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Zheng Liu, Conceptualization, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft,1 Sicai Zhang, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing,2 Peng Chen, Conceptualization, Methodology,1 Songhai Tian, Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing,2 Ji Zeng, Investigation, Resources,2 Kay Perry, Investigation,3 Min Dong, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing,2 and Rongsheng Jin, Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing1

34. Chen P., Lam K. H., Liu Z., Mindlin F. A., Chen B., Gutierrez C. B., Huang L., Zhang Y., Hamza T., Feng H., Matsui T., Bowen M. E., Perry K., Jin R.,

Citation:Lee K, Gu S, Jin L, Le TTN, Cheng LW, Strotmeier J, et al. (2013) Structure of a Bimodular Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex Provides Insights into Its Oral Toxicity. PLoS Pathog 9(10):

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We thank Robbin Newlin for assistance with tissue preparation and immunostaining. We thank Core H of the Consortium for Functional Glycomics (CFG) for glycan array screening. This work was partly supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant R01AI091823 to Rongsheng Jin.

16.Gu, S.; Rumpel, S.; Zhou, J.; Strotmeier, J.; Bigalke, H.; Perry, K.; Shoemaker, C.B.; Rummel, A.; Jin, R. Botulinum neurotoxin is shielded by NTNHA in an interlocked complex. Science 2012, 335, 977-981.

17.Lee, K.; Gu, S.; Jin, L.; Le, T.T.; Cheng, L.W.; Strotmeier, J.; Kruel, A.M.; Yao, G.; Perry, K.; et al. Structure of a bimodular botulinum neurotoxin complex provides insights into its oral toxicity. PLoSPathog. 2013, 9, e1003690.

18.Amatsu, S.; Sugawara, Y.; Matsumura, T.; Kitadokoro, K.; Fujinaga, Y. Crystal structure of Clostridium botulinum whole hemagglutinin reveals a huge triskelion-shaped molecular complex. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288, 35617-35625.

22.Fujinaga, Y.; Inoue, K.; Watanabe, S.; Yokota, K.; Hirai, Y.; Nagamachi, E.; Oguma, K. The haemagglutinin of Clostridium botulinum type C progenitor toxin plays an essential role in binding of toxin to the epithelial cells of guinea pig small intestine, leading to the efficient absorption of the toxin. Microbiology 1997, 143, 3841-3847.

23.Nishikawa, A.; Uotsu, N.; Arimitsu, H.; Lee, J.C.; Miura, Y.; Fujinaga, Y.; Nakada, H.; Watanabe, T.; Ohyama, T.; Sakano, Y.; et al. The receptor and transporter for internalization of Clostridium botulinum type C progenitor toxin into HT-29 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2004, 319, 327-333.