interchangeable with: BJ, Carter Tool, Oil Country, 5-1/2 Open Face Tubing Tongs Page 18 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

21 58-93R Foster Tubing Tongs Drag Ring Assemblies Cat. # Ref. # Description Wt. Ea. Qty. Req. Box 1-5/16" to 3-1/2" (5" Bore) Drag Ring Assembly (5" Bore, 1" Pin) A/R Drag Ring Pin (1" x 6-1/4") A/R Drag Plug, 1" Long A/R Drag Spring, 7/8" Long A/R Set Screw, 1" x 1" A/R Cover Plate (5" Bore) A/R Guide Bell 1-5/16" to 1-1/2" (1.900") A/R 3-1/2" to 6-1/16" (6-1/4" Bore) Drag Ring Assembly (6-1/4" Bore, 1" Pins) A/R Drag Ring Pin (1" x 6-1/4") A/R Drag Plug, 7/8" Long (Overall = 3/4 ) N/A 5 A/R Drag Spring, 7/8" Long A/R Set Screw, 1/2" x 1" N/A 5 A/R Cover Plate (6-1/4" Bore) N/A 1 A/R Guide Bell (6-1/4" Bore) N/A 1 A/R 4" to 5-1/2" (7-1/4" Bore) Drag Ring Assembly (7-1/4 Bore, 3/4" Pin) A/R Drag Ring Pin (3/4" x 6-1/4") N/A 5 A/R Drag Plug, 5/8" Long A/R Drag Spring, 1/2" Long A/R Set Screw, 1/2" x 1" A/R Cover Plate (7-1/4" Bore) N/A 1 A/R Guide Bell (7-1/4" Bore) N/A 1 A/R 6-5/8" to 7" (7-7/8" Bore) Drag Ring Assembly (7-7/8" Bore: 5/8" Pin) A/R Drag Ring Pin (5/8 x 6 ) A/R Drag Plug, 1/2" Long A/R Drag Spring A/R Set Screw, 1/2" x 1" N/A 5 A/R Cover Plate, 5/8" Pins: 10 (7-7/8" Bore) N/A 1 A/R Guide Bell (7-7/8" Bore) N/A 1 A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 19

22 58-93R Foster Tubing Tongs Single Action Tubing Jaws & Tong Dies* 1-5/16" to 1-1/2" (1.900") Jaw Assembly Jaw, 1-5/16" to 1-1/2" (1.900") A/R Tong Die, 1", 1-1/4" & 1-1/2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 1-7/8" to 2-3/8" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 1-7/8" to 2-3/8" A/R Tong Die, 2-1/16" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" A/R Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 3-1/2" P P Pyramid Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 3-1/2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 2-7/8" to 3-1/2" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 2-7/8" to 3-1/2" A/R Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 3-1/2" P P Pyramid Tong Die 2-3/8" to 3-1/2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 3-1/2" to 4-3/4" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 3-1/2" to 4-3/4" A/R Insert, 3-1/2" to 4-1/2" Insert, 4" to 4-3/4" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 5" to 6-1/16" Jaw Assembly Jaw (Solid) A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs 58-93R Foster Tubing Tongs Single Action Casing Jaws & Tong Dies* 4" to 4-1/2" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 4" to 4-1/2" A/R Insert, 4" to 4-1/2" N/A Insert, 5-1/2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 6-5/8" to 7" Jaw Assembly Jaw (Solid), 6-5/8" N/A Jaw (Solid), 7" * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Page 20 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

23 58-93R Foster Tongs Double Action Tubing Jaws & Tong Dies* 1" to 1-5/16" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 1" to 1-5/16" N/A Insert, 1" to 1-1/16" N/A Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 2" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 2" Insert, 2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 2-3/8" to 3-11/16" Jaw Assembly Jaw to Double Acting, 2-3/8" to 3-11/16" Insert-Double Acting, 2-3/8" to 3-1/16" Insert-Double Acting, 2-7/8" to 3-1/2" Insert-Double Acting, 3-1/2" Insert-Double Acting, 3-11/16" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs 58-93R Foster Tongs - Cesco/Gill Style Single Action Tubing Jaws & Tong Dies* 1-1" to 2-7/8" Jaw Assembly Use Foster Type Tong Jaws 2-7/8" to 3-1/2" Jaw Assembly J505-2 Jaw, 2-7/8" to 5" (w/1" pin Hole) A/R N505-4 Insert, 2-7/8" to 3-1/2" A/R N507 Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 3-1/2" to 4-1/2" Jaw Assembly J505-2 Jaw, 2-7/8" to 5" (w/1" pin Hole) A/R N505 Insert, 3-1/2" to 4-1/2" A/R N507 Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R 4" to 5" Jaw Assembly J505-2 Jaw, 2-7/8" to 5" (w/1" pin Hole) A/R N505-1 Insert, 4" to 5" A/R N507 Insert Screw, 3/8" x 2-3/4" w/nut A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 21

24 58-93R Foster Tongs - Cesco/Gill Style Single Action Casing Jaws & Tong Dies* 4" to 5-1/2" Jaw Assembly J506 Jaw (4" to 5-1/2") w/ 3/4" pin hole A/R N505-2 Insert Casing, 4" to 4-1/2" A/R N505-3 Insert Casing, 5" to 5-1/2" A/R N507-1 Insert Screws, 5/16" w/nuts A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Foster 74 & Drag Ring Assembies* 1" to 3-1/2" Tubing Drag Ring Assembly (5" Bore, 1" Pin) A/R Drag Ring Pin, 5/8 x A/R Drag Spring, 1/2" Long A/R Drag Plug, 1/2" Long A/R Set Screw, 1/2" x 1" A/R Cover Plate (5" bore) A/R Guide Bell (4-3/4 Bore) A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Foster 74 & Tubing Tong Single Action Jaws & Tong Dies* 1" to 1-5/16" Jaw Assembly Jaw (Solid), 1" to 1-5/16" A/R 1-5/8" to 2-1/16" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 1-5/8" to 2-1/16" Tong Dies, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Insert Screw A/R 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Jaw Assembly Jaw, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Tong Dies, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Insert Screw A/R 3-1/2" (only) Jaw Assembly Jaw (Solid), 3-1/2" A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Page 22 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

25 Foster 147 Back-up - Jaws & Tong Dies* 1-5/16" to 2-1/16" Back-up Jaw Assembly Back-Up Jaw, 1-5/16" to 2-1/16" Tong Die, 1" to 1-1/2" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 1" A/R 2-3/8" to 3-3/4" Back-up Jaw Assembly Back-Up Jaw, 2-3/8 to 3-3/ Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" P P Pyramid Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 1" A/R 3-1/16" to 4-1/2" Back-up Jaw Assembly Back-up Jaw, 3-1/16" to 4-1/2" Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" P P Pyramid Tong Die, 2-3/8" to 2-7/8" Insert Screw, 3/8" x 1" A/R 4-1/2" to 5-9/16" Back-up Jaw Assembly Back-up Jaw (Solid), 4-1/2" to 5-9/16" A/R 5" to 6-1/16" Back-up Jaw Assembly Back-up Jaw (Solid), 5" to 6-1/16" A/R * Interchangeable with: Carter Tool, Gill Services, Oil Country, Tillery & Parks, Closed Head Tubing Tongs Cat sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Page 23

26 Kelco K-20, K-25, K-30, Replacement Inserts Replacement Inserts for Kelco K Insert f/k-20, 3/4" (1.050") Insert f/k-20, 1" (1.315") Insert f/k-20, 1-1/4" (1.660") Insert f/k-20, 1-1/2" (1.900") Insert f/k-20, 2-1/16" (2.062") Insert f/k-20, 2-3/8" Replacement Inserts for Kelco K Insert f/k-25, 1" (1.315") Insert f/k-25, 1-1/4" (1.660") Insert f/k-25, 1-1/2" (1.900") Insert f/k-25, 2-1/16" Insert f/k-25, 2-3/8" Insert f/ K-25, 2-7/8" Replacement Inserts for Kelco K N/A Insert f/k-30, 3/4" (1.050") N/A Insert f/k-30, 1" (1.315") N/A Insert f/k-30, 1-1/4" (1.660") N/A Insert f/k-30, 1-1/2" (1.990") Insert f/k-30, 2-1/16" Insert f/k-30, 2-3/8" Insert f/k-30, 2-7/8" Insert f/k-30, 3-1/2" Hillman Kelley Power Tongs Replacement Inserts Replacement Inserts for Hillman Kelley 500-C Power Tongs A Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 3/4" to 1" A Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 1-1/4" A Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 1-1/2" to 2-1/16" A Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 2-3/8" A Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 2-7/8" Jaw/Die Combination F/Hillman Kelley, 3-1/2" Replacement Inserts for Hillman Kelley Wrap Around Power Tongs R N/A HKWA Insert, 3-1/2" Reg Tooth R N/A HKWA Insert, 2-7/8" Reg Tooth R N/A HKWA Insert, 2-3/8" Reg Tooth R N/A HKWA Insert, 2-1/16" Reg Tooth Standard Hillman Kelley Die, 3/8" x 5/8 x 4-1/2" 0.3 A/R A/R N/A Backup Die, 3/8" x 5/8" x 1-15/16" 0.2 A/R A/R Page 24 sales@rigtool.com (877) fax (817) Cat. 2012

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Because latent syphilis is not transmitted sexually, the objective of treating persons in this disease stage is to prevent medical complications of syphilis. Latent syphilis can also be vertically transmitted to a fetus; therefore, the goal of treating a pregnant woman is to prevent congenital syphilis. Although clinical experience supports the effectiveness of penicillin in achieving this goal, limited evidence is available for guiding choice of specific regimens or duration. Available data demonstrate that additional doses of benzathine penicillin G, amoxicillin, or other antibiotics in early latent syphilis do not enhance efficacy, regardless of HIV status (592,593,609).

Identifying traits for improving sink strength is a bottleneck to increasing wheat yield. The interacting processes determining sink strength and yield potential are reviewed and visualized in a set of ‘wiring diagrams’, covering critical phases of development (and summarizing known underlying genetics). Using this framework, we reviewed and assembled the main traits determining sink strength and identified research gaps and potential hypotheses to be tested for achieving gains in sink strength. In pre-anthesis, grain number could be increased through: (i) enhanced spike growth associated with optimized floret development and/or a reduction in specific stem–internode lengths and (ii) improved fruiting efficiency through an accelerated rate of floret development, improved partitioning between spikes, or optimized spike cytokinin levels. In post-anthesis, grain, sink strength could be augmented through manipulation of grain size potential via ovary size and/or endosperm cell division and expansion. Prospects for improving spike vascular architecture to support all rapidly growing florets, enabling the improved flow of assimilate, are also discussed. Finally, we considered the prospects for enhancing grain weight realization in relation to genetic variation in stay-green traits as well as stem carbohydrate remobilization. The wiring diagrams provide a potential workspace for breeders and crop scientists to achieve yield gains in wheat and other field crops.

The concept of a physiological sink refers to organs which are net ‘receivers’ of photosynthate and other metabolites that are then either consumed by the organ for its own metabolism or stored (to be used later by other sinks). Identifying appropriate traits responsible for improving sink strength is one of the current bottlenecks to further increases in yield potential (Reynolds et al., 2021). In this context, we mostly limit the concept to the reproductive sinks, and consider sink strength as the collective capacity of grains to accumulate dry matter as defined by the number of grains set per unit area and their potential weight. Although this review is sink oriented, it is necessary to appreciate the crop’s photoassimilate supply (source strength, considered specifically in the companion paper; Murchie et al., 2023), which provides energy and molecules for constructing sinks, and also the interactions between source and sink. Briefly (for more detailed consideration, please see the discussion offered in Slafer et al., 2021; Reynolds et al., 2022), although yield is being formed throughout the whole crop cycle (Slafer and Rawson, 1994), the different phases have more or less relevance, depending on both their sensitivity to environmental factors and the consequences of that sensitivity on yield. Most frequently, yield is limited by sink strength during the effective period of grain filling, and source limited from the terminal spikelet initiation up to the onset of grain filling (Fig. 1). For instance, in a recent study by Dreccer et al. (2022) subjecting wheat plants to changes in resources (CO2) and signals (red:far red ratio) during different phases, it was demonstrated that yield responses were concentrated around treatments applied when sink strength is built up, while changes during grain filling were far less effective (as sink strength has already been set and there is no source limitation to filling the grains). This reinforces, with a new approach, what has been the most frequent scenario in the literature (e.g. see reviews by Slafer, 2003; Fischer, 2011; Foulkes et al., 2011; Reynolds et al., 2021, 2022; and a wealth of references quoted therein), and extends the knowledge on the effects of resources on signals, in agreement with what was found when wheat was subject to the contrasting effects of poorer light quality (Ugarte et al., 2010) and longer photoperiods (Gonzalez et al., 2003, 2005; Ferrante et al., 2020).

The interacting processes that determine yield potential are complex (Fig. 1). To help visualize and analyse them, an interactive graphical representation—or set of ‘wiring diagrams’ (WDs), covering the most critical phases of crop development—has been developed (Reynolds et al., 2022). The present review provides additional WDs to aid understanding and further analysis in much greater detail. We focus here on traits and relationships that are relevant for sink strength determination and have divided them into four phenological phases, with a dedicated WD for each of them, delimited by the stages of onset of stem elongation (roughly coinciding with terminal spikelet), booting, anthesis, watery ripe, and physiological maturity (Fig. 1). In the first three phases, different processes that are responsible for the determination of the sink strength are considered, while in the last phase the factors defining whether the crop realizes the sink strength-determined yield are described (Fig. 1). A companion review (Murchie et al., 2023) presents WDs for stages of crop development responsible for source strength. Appreciation of the source–sink interactions outlined in both reviews is essential to understand the determination of grain yield because the separation of the full set of WD reviews into source and sink papers, primarily for the convenience of publication, can easily minimize the importance of the interactions between tissues and organs that occur at different times in crop development.

In the WDs in this review, as in the companion paper focusing on source strength (Murchie et al., 2023), numbered links have been developed for each of the specific ‘wires’ of the diagrams that correspond to different processes underlying sink strength. We have also commented on the genetic bases of these processes, when the established genetic bases were sufficiently soundly defined. The diagrams and evidence supporting them are necessarily ‘high level’ for the sake of clarity. Only in recent years have gene expression profiles and subcellular assays enriched knowledge of wheat traits. This review does not include these details, except in a few pertinent cases, because the aim has been to present a whole-crop picture.

In wheat, grain yield improvement has been highly associated with increased grain number per unit area (Canevara et al., 1994; Slafer and Savin, 1994; Abbate et al., 1995; Sayre et al., 1997; Brancourt-Hulmel et al., 2003; Shearman et al., 2005; Miralles and Slafer, 2007; Peltonen-Sainio et al., 2007). Current evidence suggests that sink strength during the grain-filling period (given by the number of grains and their potential size) remains a critical yield-limiting factor (Fischer, 1985, 2011; Beche et al., 2014; LoValvo et al., 2018). Grain number per unit area subsumes several components determined before anthesis: spikes per unit area, spikelets per spike, and grains per spikelet (see fig. 2 in Reynolds et al., 2022). Since these components are subject to interaction with environmental conditions affecting tiller and/or floret production and survival and are determined by highly polygenic systems, grain number has a relatively low heritability (Sadras and Slafer, 2012). The period from onset of stem extension to anthesis is very important for the determination of grain number. It is generally accepted that the most critical stage covers the phase from late booting to anthesis (Slafer et al., 1999). Indeed, experiments impairing crop growth at different stages of crop development have shown that affecting crop growth before the onset of stem elongation, at the time of spikelet initiation and tillering, does not affect grain number per m2, whilst doing so during the stem elongation phase (during which tiller mortality and floret development within spikelets occur) has a dramatic consequence on grains per m2 (Fischer, 1985, and a plethora of studies confirming the same in a range of countries, and genotypes; e.g. Savin and Slafer, 1991; Abbate et al., 1995; Dreccer et al., 2000; Demontes-Meynard and Jeuffroy, 2004; Ugarte et al., 2007; Prasad and Djanaguiraman, 2014). Greater spike growth during this phase is strongly associated with higher grain number through increased floret survival (Calderini et al., 1997; Fischer, 2007).

The purpose of the genetic narrative that follows is to highlight those studies which have identified the underlying genetic basis of grain number traits likely to deliver benefit to a modern breeding programme targeting high yield potential environments. Far fewer quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and marker trait associations (MTAs) are described for grains per unit area or its components than for grain size. This is not because there are fewer genes involved in the control of grain number. In fact, there are almost certainly more (Wang et al., 2017), but many are of small genetic effect and subject to strong environmental interactions, and are therefore less likely to be detected in QTL analyses. They also result in low heritability (e.g. Sadras and Slafer, 2012).

Rht-1 with reduced height alleles, Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, are the basis of a well-known story (e.g. Hedden, 2003) in which a gain-of-function mutation arose from a premature stop codon which effectively removed the DELLA domain of GRAS proteins on chromosomes 4B and 4D, respectively, resulting in a semi-dwarf phenotype (Peng et al., 1999) together with increased grain number per unit area. For this reason, semi-dwarf alleles of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b have been deployed in most of the world’s irrigated spring wheat and winter wheat varieties (and in many rainfed areas as well). The hypothesis suggested for the molecular function of the semi-dwarfing alleles Rht-D1b and Rht-B1b was that a methionine that occurs after the N-terminus premature stop codon acted as a new site for translational initiation so that a new shorter peptide carrying the growth-inhibiting GRAS domain was no longer subject to regulation by GA. However, the presence of these N-terminal truncated RHT-1 proteins had not been confirmed until recently (Van De Velde et al., 2021). This recent study also showed that re-initiation occurs in the stem to reduce height, but not in the aleurone layer of wheat seeds where this type of GA insensitivity would cause excessive seed dormancy. These very specific changes in the developmental profile required for a desirable agronomic outcome go some way to illustrate why many dwarfing genes do not produce as desirable an agronomic phenotype as Rht-1.

The diagrams presented here and in the companion paper (Murchie et al., 2023) represent—as far as we are aware—the most up-to-date (albeit high level) understanding of the interactions among yield potential traits that has been documented in wheat and based on evidence gathered mostly under agriculturally relevant growing conditions. While presenting the platform organized around WDs as a potential workspace for breeders and other crop scientists, the authors recognize that the details of the WDs and table of genetic information will need updating regularly as knowledge accumulates about trait and gene interactions, and as new traits and their genetic basis are discovered (Reynolds et al., 2022). This is perhaps especially so at the molecular frontier, as such techniques become increasingly applied to tissues from plants grown in realistic crop environments. Such outputs, along with high throughput and precision phenotyping data, measured directly on field-grown plots, and perhaps with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI), will help build new dynamic models of trait and gene interactions in wheat and other field crops.