kelly hose oil rig free sample

Flexible drilling rubber hoses play an important role in petroleum extraction. They should suffer high operating pressure, extreme operating temperature, abrasion and other inferior elements. Our special compounded synthetic rubber has been proven an effective and economical way to reject these problems. All our oilfield drill hoses are manufactured as API 7K or other related specifications.

Steel cable reinforcement loads most working pressure up to 15,000psi. The wires are usually zinc-plating or copper platting to improve steel wire resistant against rust and corrosion. Due to the thick reinforcement, the hoses should be handled or stored in correct way to avoid kicking or crushing. They will substantially decrease their rated operating pressure.

Rotary hose, Kelly hose, cement hose, mud hose, jumper hose and vibrator hose and choke & kill hoses are the most popular oilfield rubber hoses. They convey high-pressure drilling fluid from one place to another. Many end fittings are provided to satisfy different applications. Most end fittings are made according to API standards. Special order is also available.

In an effort to prevent kinking, binding or snagging of kelly spinner hoses during the raising and lowering of said hoses together with a rotary hose in oil drilling rigs, it is known to tape the kelly spinner hoses to the rotary hose which provides the drilling fluid. There is a serious defect in this arrangement since the kelly spinner hoses and the rotary hose are used independently in the sense that they are under different pressures at different times. Thus, for example, the kelly spinner hoses will not be pressurized with air when the rotary hose is pressurized with the drilling fluid. Since the pressurization of the rotary hose is typically in the range of from four thousand to five thousand psi, the hose is substantially elongated typically from about six to ten inches. This results in substantial straining of the kelly hoses. By the same token the kelly hoses when they are pressurized, are strained due to the fact they are prevented from moving relative to the rotary hose. Further, these strains have a tendency to rupture the tape leaving the kelly spinner hoses free to move independently which is a serious hazard for rig personnel since, if one of these hoses ruptures or separates from the fittings attached to the kelly swivel it will whip violently incident to the exhausting of the high pressure air through the rupture or the freed end of the hose. All of these problems have been solved by this invention by providing guides for the kelly hoses which attach to the rotary hose and permit the kelly hose and the rotary hose to move freely axially relative to each other while preventing kinking, binding and snagging while the hoses are raised and lowered. In addition, the invention facilitates the installing and disconnecting the kelly spinner hoses. The life expectancy of the kelly spinner hoses is increased, reducing down time.

The invention is a safety guide for kelly spinner hoses in drilling rigs and a plurality of said safety guides in combination with kelly hoses and a rotary hose. Each safety guide comprises a pair of opposed rings, each adapted to receive and guide a kelly spinner hose, and a device for securing the rings to a rotary hose substantially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotary hose. Advantageously, each ring has a rigid integral loop member and the securing device comprises a flexible band passing through said loop members. It is preferred to secure the band to the rotary hose with a buckle. In the combination, a plurality of the safety guides are spaced along the length of the rotary hose, preferably substantially equidistant.

FIG. 3 is an elevational view showing a guide in accordance with the invention in association with the kelly spinner hoses and the rotary hose of the rig of FIG. 1;

Referring to FIG. 1, an oil drilling rig 2 has a derrick 4 having a hoist 6 provided with a lifting hook 8 which is adapted to engage a ring 10 (FIG. 2) attached to a swivel fitting 12 which in turn is connected to a kelly indicated at 16 adapted to connect with a rotary table 18 (FIG. 1). A kelly spinner 20 rotates kelly 16 and is supported by a turn buckle 22 connected to swivel fitting 12.

A rotary hose 26 is connected by a fitting indicated at 28 (FIG. 2) to swivel fitting 12. Rotary hose 26 is connected to a stand pipe 30 which is adapted to deliver a drilling fluid as indicated at 32 (FIG. 1). Kelly spinner hoses 40 and 42 are connected to Kelly spinner 20 and are respectively connected to their delivery pipes 44 and 46 as indicated at 48 and 50 (separated for clarity in FIG. 1, but actually close to fitting 32).

Kelly spinner hoses 40 and 42 are each guided by a plurality of guides 60 in accordance with the invention which are substantially equally spaced along the length of rotary hose 26.

As best seen in FIG. 4, each guide 60 has a pair of opposed guide rings 62 and 64 through which hoses 40 and 42 pass respectively. Guide ring 62 has an integral member loop member 66 which runs substantially perpendicular to a plane through ring 62 and has a relatively narrow opening 68 (FIG. 3). Likewise, guide ring 64 has an integral loop member 72 running substantially perpendicular to the plane of ring 64 and having a relatively narrow opening 74.

A band 78 passes through openings 68 and 74 and around rotary hose 26 to which it is tightly secured by buckle 80. Buckle 80 has a flat plate 82 to which is secured a loop 84 (FIG. 5) and outwardly and downwardly extending opposed fingers 86, 86. The inner end 90 of band 78 passes between plate 82 and loop 84 and between back plate 82 and fingers 86, 86 and is bent back on itself inside of plate 82. Band 78 is then run around rotary hose 26 twice passing through loop members 66 and 72 and between plate 82 and both loop 84 and fingers 86 twice to form two loops indicated at 96 and 98 in FIG. 4 and then outer end 92 is turned back on itself over loop 84 and passed inside of fingers 86, 86 thus securing the rings 62 and 64 to rotary hose 26 (FIGS. 4 and 5).

The guides 60 are substantially equally spaced along hose 26 advantageously at a distance of from about 96 to about 144 inches. It will be seen that since the kelly spinner hoses 40 and 42 are loosely received in guide rings 62 and 64 each of the hoses 40, 42 and 26 can move freely axially relative to each other. Should one of the hoses 40 or 42 become detached from the kelly spinner it will be prevented from dangerous whipping. While a variety of materials may be used to make the guides 60, it is preferred to employ stainless steel for all the parts. The guide rings 62 and 64 are conveniently welded to loop members 66 and 72 as indicated at 100 and 102 respectively in FIGS. 3 and 4.

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A kelly drive is a type of well drilling device on an oil or gas drilling rig that employs a section of pipe with a polygonal (three-, four-, six-, or eight-sided) or splined outer surface, which passes through the matching polygonal or splined kelly (mating) bushing and rotary table. This bushing is rotated via the rotary table and thus the pipe and the attached drill string turn while the polygonal pipe is free to slide vertically in the bushing as the bit digs the well deeper. When drilling, the drill bit is attached at the end of the drill string and thus the kelly drive provides the means to turn the bit (assuming that a downhole motor is not being used).

The kelly is the polygonal tubing and the kelly bushing is the mechanical device that turns the kelly when rotated by the rotary table. Together they are referred to as a kelly drive. The upper end of the kelly is screwed into the swivel, using a left-hand thread to preclude loosening from the right-hand torque applied below. The kelly typically is about 10 ft (3 m) longer than the drill pipe segments, thus leaving a portion of newly drilled hole open below the bit after a new length of pipe has been added ("making a connection") and the drill string has been lowered until the kelly bushing engages again in the rotary table.

The kelly hose is the flexible, high-pressure hose connected from the standpipe to a gooseneck pipe on a swivel above the kelly and allows the free vertical movement of the kelly while facilitating the flow of the drilling fluid down the drill string. It generally is of steel-reinforced rubber construction but also assemblies of Chiksan steel pipe and swivels are used.

The kelly is below the swivel. It is a pipe with either four or six flat sides. A rotary bushing fits around the flat sides to provide the torque needed to turn the kelly and the drill string. Rollers in the bushing permit the kelly free movement vertically while rotating. Since kelly threads would be difficult to replace, normally the lower end of the kelly has saver sub — or a short piece of pipe — that can be refurbished more cheaply than the kelly. Usually, a ball valve, called the lower kelly cock, is positioned between the kelly and the kelly saver sub. This valve is used for well control if the surface pressure becomes too high for the rotary hose or surface conditions.

According to the ″Dictionary of Petroleum Exploration, Drilling and Production″, ″[The] kelly was named after Michael J. (King) Kelly, a Chicago baseball player (1880-1887) who was known for his base running and long slides.″

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A 27-year-old gas drilling rig worker died on May 23, 2003 from blunt force trauma to the head, neck, and chest during a cleanout operation at the well. At the time of the incident, the victim was working within eight feet of the kelly on the drilling rig floor. Compressed air was used to blow out the conductor pipe, but due to a lack of communication, the compressor was turned on before the valves were prepared to control the flow of debris out of the hole. The excess pressure caused the kelly bushing, drillpipe slips, and debris to be blown out of the rotary table. The victim was struck by these objects and was pronounced dead on arrival to the hospital.

A 27-year-old gas drilling rig worker died on May 23, 2003 from blunt force trauma to the head, neck, and chest after he was struck by the kelly bushing and drillpipe slips. OKFACE investigators reviewed the death certificate, related local news articles, and reports from the sheriff’s office, Medical Examiner, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),

The company did have a comprehensive written safety program in place at the time of the incident. The victim had received formal company safety training and informal on-the-job training specifically relating to cleanout operations. Safety meetings were held regularly, and levels of training were measured by employee testing and demonstration. Two of the five workers at the site had recently joined the crew from other drilling companies; however, they each had years of experience in oil and gas drilling.

At the time of the incident, the rig floor and working surfaces were level and dry; the weather was warm with light to no wind. The victim was working with four other crew members on a gas drilling rig, wearing the necessary personal protective equipment (e.g., steel toe boots, hard hat, eye protection). Prior to the incident, the decedent was assigned the task of driller and was asked to find the bottom of the conductor hole with the kelly (Figure 2). The kelly is used to transmit power (rotary motion) from the rotary table and kelly bushing to the drillstring (Table 1). After unlatching the brake handle, the driller allowed the kelly to free fall to the bottom. The uncontrolled fall caused the kelly to become jammed with debris, such as water, mud, and other material, that had collected in the conductor hole since the time it was originally drilled for the well. As a result, a cleanout operation became necessary. Cleanout procedures involving air or mud drilling fluid are acceptable norms in the oil and gas drilling industry; however, drilling fluid is more commonly used than compressed air.

a long square or hexagonal steel bar with a hole drilled through the middle for a fluid path; goes through the kelly bushing, which is driven by the rotary table

After the kelly became jammed, a senior driller was assigned to take over the brake handle and kelly; however, the decedent remained approximately eight feet away on the rig floor. A newly hired, yet experienced, derrickman had the job of running the air compressor. While the drillers were switching positions, the derrickman realized that he had not started that particular type of compressor in quite some time and left the rig floor to seek help from another driller onsite.

In normal cleanout operation procedures, certain valves are closed prior to turning on the compressed air, which allows control over the flow of debris out of the hole and into a catch pond. Once the valves are prepared, the driller indicates to the derrickman that the area is ready for the compressed air. At some point between the senior driller preparing for cleanout and the derrickman leaving the floor to turn on the air compressor, there was a lack of communication and the air compressor was activated without the senior driller’s knowledge, prior to the prescribed valves being shut. After starting the air compressor, the derrickman returned to the rig floor and, as he walked to his next assignment, the rotary table erupted. The pressure normally used to complete the cleanout work is a minimum of 20 pounds per square inch. Within minutes, the kelly had pressurized well beyond this point to 150 pounds per square inch. The victim, who was still on the rig floor in close proximity to the kelly, was also unaware that the air compressor had been turned on. The compressed air, at full pressure with no valves closed to control or direct the flow, blew the kelly bushing, drillpipe slips, and debris out of the rotary table; all of which struck and landed on the victim.

Discussion: Employers should develop, implement, and enforce standard operating practices and procedures for all drilling operations to safeguard against unexpected energization or startup of equipment/machinery, or hazardous energy release during servicing and maintenance. These written practices and procedures should be reviewed at least annually. In this incident, standard operating procedures for performing cleanout, and training to those procedures, were needed to help monitor air and hydraulic pressure and control pumps and compressors. Had a standard written operating procedure been in place and complied with by the crew, this incident may have been prevented. While using compressed air is a normal cleanout practice, the area around the rotary table becomes highly hazardous during the procedure and requires certain precautions, such as following each step in order, knowing where debris will go before the air is started, and clearing crew members from dangerous areas. With enforced, documented procedures, the chances of inadvertent hazardous energy release are reduced.

Discussion: Employees should be trained thoroughly and formally on the standard operating procedures that are relevant to their duties and assignments. In addition, employers should consider thorough skill evaluations or screening for functional skills prior to hire or work assignment. For operations, such as performing cleanout on a drilling rig, the potential hazards of blowouts during the operation should be addressed, as well as ways to minimize or eliminate the hazards. In addition, training should emphasize the importance of establishing and maintaining good communication between all crew members while performing all work procedures. Documentation of the training should be kept on file with the company, and periodic retraining of employees should be done. Retraining should always occur when there are changes in the equipment, processes, or hazards present. Oil and gas industries should consider consulting sources such as publications from the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC; http://www.iadc.org/external icon) (Link Updated 4/1/2013) and OSHA’s Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing eTool (https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/oilandgas/ general_safety/general_safety.htmlexternal icon) for information on safety and training.

Discussion: The emergency action plan should be in written form and include all necessary steps to take when an emergency occurs. The plan should contain steps for providing emergency first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the phone numbers for all emergency providers and appropriate company officials, and the proper documentation forms to complete following an emergency. The plan should also address fire evacuation and prevention, severe weather procedures, and workplace violence and safety. Every employee should be trained annually on the company’s emergency action plan. Information should be provided on the scope, purpose, and application of the plan. Site-specific information (e.g., severe weather shelters, fire evacuation plan, location of nearest medical care facilities, and pertinent contact phone numbers) should be given to or posted for employees each time a rig is moved. Employees should know where copies of site-specific plans are kept and who to notify if the plans are not readily available. In addition, remote jobsites should have cell phones, two-way radios, or other reliable means of quick communication in the event of an emergency.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing eTool. (https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/oilandgas/general_safety/general_safety.htmlexternal icon)

A pit in the ground to provide additional height between the rig floor and the well head to accommodate the installation of blowout preventers, ratholes, mouseholes, and so forth. It also collects drainage water and other fluids for disposal.†

A small enclosure on the rig floor used as an office for the driller or as a storehouse for small objects. Also, any small building used as an office or for storage.†

The hoisting mechanism on a drilling rig. It is essentially a large winch that spools off or takes in the drilling line and thus raises or lowers the drill stem and bit.†

The cutting or boring element used in drilling oil and gas wells. Most bits used in rotary drilling are roller-cone bits. The bit consists of the cutting elements and the circulating element. The circulating element permits the passage of drilling fluid and uses the hydraulic force of the fluid stream to improve drilling rates.†

On diesel electric rigs, powerful diesel engines drive large electric generators. The generators produce electricity that flows through cables to electric switches and control equipment enclosed in a control cabinet or panel. Electricity is fed to electric motors via the panel.†

A device fitted to the rotary table through which the kelly passes. It is the means by which the torque of the rotary table is transmitted to the kelly and to the drill stem. Also called the drive bushing.†

Shallow bores under the rig floor, usually lined with pipe, in which joints of drill pipe are temporarily suspended for later connection to the drill string.†

A diesel, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), natural gas, or gasoline engine, along with a mechanical transmission and generator for producing power for the drilling rig. Newer rigs use electric generators to power electric motors on the other parts of the rig.†

A hole in the rig floor 30 to 35 feet deep, lined with casing that projects above the floor. The kelly is placed in the rathole when hoisting operations are in progress.†

Shallow bores under the rig floor, usually lined with pipe, in which joints of drill pipe are temporarily suspended for later connection to the drill string.†

A mud pit in which a supply of drilling fluid has been stored. Also, a waste pit, usually an excavated, earthen-walled pit. It may be lined with plastic to prevent soil contamination.†

The hose on a rotary drilling rig that conducts the drilling fluid from the mud pump and standpipe to the swivel and kelly; also called the mud hose or the kelly hose.†

A relatively short length of chain attached to the tong pull chain on the manual tongs used to make up drill pipe. The spinning chain is attached to the pull chain so that a crew member can wrap the spinning chain several times around the tool joint box of a joint of drill pipe suspended in the rotary table. After crew members stab the pin of another tool joint into the box end, one of them then grasps the end of the spinning chain and with a rapid upward motion of the wrist "throws the spinning chain"-that is, causes it to unwrap from the box and coil upward onto the body of the joint stabbed into the box. The driller then actuates the makeup cathead to pull the chain off of the pipe body, which causes the pipe to spin and thus the pin threads to spin into the box.†

A vertical pipe rising along the side of the derrick or mast. It joins the discharge line leading from the mud pump to the rotary hose and through which mud is pumped going into the hole.†

A rotary tool that is hung from the rotary hook and traveling block to suspend and permit free rotation of the drill stem. It also provides a connection for the rotary hose and a passageway for the flow of drilling fluid into the drill stem.†

The top drive rotates the drill string end bit without the use of a kelly and rotary table. The top drive is operated from a control console on the rig floor.†

The Attorneys at Spurgeon Law Firm know what it’s like to spend countless hours tripping pipe on a drilling rig. Stephen and Sam both have experience working on drilling rigs where they have roughnecked on Kelly and rotary drilling rigs.

Running in the hole or pulling out of the hole (aka tripping pipe) is one of the most labor intensive job tasks a worker will engage in while on a drilling rig. Long hours of throwing the slips in, breaking or making connections, and racking back stands of pipe in the derrick is mentally and physically exhausting whereby your brain will start to populate abnormal thoughts. Your mind will start to drift due to fatigue and exhaustion and thus cause you to lose focus on the job at hand. Because of this, people are more susceptible of making mistakes, which in turn will cause injury to themselves or someone else. This is why it is imperative that companies have adequate personnel on the job and to allow that personnel to take breaks as needed. Your safety should be priority and always put your health first and the company’s profit second.

All oilfield workers have the right to work in a safe environment. The oilfield is governed by rules, laws, and guidelines to keep workers safe. However, these rules and laws are not always followed and often lead to serious injury. If you have sustained injuries in the oilfield contact our experienced oilfield lawyers at 318-224-2222. Attorneys, Stephen and Sam, have both worked in the oilfield and know the ins and outs. Prior to becoming an attorney, Stephen worked offshore as a Petroleum Engineer gaining valuable experience which he uses to get his clients maximum compensation. Their experience can make the difference when it comes to getting the payment you deserve. Contact Spurgeon Law Firm today for a free consultation.

Working on a drilling rig is risky business by anyone’s standards. Safety must a matter of paramount concern in order to prevent injuries and accidents.

Unfortunately, accidents that result from failure to pay attention to safety protocols and procedures happen all too often. A good motto to keep in mind is that no job is so important or service so urgent that rig operations cannot be done with a “safety first” mindset.

Workers on drilling and workover rigs may sometimes take matters into their own hands, resulting in safety violations or, worse, injury. And while it is the rig operator’s responsibility to see that they are sufficiently trained and that the workplace is free from hazards, it is vital that every person on a rig site develop a keen sense of safety.

In an effort to help those in the industry adopt a safety first mindset, Grainger, a supplier of MRO products to the oil and gas industry, offers the following guidelines:

Grainger says that routine safety audits at rig sites are essential. Both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and OGP provide fact sheets and a variety of tools for performing on-site safety audits.

Implement the use of wearable ID tags and routine shift check-in/check-out procedures. This let supervisors and emergency responders know the location of every worker on the rig at all times.

Oil and gas rig workers may require ready access to tool boxes equipped with equipment needed to take care of repairs and to perform routine maintenance. Depending on the worksite, these may include electrical parts, material handling aids, plumbing components, hand tools, power tools, and welding gear.

Emergency Preparedness OSHA requires emergency response plans for every drilling site, which can vary depending on the rig’s location and layout. Grainger says that an effective plan should always include the ready availability of appropriate emergency and rescue equipment, as well as a program for training and drilling of all supervisors and workers on emergency escape and rescue procedures.

Oilfield safety is no different than safety anywhere else. Common sense, good judgment, and the right equipment for the job help to ensure workers are protected from injury. But remember the motto: No job is so important or service so urgent that rig operations cannot be done with a “safety first” mindset.

Keystone Energy Tools offers a wide variety of safety products to help ensure a safer work environment. Contact us to learn more about these and the other oil and gas industry products we offer.