u clamp wire rope free sample

While these clips are not designed to be used in an overhead lifting situation (swage sleeves should be used instead), wire rope clips are heavy-duty wire rope clips that used for sustaining overhead loads. Examples include guy lines, support lines, scaffolding, etc.

U.S. Cargo Control offers two types of clips: standard (or U-Bolt) and fist-grip (or "double saddle"). Our line includes high-quality clips that work for any situation, including:

Install the first clip at the dead end side of the rope. The "U" side of the clip must always cover the dead end of the rope, and the "saddle" side of the clip on the live end of the rope. Place the nuts of the clip and tighten them using a torque wrench.

Next, apply the second clip and place it as close to the eye loop as possible. Same application for the clip. Tighten the nuts of the clip with a wrench. (If you"re planning on using more than two clips, do not tighten the nuts on the clip.)

Place more clips on the rope if you need more than two on the wire rope. Be sure to space them evenly between the end clips. Finally, tighten the end clips and apply tension to reach the recommended torque for the wire rope.

Employers must not use improved plow-steel wire rope and wire-rope slings with loads in excess of the rated capacities (i.e., working load limits) indicated on the sling by permanently affixed and legible identification markings prescribed by the manufacturer.

An eye splice made in any wire rope shall have not less than three full tucks. However, this requirement shall not operate to preclude the use of another form of splice or connection which can be shown to be as efficient and which is not otherwise prohibited.

Wire rope shall not be used if, in any length of eight diameters, the total number of visible broken wires exceeds 10 percent of the total number of wires, or if the rope shows other signs of excessive wear, corrosion, or defect.

Except for eye splices in the ends of wires and for endless rope slings, each wire rope used in hoisting or lowering, or in pulling loads, shall consist of one continuous piece without knot or splice.

Cable laid and 6 × 19 and 6 × 37 slings shall have a minimum clear length of wire rope 10 times the component rope diameter between splices, sleeves or end fittings.

Fiber core wire rope slings of all grades shall be permanently removed from service if they are exposed to temperatures in excess of 200 °F (93.33 °C). When nonfiber core wire rope slings of any grade are used at temperatures above 400 °F (204.44 °C) or below minus 60 °F (15.55 °C), recommendations of the sling manufacturer regarding use at that temperature shall be followed.

All welded end attachments shall not be used unless proof tested by the manufacturer or equivalent entity at twice their rated capacity prior to initial use. The employer shall retain a certificate of the proof test, and make it available for examination.

Wire rope slings shall have permanently affixed, legible identification markings stating size, rated capacity for the type(s) of hitch(es) used and the angle upon which it is based, and the number of legs if more than one.

(1) Cable laid and 6 x 19 and 6 x 37 slings shall have a minimum clear length of wire rope 10 times the component rope diameter between splices, sleeves or end fittings.

(c) Safe Operating Temperatures. Fiber core wire rope slings of all grades shall be permanently removed from service if they are exposed to temperatures in excess of 200o F. When nonfiber core wire rope slings of any grade are used at temperatures above 400o F, or below minus 60o F, the sling manufacturer"s recommendations shall be followed.

(2) A prototype of each welded end attachment shall be proof tested by the manufacturer or equivalent entity to check the design and welding method at twice the rated capacity before production is started. Subsequent tests of random samples shall be made. The manufacturer or equivalent entity shall provide a certificate of such tests which the employer shall retain and make available for examination by the Division upon request.

(3) Where rope clip attachments are used, they shall be made with U-bolts on the dead or short end of the rope and the saddle on the live end. The minimum number of clips for end attachments shall be not less than indicated in manufacturer"s tables, but in no case shall be less than three for any permanent installation. Clips shall be drop-forged steel. The clips shall be spaced at a distance equal to at least six times the diameter of the rope. All clip or clamp bolts shall be kept tight after tightening while rope is under tension.

(6) Hooks that have been opened more than 15 percent of the normal throat opening measured at the narrowest point or twisted more than 10 degrees from the plane of the unbent hook.

(1) Have permanently affixed and legible identification markings as prescribed by the manufacturer, and that indicate the recommended safe working load for the type(s) of hitch(es) used, the angle upon which it is based, and the number of legs if more than one; and

2. New subsections (g)-(g)(2) filed 1-18-2012; operative 1-18-2012 pursuant to Labor Code section 142.3(a)(4)(C). Submitted to OAL for printing only pursuant to Labor Code section 142.3(a)(3) (Register 2012, No. 3)

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Re: Wire rope clips on suspension scaffolds; safety latches on large crane hooks; hanging scaffolds - order of assembly; jobsite fabricated lifting accessories - criteria; and horizontal lifelines: use of wire rope clips, anchorages, number of persons allowed to be connected, requirements relating to sag, and use of synthetic rope.

This is in response to your facsimile dated November 14, 2003, to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). We have paraphrased your questions as follows:

Question 1(a) - (c): When using horizontal lifelines as part of personal fall arrest systems, what type of wire rope clips does OSHA require, and how many clips must be used? Additionally, what are the horizontal spacing criteria for the uprights?

Subpart M - Fall Protection, 29 CFR 1926.502, contains criteria requirements for fall protection systems. Horizontal lifelines may be used as part of a personal fall arrest system if provisions within §1926.502(d) are met. Section 1926.502(d)(8) requires that:

Horizontal lifelines shall be designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of a qualified person, as part of a complete personal fall arrest system, which maintains a safety factor of at least two.

Subpart M does not specify what type of wire rope clip or how many clips/clamps must be used when installing a horizontal lifeline. However, under §1926.502(d)(8), these decisions must be made under the supervision of a qualified person when the system is designed. The determination of the horizontal spacing criteria for uprights is also left to the qualified person"s supervisory approval.1

In an August 28, 2000 letter to Mr. Troxell2, we addressed the related issue of using wire rope clips on a wire rope guardrail. In that letter, we cautioned that, as a practical matter, it is unlikely that the criteria requirements for guardrails under §1926.502(b) could be met unless the manufacturer"s recommendations for the number of clips to be used on wire ropes of different diameters were followed (for example, the Crosby Group, Inc., general catalog 2000 edition, has tables showing their recommendations for their clips). We also pointed out that OSHA"s standard for rigging equipment used for material handling, 29 CFR 1926.251, has a table showing the number of clips required for wire rope ½-inch and greater. We noted that although that standard does not apply to wire rope used for guardrails, when designing a rope system to meet the §1926.502 guardrail requirements, following the tables at §1926.251 will normally ensure that there will be enough clips.

The forces exerted on a horizontal lifeline are substantially greater than those on a typical guardrail. Therefore, the system designer needs to ensure that the number, type, and location of clips will withstand the anticipated forces and meet the performance requirements in §1926.502 for horizontal lifelines.

The standard does not set a limit on the number of people that may be simultaneously attached to the same horizontal lifeline. Under §1926.502(d)(8), the determination of how many people may be simultaneously attached depends on a variety of factors that a qualified person must consider when designing the system.3

Extreme care should be taken in considering a horizontal lifeline for multiple tie-offs. The reason for this is that in multiple tie-offs to a horizontal lifeline, if one employee falls, the movement of the falling employee and the horizontal lifeline during arrest of the fall may cause other employees to fall also. Horizontal lifeline and anchorage strength should be increased for each additional employee to be tied-off. For these and other reasons, the design of systems using horizontal lifelines must only be done by qualified persons.

Although the possibility of one person falling may raise the risk of another person being pulled into a fall, it is not our position that the lifeline must necessarily be designed so that it can withstand a simultaneous fall by all the individuals tied-off to it. In assessing the total strength required for the lifeline, the qualified person must make a determination on the likelihood of simultaneous falls based on factors such as the type of walking/working surface the workers will be on, the length of their lanyards, and whether their work assignments call for them all to be near the edge at the same time.

Anchor points for a horizontal lifeline must be determined under the supervision of a qualified person under §1926.502(d)(8). Subpart M does not identify particular anchor points for horizontal lifelines. Appendix C, Section II (h)(1), provides some anchorage point considerations to be addressed when designing personal fall arrest systems.

Question 2: For a horizontal lifeline used as part of a personal fall arrest system during steel erection work, how tight should the lifeline be, and may synthetic rope be used for the horizontal lifeline?

Subpart R - Steel Erection, 29 CFR 1926.760, addresses fall protection requirements in steel erection. Section 1926.760(d), criteria for fall protection equipment, incorporates into Subpart M §1926.502(b)-(e), fall protection systems criteria and practices. Section 1926.502(d)(8) requires that:

Horizontal lifelines shall be designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of a qualified person, as part of a complete personal fall arrest system, which maintains a safety factor of at least two.

Therefore, a qualified person is required to determine how tight the lifeline should be based on site-specific factors. No other requirements are imposed by OSHA regarding the tightness of the lifeline, so long as it comports with a safety factor of at least two.

With regard to the use of synthetic ropes, §1926.502(d)(14) specifies that, when using non-wire rope, synthetic rope (rather than nature fiber rope) must be used:

Scaffolds shall be designed by a qualified person and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a). [Emphasis added.]

Qualified means one who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated his/her ability to solve or resolve problems related to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

The employer is responsible for designing and assembling components in such a way that the completed system will meet the requirements of §1926.451(a). Scaffold components which are not selected and loaded in accordance with this Appendix, and components for which no specific guidelines or tables are given in this Appendix, must be designed and constructed in accordance with the capacity requirements of §1926.451(a).

The requirements set forth in §1926.451(b) must also be followed when erecting the scaffold. In regard to scaffold components used in the construction of the scaffold, §1926.451(b)(10) states:

Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold"s structural integrity is maintained by the user. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. [Emphasis added.]

Section 1926.451(f) sets out requirements involving the use of the scaffold. Where scaffolding is erected, moved, dismantled, or altered, §1926.451(f)(7) provides:

Scaffolds shall be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person qualified in scaffold erection, moving, dismantling, or alteration. Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. [Emphasis added.]

Competent person means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

When erecting the scaffold you describe, the employer must ensure that the scaffold has been designed by a qualified person and constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. If the designer requires the scaffold to be erected from the top down, then it must be erected in that manner. If the designer requires it to be erected from the bottom up, then that order must be followed. If the designer does not indicate one or the other order, then the competent person must determine whether the scaffold may be erected from the top down or the bottom up.

Question 4: Are there OSHA standards that specify criteria for constructing jobsite fabricated rigging equipment such as an equalizing beam, lifting beam, spreader beam, equalizing plates, tee lugs, lifting lugs, and welded scaffold brackets?

The only OSHA construction standards that contains specific criteria related to the construction of special custom design lifting accessories is 29 CFR 1926.251(a)(4), which states:

(4) Special custom design grabs, hooks, clamps, or other lifting accessories, for such units as modular panels, prefabricated structures and similar materials, shall be marked to indicate the safe working loads and shall be proof-tested prior to use to 125 percent of their rated load.

Question 5: Under §1926.451(d)(12)(v) and (vi), when wire rope clips are used on suspension scaffolds, "(v) U-bolt clips shall not be used at the point of suspension for any scaffold hoist," and "(vi) when U-bolt clips are used, the U-bolt shall be placed over the dead end of the rope, and the saddle shall be placed over the live end of the rope." Does §1926.451(d)(12)(v) contradict paragraph (d)(12)(vi)?

No. By its terms, §1926.451(d)(12)(v) prohibits the use of U-bolt clips at the point of suspension for any scaffold. The scaffold standard does not prohibit using U-bolt clips elsewhere. However, when using them elsewhere, under §1926.451(d)(12)(vi), the U-bolt must be placed over the dead end of the rope, and the saddle placed over the live end of the rope.

Question 6: Under §1926.251(c)(4)(iii), are eyes in wire rope bridles and slings or bull wires formed by wire rope clips permitted when used to lift scrap boxes or pendants?

This provision specifically prohibits eyes in wire rope bridles and slings or bull wires being formed by wire rope clips. There is no exception for lifting scrap boxes or pendants.

There are no OSHA standards setting criteria for horizontal high-lines. However, an employer"s use of a horizontal high-line must be in accordance with its obligations under Section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (the "General Duty Clause"), which states:

Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees.

In our view, the industry recognizes that the following engineering factors, among others, must be considered when designing horizontal high-lines: the span and sag of the wire rope line, the weight of the load being lifted, the initial tension of the rope line, and the size of the columns.

OSHA requirements for a safety latch on hooks do not depend of the size of the hook but rather the activity for which the hook is being used. Safety latches on hooks are required in two instances:

Hooks on overhaul ball assemblies, lower load blocks, or other attachment assemblies shall be of a type that can be closed and locked, eliminating the hook throat opening. Alternatively, an alloy anchor type shackle with a bolt, nut and retaining pin may be used.

Section 1926.753(d) prohibits workers engaged in steel erection activities from being directly under a suspended load, with some exceptions. Where those exceptions apply (i.e., where workers are engaged in the initial connection of steel or employees are unhooking the load), specific criteria apply. One such criterion is the requirement for safety latches.

This provision was intended to prevent the components from becoming accidentally unfastened from the hook and falling on the worker below. The preamble to the proposed rule explained that an "equivalent" device would include:

A hook with another type of closing device, i.e., a hook with a spring-loaded gate or another type of safety hook that would provide the same level of safety as a safety hook with a self-closing latch. (At 63 FR 43464, August 13, 1998.)

Neither the personnel platform nor the steel erection/working under load requirement has an exception for large hooks - the requirements apply irrespective of the size of the hook. Also, there is no "grandfather" exception for older hooks without safety latches.

Knotting wire rope compromises the integrity of the strength of the wire rope and is therefore prohibited. Based on the picture provided, which showed a knot in wire rope secured by a U-bolt clip, this practice would be in violation of §1926.251(c)(3).

Question 10: Do OSHA standards require the attachment of an orange and white flag to the highest point of a crane that is being used in the vicinity of an airport?

There are no OSHA standards that require the highest point of a crane to be marked to enhance visibility to air traffic. However, the use of a crane in the vicinity of an airport may be subject to requirements set by other regulatory agencies, such as the Federal Aviation Administration.

Question 11: Do OSHA standards specify a particular anchorage point for connecting the lanyards of workers on crane suspended personnel platforms? Do the standards limit the number of such workers that can be attached to an anchorage point?

This standard applies to the design [and]* * * use of personnel platforms on the load lines of cranes or derricks and the hoisting of personnel platforms on the load lines of cranes or derricks.

Except over water, employees occupying the personnel platform shall use a body belt/harness system with lanyard appropriately attached to the lower load block or overhaul ball, or to a structural member within the personnel platform capable of supporting a fall impact for employees using the anchorage. When working over water, the requirements of §1926.106 shall apply. [Emphasis added.]

Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be independent of any anchorage being used to support or suspend platforms and capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds * * * per employee attached or shall be designed, installed, and used as follows: (i) as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two; and (ii) under the supervision of a qualified person.

As you can see from the text of these provisions, §1926.550(g)(6)(vii) specifies the permissible locations of anchorage points - lower load block, overhaul ball, or the structural member within the personnel platform. Section 1926.502(d)(15) in Subpart M sets forth various criteria for anchorage points but does not establish a limit relative to the number of workers that can be attached to any one anchorage.

In addition, note that several other significant provisions in §1926.550(g) of Subpart N may affect the number of employees allowed in a personnel platform. These provisions include §1926.550(g)(4), which limits the number of employees on platforms to those required to do the work, and sets other requirements as well. Provisions most relevant to your question include §1926.550(g)(3)(i)(E) (limits total weight of loaded personnel platform and related rigging to 50 percent of rated capacity for the radius and configuration of the crane); §1926.550(g)(3)(i)(B) (load line capacities); §1926.550(g)(4)(i)(C) (support criteria applicable to the personnel platform itself); §1926.550(g)(4)(iii) (load limitation of the personnel platform); and §1926.550(g)(4)(iii)(C) (personnel platform rigging requirements). Note that this list is not comprehensive -- please see the actual text of §1926.550(g) for the other provisions.

If you need additional information, please contact us by fax (202-693-1689) at: U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Office of Construction Standards and Guidance. You can also contact us by mail at U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Office of Construction Standards and Guidance, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210, although there will be a delay in our receiving correspondence by mail.

1Note that Appendix C to Subpart M provides Non-Mandatory Guidelines for complying with §1926.502(d), personal fall arrest systems, and provides some information on the design of horizontal lifelines. [ back to text ]

Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be . . . capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds per employee attached or shall be designed, installed, and used as follows: (i) as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two;

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Wire ropes are one of the most critical pieces of rigging and lifting hardware. You can use wire ropes for lifting, rigging, and tying loads of virtually any size, shape, and type. To make the most out of wire ropes, however, you need a few additional rigging equipment, one of which includes wire rope clamps.

Also known as wire rope clips, riggers often use this nifty little piece of hardware at the end of the length of a wire rope. You can use a wire rope clamp to:

In short, a cable clamp is what makes a wire rope one of the most versatile pieces of rigging hardware. As these clamps come in different shapes, sizes, and materials, you will need to choose one that perfectly fits your lifting and rigging application. But before we get down to that, first, you need to understand what is wire rope clamp, its types, and a few other things.

It is a simple mechanical device. A typical wire rope clip consists of a saddle, U-bolt, and two hex nuts. This simple device is suitable for less permanent rigging and lifting applications. You must never use wire rope clips to make industrial slings.

The ASME B30.9 Slings standard clearly states that riggers should not use mechanical wire rope terminations that require periodic adjustments to create slings. In other words, you need to be careful when using rope clamps. You can use a wire rope clip to create an end loop for a winching or crane cable. You can also use it to build perimeter cables or increase the length of a wire rope going through a D-shackle or eye bolt.

Based on their shape, there are two types of cable clamps, U-bolt and double saddle. They both have unique mechanical properties and hence applications.

These cable clamps consist of a U-bolt, two nuts, and a metal base called a saddle. The U-bold passes through the saddle, which you can tighten with the two nuts. They come in various sizes and types of materials, including stainless steel and galvanized steel. You can choose a U-bolt wire rope clamp depending on your rigging or lifting application.

These claps consist of two saddles with one leg each and two nuts. As the saddles are mirrored, they can fit into each other without a bolt. This unique design also means you can use these in either direction, which makes them more user-friendly.

Usually, there are three types of materials used for making rope clips. You can choose a material based on your application as each one comes with its unique strengths and weaknesses.

In this type of wire rope clip, the base or saddle is made from forged steel. The manufacturing process involves heating and hammering the clips into desired shapes. Riggers often use these cable clamps for critical and heavy-duty applications as they are very strong. You can see them in winch lines, crane cables, hoist lines, towing lines, scaffoldings, guy lines, and even tie-downs.

The base or saddle is made from cast iron. As cast iron lacks the metal properties of stainless steel, it is not that strong. So, the malleable galvanized wire rope clamps are not very strong. They can break under heavy usage. You will see them being used in small or light-duty applications like fencing, parameter cables, or guard rails.

Stainless steel wire rope clips are arguably the best ones. The base or saddle is made from high tensile strength stainless steel. They are durable and easy to use. You can find these cable clamps in temporary guard rails, flag posts, and other outdoor rigging applications.

Wire rope clamps are an essential part of the rigging hardware. You can’t do away with them. But you have to make sure to use the right ones to keep the load and the riggers safe. If a wire rope snaps because you used the wrong type of clip, it can lead to disastrous consequences.

The first step in choosing cable clamps is to buy them from a trusted and reputed rigging hardware manufacturer. The last thing you want is to use a defective or poor-quality clip. This will compromise the safety of your load and your crew.

As you can see, each wire rope clamp comes with unique properties. You need the instruction manual to understand when, where, and how to use the cable clamps. Make sure the clamps are accompanied by respective user manuals when making a purchase.

By now, you know that some cable clamps are more suited for outdoor environments, while others aren’t. As a result, carefully think about where you want to use the wire rope clips. For example, if it’s a heavy outdoor application, stainless steel wire rope clamps would be a great fit.

Taking into account how large and heavy the load is also equally important. Heavier loads will require strong cable clamps that won’t break under stress. Also, you shouldn’t use clips for any permanent rigging or lifting applications. They are suited only for temporary load applications.

Lastly, it’s always better to get an expert on board when shopping for wire rope clips. Maybe you can hire an engineer or expert with considerable field experience to help you choose the right types of clamps. An expert will help you take every detail into account before making the purchase. Remember, if you choose the right cable clamps right off the bat, you’ll save considerable time and money down the line.

Wire rope clamps are one of the essential rigging hardware. They land wire ropes more flexibility, allowing you to handle a wide range of applications with ease and safety. These are some tips that will help you choose the appropriate clamp for your need.

HHI sells different types of clamps and other rigging hardware, both online and offline. If you are looking for reasonably priced and high-quality cable clamps or other hardware, check out our online store or reach out to our experts.