what is a 2 stage hydraulic pump supplier

2-stage hydraulic pumps are used in motor-driven operations wherein a low-pressure, high rate inlet must be transferred to high pressure, low flow-rate outlet. Single-stage pumps are rated to a static max pressure level and have a limited recycle rate.

To achieve high pressure without a 2-stage unit, the drive engine would require significantly higher horsepower and torque capacity but still lack an effective cycle rate. Other hydraulic pump variants exist – such as piston pumps – but are expensive, making 2-stage units more feasible.

For example, a single gear hydraulic pump might be designed to generate a high-pressure output. Still, it will be unable to repeat a cycle rapidly due to a necessarily low flow rate at the intake. A 2-stage unit ensures consistent flow to increase cycle turnover.

Compactors utilize a similar 2-stage process. High-pressure flow drives the compacting rod, while the low-pressure flow retracts the mechanism and feeds the high-pressure chamber for repeated impacts.

2. Once the first-stage pressure meets a certain pressure threshold, a combiner check valve will open and feed into the second-stage, small-gear unit – joining flows at relatively low pressure.

3. A load sensing pin will trigger the unloading valve to open and the check valve to close. The flow will be directed exclusively to the discharge port.

4. A small amount of fluid may feedback to a load sensing pin to measure the pressure at the outlet and signal lower flow rate in the first unit, lowering the pressure and providing the conditions for a cycle to repeat.

A piston pump operates according to variable displacement. Flow is determined by the angle of an internal slant disk attached to the pump shaft. Pump adjustments – like torque or horsepower limiters – allow piston pumps to emit a max flow rate regardless of pressure level.

In most cases, hydraulic piston pumps are an order of magnitude more expensive than gear-based pumps. Potential downtime and part replacement in high volume work conditions exacerbate price disparities further.

Chiefly: fuel and power consumption. A piston pump operating in high-pressure ranges will regularly demand the full horsepower capabilities of its associated drive engine – increasing the power utilization of the system.

Opportunity cost may also be considered when using a piston pump. Depending on the application (e.g., log splitting), work output can be heavily impacted by the cycle speed of the pump. Not only is a piston pump more expensive to peruse, it is also slower than 2-stage pumps.

Panagon Systems has specialized in manufacturing industry-standard and custom hydraulic assemblies for 25 years. Reach out to our team for a consultation on your specific operational and equipment needs.

This 2-Stage pump fits a wide variety of log splitters and outdoor power equipment and works in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The included inlet nipple requires a 1" inner diameter suction hose.

Rated for up to 3,000 PSI at 3,600 RPM, this pump can power log splitters from 5 to 35 tons, depending on the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder. It features a fast cycle time by moving quickly when unloaded. It automatically shifts to low-flow/high-pressure mode at 500 PSI.

Be sure to use AW-32 10-Weight (ISO 32) or AW-46 20-Weight (ISO 46) light hydraulic fluid or Dexron III automatic transmission fluid. This pump is not designed for use with “universal” or "tractor" transmission oil, such as "303". The use of incorrect fluid may damage the pump and void the warranty.

Make sure the hydraulic fluid reservoir is not below the pump to ensure a sufficient flow of fluid to the pump. Suction-side filtration should be no finer than 150 microns. The use of a 10-25 micron filter on the suction side of the pump is too restrictive and will cause failure.

We recommend using an L-style jaw coupling to connect the pump to an engine. Couplings and mounting brackets are available. You should use at least a 5hp 163cc engine to maintain 3,600 RPM under load.

This 2-Stage pump fits a wide variety of log splitters and outdoor power equipment and works in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The inlet (suction) port is 1" NPT and the minimum suction hose inner diameter (ID) is 1-1/4". The inlet barbed fitting is not included but is available separately. Use a 1-1/4 ID Suction Hose and 3/4" ID high-pressure hose.

Be sure to use AW-32 10-Weight (ISO 32) or AW-46 20-Weight (ISO 46) light hydraulic fluid. This pump is not designed for use with “universal” or "tractor" transmission oil, such as "303". The use of incorrect fluid may damage the pump and void the warranty.

Make sure the hydraulic fluid reservoir is not below the pump to ensure a sufficient flow of fluid to the pump. The hydraulic fluid reservoir should have a capacity of at least 12 gallons to allow sufficient cooling. Suction-side filtration should be no finer than 150 microns. The use of a 10-25 micron filter on the suction side of the pump is too restrictive and will cause failure.

We recommend using an L-style jaw coupling to connect the pump to an engine. Couplings and mounting brackets are available. You should use at least a 15hp engine to maintain 3,600 RPM under load.

Northern Hydraulics offers a full line of 2-stage hydraulic pumps for your log splitters, compactors, and press-type applications. Haldex/Concentric pumps have a cast iron gear housing and are available in flows ranging from 9 GPM to 28 GPM. These 2-stage hydraulic pumps are designed for heavy-duty use and long cycle times. The Haldex brand assures you are getting top-quality, high-performing products. Northern Hydraulics replacement pumps also have a cast iron gear housing and are available in flows ranging from 5 GPM to 28 GPM. These log splitter hydraulic pumps are ideal for the recreational wood splitter user, as they are still a quality product, but offered at a much lower price point.

Hydraulic pumps convert mechanical energy into fluid power energy. All hydraulic pumps are positive displacement which means the outlet flow is sealed from the inlet flow. A small amount of fluid is designed to leak internally to lubricate and cool the internal components of the pump. The only function of the pump is to produce flow in a system. Bailey International, LLC provides a wide range of pumps and accessories including clutch pumps, dump, gear, jaw couplers, mounting brackets, pistons, PTO, vane and two stage pumps.

Ideal for log splitters, presses, and other machinery, this 11 GPM 2-stage pump requires 5 HP for operation. The gear displacement is 0.517 cubic inches for low pressure and 0.194 cubic inches for high pressure. Built with a 1/2 in. shaft, this two stage gear pump has a 1 in. tube inlet port and a 1/2 in. NPT outlet port.

The 257-011, by MTE, is manufactured in the USA. It is commonly used by individuals building their own log splitter. It may also be used as a replacement pump for major log splitter manufacturers like MTD, Timberwolf, Champion, Ariens, and Swisher.

Brand new 19GPM, 2 stage hydraulic replacement pump for log splitters. Fits many different applications, including newest models sold at Tractor Supply Co.

- The 2-stage pump can give you faster cycle times and higher possible pressure with a small engine. Excellent for use on log splitters. 85% efficient.

- This 2 stage pump can give you much faster cycle times and higher possible pressures with a small engine. Excellent for use on log splitters. 85% efficient.

A two-stage hydraulic pump is two gear pumps that combine flow at low pressures and only use one pump at high pressures.  This allows for high flow rates at low pressures or high pressures at low flow rates.  As a result, total horsepower required is limited.

Pumps are rated at their maximum displacement.  This is the maximum amount of oil that is produced in a single rotation.  This is usually specified in cubic inches per revolution (cipr) or cubic centimeters per revolution (ccpr).  Flow is simply the pump displacement multiplied by the rotation speed (usually RPM) and then converted to gallons or liters.  For example, a 0.19 cipr pump will produce 1.48 gallons per minute (gpm) at 1800 rpm.

Simply put, gear pumps are positive displacement pumps and are the simplest type you can purchase. Positive displacement means that every time I rotate the shaft there is a fixed amount of oil coming out.  In the diagram shown here, oil comes in the bottom and is pressurized by the gears and then moves out the top.  The blue gear will spin clockwise. These pumps are small, inexpensive and will handle dirty oil well.  As a result, they are the most common pump type on the market.

I found that I was constantly waiting for the cylinder to stroke so that I could insert the next piece.  I was really good at determining how much stroke I would need so that wasn’t wasting time over stroking the cylinder.

A piston pump is a variable displacement pump and will produce full flow to no flow depending on a variety of conditions.  There is no direct link between shaft rotation and flow output.  In the diagram below, there are eight pistons (mini cylinders) arranged in a circle.  The movable end is attached to a swashplate which pushes and pulls the pistons in and out of the cylinder.  The pistons are all attached to the rotating shaft while the swashplate stays fixed.  Oil from the inlet flows into the cylinders as the swashplate is extending the pistons.  When the swashplate starts to push the pistons back in, this oil is expelled to the outlet.

So, we don’t actually turn one of the pumps off.  It is very difficult to mechanically disconnect the pump, but we do the next best thing.  So earlier in the article I mentioned that pumps move oil they don’t create pressure.  Keeping this in mind, we can simply recirculate the oil from the pressure side back to the tank side.  Simple.   So, let’s look at this as a schematic.

Luckily, turning off the pump is quite simple and only involves two components: a check valve and an unloader valve.  The check valve is there to keep the higher-pressure oil from the low flow pump separate from the oil in the high flow pump.  The higher-pressure oil from the low flow pump will shift the unloader valve by compressing the spring.  This allows flow from the high flow pump to return to the suction line of the pump.  Many pumps have this return line internal to the pump, so there is no additional plumbing needed.  At this point, the high flow pump uses little to no power to perform this action.  You will notice that the cylinder speed slows dramatically.  As the log splits apart, the pressure may drop causing the unloader valve to close again.  At this point, the flows will combine again.  This process may repeat several times during a single split.

The graph above shows the overlay of a performance curve of a piston pump and two stage gear pumps.  As you can see, the piston pump between 700 psi and 3000 psi will deliver the maximum HP that our engine can produce and as a result, it will have maximum speed.  Unfortunately, it will also have maximum cost.  If we are willing to sacrifice a little performance, the two-stage pump will work very well.  Most of our work is done under 500 psi where the two pumps have identical performance.  As pressure builds, the gear pump will be at a slight disadvantage, but with good performance.  The amount of time we spend in this region of the curve is very little and it would be hard to calculate the time wasted.

After the pump on my log splitter died, I replaced it with a two-stage pump.   While I was missing out on the full benefits of the piston pump, there was a tremendous increase in my output (logs/hr.).  I noticed that instead of me waiting on the cylinder to be in the right position, I was now the hold up.  I couldn’t get the logs in and positioned fast enough.  What a difference!

As you go from a standard two-stage pump to your own custom design, you will find that you will need to add the check valve and unloader separately.  However, there are many available cartridges manifold out there already that make this simple.  Some even have relief valves built in!

Two stage pumps are wonderful creations!  They allow for better utilization of pressure, flow and power by giving you two performance curve areas.  They also show their versatility in conserving power which leads to energy savings while remaining inexpensive.  A lot of these pumps come pre-made and preset, but you can make your own!  See if your next project can get a boost from one of these wonderful devices.

I"m referring to the type of hydraulic pump typically used on log splitters. It provides a high flow at lower pressure (to move the splitter wedge without resistance quickly) and a lower flow at high pressure (to move the wedge slower but with more force when resistance is encountered). How do these work internally to get the two different flows and pressures? Anybody know? It must be pretty simple, or it wouldn"t be reliable (right?).

I have a small tractor/loader whose "transmission" is a hydrostatic drive pump and 4 hydraulic wheel motors. One of the disadvantages of this design is that you only have 1 "gear"...slow! The thought struck me that some sort of two stage pump might give you more speed when there"s little resistance and more torque when it"s needed...kind of like a automagic gear-selector... /forums/images/graemlins/shocked.gif Any thoughts?

Hi/Lo 2 stage hydraulic gear pump. 8 GPM @ 3600 RPM, 2.1 GPM @ 400 PSI and 6 GPM @ 3000 PSI. 3600 RPM rated speed, SAE 4 bolt flange mount. 1" metal tube inlet port with 1/2" NPT outlet port. 1/2" keyed shaft. Right hand rotation (clockwise). Cast iron housing. The pump will automatically switch from low pressure (400 PSI) to high pressure when it reaches 900 PSI and then advance to 3000 PSI.

Customers often ask, “when do I need a two-stage hand pump versus a single-stage hand pump?” Well, that depends on the type of work you are trying to do inside your hydraulic system. There is a measurable difference between the two of them and both have benefits depending on the application. To explain, let’s look at the new PowerX International line of hand pumps.

First up is the PowerX P43 single-stage 10,000 psi (700 bar) hand pump. The reason why it is called a “single-stage” pump is because the flow of oil produced is the same on each stroke of the handle. For the PowerX P43, the flow is a continuous 0.20 in3 of oil per stroke. The pumps flow rate remains constant, whether it is simply raising a single acting cylinder with no weight on it, or pushing 10 tons at 10,000 psi. A single-stage pump is great if your hydraulic ram does not have to travel far before it starts to lift or push the load. But if the ram needs to travel any significant distance to meet the load, there would be a lot of excessive pumping by the operator before they actually started to do any work. This would get tiresome very quickly!

Enter the PowerX P37 “two-stage” 10,000 psi (700 bar) hand pump. Two stage hydraulic hand pumps give the operator higher flow rates up until the cylinder or ram starts to do work. In the case of the PowerX P37 hand pump, the first stage has a flow of 0.79 inches3 of oil per stroke (almost 4 times more than the P43) before making contact with the work load where the pressure builds. Once the ram makes contact with the load, and the pressure inside the system raises above 200 psi, the second stage kicks in at 0.17 in3 of oil volume. This two-stage pump allows the operator to do less work (or hand pumping) before coming into contact with the load. Your operators will thank you!

Both the PowerX P43 and the PowerX P37 are built with rugged steel construction and both have internal pressure relief valves to protect against overload. To learn more about the PowerX line of 10,000 psi (700 bar) hand pumps, click here.

Hydraulic pumps come in a wide range of styles and designs, and Flowfit Hydraulic two stage hi-lo gear pumps are amongst the most efficient available. These models can give you much faster cycle times and provide a higher maximum pressure, whilst only utilising a small engine. Typically, two-stage hi-lo gear pumps are excellent for use on log-splitters and hydraulic press applications.

Running at 85% efficiency, our range of hydraulic pumps are amongst the most effective in compactly designed hydraulic components available in the UK. With various designs, all available with a range of GPM specifications, you will be able to find the ideal model for your systems requirements amongst our extensive range.

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